| van Overdam et al., 2006(2020 van Overdam KA, de Faber JT, Lemij HG, de Waard PW. Baerveldt glaucoma implant in paediatric patients. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006; 90(3):328-32.) |
BGI |
PCG and SCG |
3.3 ± 3.6 |
55 |
27.2 ± 7.9 |
15.3 ± 6.6 |
94 (2)
85 (3)
|
31.9 |
Tube dislocation (14.5); tube exposure (5.5); cataract (5.5); phthisis (3.7); visual loss (7.3) |
| Al-Mobarak et al., 2009(2121 Almobarak F, Khan AO. Complications and 2-year valve survival following Ahmed valve implantation during the first 2 years of life. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009;93(6):795-8.) |
AGV |
PCG and SCG |
1.0 ± 0.5 |
42 |
33.5 ± 8.6 |
20.0 ± 9.7 |
73.8 (1)
63.3 (2)
|
24 |
Tube malpositioning requiring intervention (26.2); endophthalmitis (7.1); retinal detachment (7.1) |
| Al-Mobarak et al., 2009(2222 Al-Mobarak F, Khan AO. Two-year survival of Ahmed valve implantation in the first 2 years of life with and without intraoperative mitomycin-C. Ophthalmology. 2009;116(10):1862-5.) |
AGVp w/MMC
AGVp w/o MMC
|
PCG and SCG |
1.0 ± 0.5
0.9 ± 0.4
|
16/31
15/31
|
35.0 ± 11.4
31.6 ± 7.4
|
21.3 ± 13.1
18.9 ± 7.2
|
31.3 (2)
80.0 (2)
|
24 |
Tube migration requiring intervention (32.3); endophthalmitis (6.5); preseptal cellulitis (6.5); suprachoroidal hemorrhage (3.2) |
| Khan et al. 2009(2323 Khan AO, Almobarak FA. Comparison of polypropylene and silicone Ahmed valve survival 2 years following implantation in the first 2 years of life. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009;93(6):791-4.) |
AGVs
AGVp
|
PCG and SCG |
1.2 ± 0.5
0.9 ± 0.5
|
11/42
31/42
|
33.9 ± 4.9
33.4 ± 9.7
|
19.8 ± 7.4
20.1 ± 10.5
|
90.9 (2)
54.8 (2)
|
24 |
Tube malpositioning requiring intervention (26.2); endophthalmitis (7.1); retinal detachment (7.1). |
| El Gendy et al., 2012(2424 El Gendy NM, Song JC. Long term comparison between single stage Baerveldt and Ahmed glaucoma implants in pediatric glaucoma. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2012;26(3):323-6.) |
BGI
AGV
|
PCG and SCG |
5.4
6.7
|
20
11
|
33.8 ± 5.7
39.8 ± 6.2
|
18 ± 5.7
24 ± 5.4
|
80 (4)
54.5 (2.7)
|
45.6
32.4
|
NA** |
| Tai & Song, 2014(2525 Tai AX, Song JC. Surgical outcomes of Baerveldt implants in pediatric glaucoma patients. J AAPOS. 2014;18(6):550-3.) |
BGI |
PCG and SCG |
4.3 ± 4.8 |
45 |
31.6 ± 5.0 |
18.3 ± 4.8 |
86.7 (2) |
24 |
Tube erosion (4.5); corneal decompensation (2.2); cataract (2.2); bleb encapsulation (2.2) |
| Razeghinejad et al., 2014(2626 Razeghinejad MR, Kaffashan S, Nowroozzadeh MH. Results of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in primary congenital glaucoma. J AAPOS. 2014;18(6):590-5.) |
AGV |
Refractory PCG |
2.7 ± 3.1 |
33 |
32.8 ± 7.3 |
16.8 ± 4.0 |
97.0 (1)
85.0 (2)
56.3 (5)
|
60 |
Tube-endothelial touch (9); tube extrusion (3); bleb encapsulation (**); cataract (6); retinal detachment |
| Chen et al., 2015(1313 Chen A, Yu F, Law SK, Giaconi JA, Coleman AL, Caprioli J. Valved glaucoma drainage devices in pediatric glaucoma retrospective long-term outcomes. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2015;133(9):1030-5.) |
AGV |
PCG and SCG |
6.8 ± 5.7 |
119 |
29.2 ± 9.7 |
15.2 ± 3.5 |
85.7 (1)
55.0 (5)
|
73.2 |
Tube exposure (7.6); tube touching the cornea (3.4); cataract (4.2); strabismus (2.5) |
