Studies on vascular epiphytes in Brazil usually do not consider isolated trees close to anthropic areas. These trees allow the establishment and preservation of a representative proportion of the original epiphytic flora. In this study, the floristic composition of vascular epiphytes was surveyed on isolated specimens of Ficus organensis (Miq.) Miq., on the northern coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul. The study area lies around the city of Terra de Areia (29°35' S; 50°04' W), a region with a humid subtropical climate (Cfa). Sixty trees were surveyed. The floristic survey resulted in 77 species, 33 genera and 10 families. Orchidaceae and the genus Tillandsia L. presented the highest number of species. The most diversified ecological category was true epiphytes, with 69 species, most of these are succulent as an adaptation to water deficit. The proportion of anemochoric species (51) was almost twice the number of zoochoric species (26). The percentage of epiphytic species in relation to the regional epiphytic flora was 30.8%. The proportion of Orchidaceae was relatively small, probably due to greater ecological demands in relation to the original forested habitats. The family with greatest physiognomic importance was Bromeliaceae. Although anemochoric species clearly predominate over zoochoric species, the importance of this seed dispersal form is still higher in areas with well-preserved forests.
epiphytism; floristics; ecology; Ficus organensis; Southern Brazil
