New Crocodyliform specimens from Recôncavo-Tucano Basin (Early Cretaceous) of Bahia, Brazil

SOUZA, RAFAEL G. DE; CAMPOS, DIOGENES A.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201720170382

RAFAEL G. DE SOUZA

Laboratório de Sistemática e Tafonomia de Vertebrados Fósseis, Setor de Paleovertebrados, Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

DIOGENES A. CAMPOS

Museu de Ciências da Terra - CPRM, Av. Pasteur, 404, 22290-255 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

Correspondence to: Rafael Gomes de Souza E-mail: rafelsouz@gmail.com

*
Contribution to the centenary of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences.

Figures (4)
Tables (1)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Locality and studied area map. a) South America map, detaching other South Latinoamerican Countries (dark gray), Brazil (medium gray), State of Bahia (light gray), and Brasilia Federal District (black). Dark box on the State of Bahia is the studied area highlighted in b; and, b) A portion of East and Northeast Bahia State with the Recôncavo-Tucano Basin delimited. Legends: I and II, the discordant contact with the basement or some monocline faults with small displacements; III, Maragojipe Fault; IV, Adustina Fault; V, Inhambupe Fault; VI, Salvador Faults; VII, Accommodation zone where the Itapicuru River flows; VIII, Aporá Height; 1, Tracupá Locality; 2, Quererá Locality; 3, Queimada Grande Locality; 4, Candeias Locality; and, black and white dot is Salvador City. Scale: 50 km.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
New Crocodyliformes specimens. An osteoderm (MCT 1860-R). a) dorsal view; and, b) ventral view; c) medial view. A fibula (MCT 1859-R): d) anterior view; e) lateral view; f) posterior view; and g) medial view. A left tibia (MCT 1862-R): h) anterior view; i) lateral view; j) posterior view; and, k) medial view. Abbreviations: a + it + ft, Mm. ambiens, iliotibialis 1-3, and femorotibialis; ads, anterolateral surface; Fac art ext: Facies articularis externa; For, foramina; ftir, M flexor tibialis internus insertion ridge; las, articular lateral surface; mas, medial articular surface; mc, medial condyle; nf, nutrient formanen; Proc art, processus articularis; Sulc, sulcus and, tat, M tibialis anterior tuberosity. Scale a, b and d to k: 50 mm; Scale c: 10 mm.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
A right autopodium (MCT 1861-R). Distal end of radius in a) lateral, b) medial, and c) proximal views; radiale in d) posterior, e) lateral, f) anterior, g) medial, h) distal, and i) proximal views; j, k and l) phalangeal bones in lateral view; and, m) ungueal in lateral view. Abbreviations: acre, anterior crest of the radiale; alc, anterolateral crest; asu, articular surface for the ulna; cua, concavity for articular concavity; dfdv, depression for the origin of the M flexor digiti quinti pars superficialis et profundus; icd, M. interossei circular depression; ppra, proximal process of the radiale; rds, radiale articular of radius; and, Sulc, sulcus. All scales: 50 mm.

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Schematic comparisons of some Crocodyliformes radiale in anterior and posterior views respectively. All figured radiale are elements from the right autopodium, with exception of Yacarerani.radiale, which belongs to the left autopodium a) MCT 1861-R; b) Congosaurus (based on Schwarz et al. 2006SCHWARZ D, FREY E AND MARTIN T. 2006. The postcranial skeleton of the Hyposaurinae (Dyrosauridae; Crocodyliformes). Paleontology 49: 695-718.); c) Simosuchus (based on Sertich and Groenke 2010SERTICH JWS AND GROENKE JR. 2010. Appendicular skeleton of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. J Vertebr Paleontol 30: 122-153.); d) Yacarerani (based on Leardi et al. 2015LEARDI JM, POL D, NOVAS FE AND RIGLOS MS. 2015. The Postcranial Anatomy of Yacarerani boliviensis and the Phylogenetic Significance of the Notosuchian Postcranial Skeleton. J Vertebr Paleontol 35(6): e995187-2.); and, e) Baurusuchus albertoi (based on Nascimento and Zaher 2010NASCIMENTO PM AND ZAHER H. 2010. A new species of Baurusuchus (Crocodyliformes, Mesoeucrocodylia) from the upper Cretaceous of Brazil, with the first complete postcranial skeleton described for the family Baurusuchidae. Pap Avulsos Zool 50: 323-361.). Abbreviations: acre, anterior crest of the radiale; asu, articular surface for the ulna. All scales: 20mm.