| Mandalos et al., 2016(1717 Mandalos A, Tailor R, Parmar T, Sung V. The long-term outcomes of glaucoma drainage device in pediatric glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2016;25(3):e189-95.,2727 Mandalos A, Sung V. Glaucoma drainage device surgery in children and adults: a comparative study of outcomes and complications. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2017;255(5):1003-11.) |
BGI
MGI
|
PCG and SCG |
8.3 ± 5.1 |
53
16
|
29.4 ± 8.9 |
15.5 ± 8.4 |
66.7 |
45.7 |
Hypotony (52); choroidal effusion (27.5); bleb encapsulation (17.3); cataract (23); uveitis (20); decompensation (11.6); corneal touch (7.2) |
| Kaushik et al., 2017(2828 Kaushik S, Kataria P, Raj S, Pandav SS, Ram J. Safety and efficacy of a low-cost glaucoma drainage device for refractory childhood glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 2017;101(12):1623-7.) |
AADI |
PCG and SCG |
8.2 ± 3.6 |
34 |
27.4 ± 7.5 |
12.8 ± 5.6 |
81.7 (2) |
18.3 |
Retinal detachment; tube malpositioning; tube-endothelial touch; conjunctival retraction; cataract. |
| Eksioglu et al., 2017(2929 Eksioglu U, Yakin M, Sungur G, Satana B, Demirok G, Balta O, et al. Short- to long-term results of Ahmed glaucoma valve in the management of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with pediatric uveitis. Can J Ophthalmol. 2017;52(3):295-301.) |
AGV |
SCG |
14.2 ± 3.3 |
16 |
33.5 ± 7.3 |
12.7 ±3.2 |
49.2 (3) |
64.4 |
Cataract (50.0); partial occlusion of the tube (12.5); hypotony (12.5); Descemet detachment (6.3); hyphema (6.3); retinal detachment (6.3). |
| Al-Haddad et al., 2018(3030 Al-Haddad C, Al-Salem K, Ismail K, Noureddin B. Long-term outcomes of Ahmed tube implantation in pediatric glaucoma after multiple surgeries. Int Ophthalmol. 2018;38(6):2649-52.) |
AGV |
PCG and SCG |
12.7 ± 9.3 |
11 |
24.8 ± 6.8 |
17.5 ± 4.3 |
82 (4.3) |
51.6 |
NA** |
| Senthil et al., 2018(3131 Senthil S, Turaga K, Mohammed HA, Krishnamurthy R, Badakere S, Dikshit S, et al. Outcomes of silicone Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in refractory pediatric glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2018; 27(9):769-75.) |
AGV |
PCG and SCG |
3 |
76 |
29 ± 30 |
14.6 ± 15.4 |
88 (1) |
27 |
16% overall**: hypotony; corneal touch; tube retraction; tube exposure. |
| Esfandiari et al., 2019 (3232 Esfandiari H, Kurup SP, Torkian P, Mets MB, Rahmani B, Tanna AP. Long-term Clinical Outcomes of Ahmed and Baerveldt drainage device surgery for pediatric glaucoma following cataract surgery. J Glaucoma. 2019;28(10):865-870.) |
AGV
BGI
|
Pediatric
GFCS
|
4.4 ± 2.1
4.1 ± 2.1
|
16
12
|
28.6 ± 4.1
30.0 ± 4.1
|
17.6 ± 2.1
17.6 ± 1.7
|
74.9 (4)
72.9 (4)
|
48 |
Hyphema (26.9); choroidal effusion (3.6); hypotony (3.6); tube exposure (7.2); corneal touch (7.2) |
| Pakravan et al., 2019(1616 Pakravan M, Esfandiari H, Yazdani S, Doozandeh A, Dastborhan Z, Gerami E, et al. Clinical outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in pediatric glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2019; 29(1):44-51.) |
AGV |
PCG and SCG |
7.9 ± 6.5 |
95 |
31.6 ± 8 |
16.4 ± 5.1 |
90 (1)
52.5 (5)
|
72 |
Tube elongation (8.4); leakage (2); tube exposure (2); endophthalmitis (1); anterior displacement (1); suprachoroidal hemorrhage (1); hypotony (1); Tenon cyst (1); effusion (1); AGV extrusion (1). |
| Rateb et al., 2019(3333 Rateb MF, Abdel Motaal H, Shehata M, Anwar M, Tohamy D, Saleh MGA. Outcome of a low-cost glaucoma implant versus the Baerveldt glaucoma implant for paediatric glaucoma in a tertiary hospital in Egypt. J Ophthalmol. 2019;2019:5134190.) |
BGI
AAID
|
PCG and SCG |
2.3 |
27 |
34 ± 5 |
12.6 |
41 (0.5) |
6 |
Intense anterior chamber inflammation (24.5); tube occlusion (5.2); endophthalmitis (3.5). |
| Daniel et al., 2019(1414 Daniel MC, Mohamed-Noriega J, Petchyim S, Brookes J. Childhood Glaucoma: Long-Term Outcomes of Glaucoma Drainage Device Implantation Within the First 2 Years of Life. J Glaucoma. 2019; 28(10):878-83.) |
BGI
MGI
AGV
|
PCG and SCG |
2 |
60 |
23.6 ± 5.8 |
17.6 ± 6.3 |
93 (1) |
48 |
Tube exposure (13); endophthalmitis (8); hypotony (8) |
| Arad et al., 2019(3434 Arad T, Hoffmann EM, Prokosch-Willing V, Pfeiffer N, Grehn F. XEN-augmented Baerveldt Implantation for refractory childhood glaucoma: a retrospective case series. J Glaucoma. 2019;28(11): 1015-8.) |
XEN-augmented BGI |
PCG and SCG |
6.5 |
10 |
32 |
18.9 |
60 (1) |
12.7 |
Surgical revision** (30) |
| Durai et al., 2021(3535 Durai I, Pallamparthy S, Puthuran GV, Wijesinghe HK, Uduman MS, Krishnadas SR, et al. Outcomes of glaucoma drainage device implantation and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C in glaucoma secondary to aniridia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021;227:173-81.) |
AADI
TREC
|
Aniridia |
15.7 ± 9.5
11.7 ± 12.3
|
18
12
|
32.5 ± 11.4
27.2 ± 10.9
|
14.1 ± 2.8
9.6 ± 6.6
|
83
17
|
12 |
retinal detachment (8.3% TREC), cataract (41.7 TREC); shallow anterior chamber (5.6 AADI) |
| Promelle et al., 2021(3636 Promelle V, Lyons CJ. Long-term results of Ahmed valve implantation with mitomycin-C in pediatric glaucoma. J Glaucoma. 2021; 30(7):596-605.) |
AGV w/ MMC |
PCG and SCG |
6.4 ± 5.1 |
81 |
30.4 ± 8.1 |
19.9 ± 6.8 |
72 (1)
58 (2)
35 (5)
|
96 |
Hypotony (30.8); flat anterior chamber (14.8); cataract (11); corneal opacity (15); choroidal detachment (5) |
| Khan et al., 2021(3737 Khan AM, Ahmad K, Alarfaj M, Alotaibi H, AlJaloud A, Malik R. Surgical outcomes of the Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI) versus the Ahmed glaucoma valve for refractory paediatric glaucoma in Middle Eastern children. BMJ Open Ophthalmol. 2021;6(1):e000831.) |
AAID
AGV
|
PCG and SCG |
7.8 ± 5.4
9.0 ± 5.2
|
56
70
|
32.2 ± 8.2
33.1 ± 7.9
|
~16.7
~18.2
|
69.9 (2)
66.8 (2)
|
13.8
25.3
|
Choroidal detachment (12.5/1.4); Retinal detachment (5.4/4.3); Endophthalmitis (0/2.9); Encysted bleb (0/8.6); Cataract (0/4.3); Hypotony (3.6/1.4) |
| Jacobson et al., 2022(3838 Jacobson A, Besirli CG, Bohnsack BL. Outcomes of Baerveldt glaucoma drainage device in pediatric eyes. J Glaucoma. 2022;31(6):468-77.) |
BGI |
PCG and SCG |
7.7 ± 5.7 |
106 |
26 ± 9 |
16 ± 6 |
64 |
57.6 |
Retinal detachment (6.6), hypotony (3.8); suprachoroidal hemorrhage (0.9); |
| Jacobson et al., 2022 (3939 Jacobson A, Moroi SE, Bohnsack BL. Characteristics and Outcomes of Glaucoma Associated With Congenital Ectropion Uvea. Am J Ophthalmol. 2022;241:1-8.) |
BGI
AGV
|
CEU |
5.4 ± 7.0 |
7 |
32.9 ± 11.0 |
12.7 ± 2.2 |
57 |
72 |
N/A |