Thumbnail

TABLE I
List of the studied species with its respective specimens and references.

SPECIES	SPECIMENS AND REFERENCES
Adamantinasuchus navae Nobre & Carvalho, 2006NOBRE PH AND CARVALHO IS. 2006. Adamantinasuchus navae: A new Gondwanan Crocodylomorpha (Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil. Gondwana Res 10: 370-378.	Nobre and Carvalho 2006NOBRE PH AND CARVALHO IS. 2006. Adamantinasuchus navae: A new Gondwanan Crocodylomorpha (Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil. Gondwana Res 10: 370-378.
Alligator mississippiensis (Daudin, 1802)	USNM 312673; USNM 300659; USNM 291916; USNM 544377; DGM 130-RR; DGM 133-RR; M 4864
Anatosuchus minor Sereno, Sidor, Larsson & Gado, 2003	Sereno and Larsson 2009SERENO PC AND LARSSON HCE. 2009. Cretaceous Crocodyliforms from the Sahara. ZooKeys 28: 1-143.
Araripesuchus tsangatsangana Turner, 2006TURNER AH. 2006. Osteology and phylogeny of a new species of Araripesuchus (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Hist Biol 18: 255-369.	Turner 2006TURNER AH. 2006. Osteology and phylogeny of a new species of Araripesuchus (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Hist Biol 18: 255-369.
Araripesuchus gomesi Price, 1959	Maisey 1991MAISEY JG. 1991. Santana Fossils an illustrated atlas. Neptune, T.F.H, 459 p.
Armadillosuchus arrudai Marinho & Carvalho, 2009MARINHO TS AND CARVALHO IS. 2009. An armadillo-like sphagesaurid crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 27: 36-41.	Marinho and Carvalho 2009MARINHO TS AND CARVALHO IS. 2009. An armadillo-like sphagesaurid crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil. J S Am Earth Sci 27: 36-41.
Baurusuchus albertoi Nacimento & Zaher, 2010	Vasconsellos et al. 2004VASCONSELLOS FM, ARRUDA JT, ROCHA-BARBOSA O AND CARVALHO IS. 2004. Falanges ungueais de crocodilomorfos da Bacia Bauru (Cretáceo Superior, Brasil). Anuário IGeo 27: 53-63., Nascimento and Zaher 2010NASCIMENTO PM AND ZAHER H. 2010. A new species of Baurusuchus (Crocodyliformes, Mesoeucrocodylia) from the upper Cretaceous of Brazil, with the first complete postcranial skeleton described for the family Baurusuchidae. Pap Avulsos Zool 50: 323-361.
Campinasuchusdinizi Carvalho, Teixeira, Ferraz, Ribeiro, Martinelli, Neto, Sertich, Cunha, Cunha & Ferraz, 2011	Cotts et al. 2017COTTS L, PINHEIRO EP, MARINHO TS, CARVALHO IS AND DARIO FD. 2017. Postcranial skeleton of Campinasuchus dinizi (Crocodyliformes, Baurusuchidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Brazil, with comments on the ontogeny and ecomorphology of the species. Cretaceous Res 70: 163-188.
Candidodon itapecuruense Carvalho & Campos, 1988	Nobre 2004NOBRE PH. 2004. Morfologia pós-craniana de Candidodon itapecuruense (Crocodylomorpha, Mesoeucrocodylia), do Cretáceo do Brasil. Rev Bras Paleontol 7: 87-92.
Caririsuchus camposi Kellner, 1987KELLNER AWA. 1987. Ocorrência de um Novo Crocodiliano no Cretáceo Inferior da Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil. An Acad Bras Cienc 59: 219-232.	Kellner 1987KELLNER AWA. 1987. Ocorrência de um Novo Crocodiliano no Cretáceo Inferior da Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil. An Acad Bras Cienc 59: 219-232., Maisey 1991MAISEY JG. 1991. Santana Fossils an illustrated atlas. Neptune, T.F.H, 459 p.
Congosaurus bequaerti Dollo, 1914	Jouve and Schwarz 2004JOUVE S AND SCHWARZ D. 2004. Congosaurus bequaerti, a Paleocene Dyrosaurid (Crocodyliformes; Mesoeucrocodylia) from Landana (Angola). Bull Inst R Sc N B-S 74: 129-146., Schwarz et al. 2006
Dyrosaurus maghribensis Jouve, Iarochène, Bouya & Amaghzaz, 2006JOUVE S, IAROCHÈNE M, BOUYA B AND AMAGHZAZ M. 2006. A new species of Dyrosaurus (Crocodylomorpha, Dyrosauridae) from the early Eocene of Morocco: phylogenetic implications. Zool J Linn Soc-Lond 148: 603-656.	Jouve et al. 2006JOUVE S, IAROCHÈNE M, BOUYA B AND AMAGHZAZ M. 2006. A new species of Dyrosaurus (Crocodylomorpha, Dyrosauridae) from the early Eocene of Morocco: phylogenetic implications. Zool J Linn Soc-Lond 148: 603-656.
Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum Romer, 1972ROMER AS. 1972. The Chañares (Argentina) Triassic Reptile Fauna. XIII. An Early Ornithosuchid Pseudosuchian Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum gen. et sp. nov. Breviora 389: 388-390.	Romer 1972ROMER AS. 1972. The Chañares (Argentina) Triassic Reptile Fauna. XIII. An Early Ornithosuchid Pseudosuchian Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum gen. et sp. nov. Breviora 389: 388-390., Lecuona and Desojo 2011LECUONA A AND DESOJO JB. 2011. Hind limb osteology of Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia). Earth Env Sci T R So 102: 105-128.
Itasuchus jesuinoi Price, 1955PRICE LI. 1955. Novos Crocodilídeos dos arenitos da Série Baurú, Cretáceo do Estado de Minas Gerais. An Acad Bras Cienc 27: 487-498.	Marinho et al. 2006MARINHO TS, RIBEIRO LCB AND CARVALHO IS. 2006. Morfologia de Osteodermos de Crocodilomorfos do Sítio Paleontológico de Peirópolis (Bacia Bauru, Cretáceo Superior). Anuário IGeo 29: 44-53.
Mahajangasuchus insignis Buckley & Brochu, 1999BUCKLEY GA AND BROCHU CA. 1999. An Enigmatic New Crocodile from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar. Spec Pap Palaeontol 60: 149-175.	Buckley and Brochu 1999BUCKLEY GA AND BROCHU CA. 1999. An Enigmatic New Crocodile from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar. Spec Pap Palaeontol 60: 149-175.
Malawisuchus mwakasyungutiensis Gomani, 1997GOMANI EM. 1997. A Crocodyliform from the Early Cretaceous Dinosaur Beds, Northern Malawi. J Vertebr Paleontol 17: 280-294.	Gomani 1997GOMANI EM. 1997. A Crocodyliform from the Early Cretaceous Dinosaur Beds, Northern Malawi. J Vertebr Paleontol 17: 280-294.
Montealtosuchus arrudacamposi Carvalho, Vascosellos & Tavares, 2007	Tavares et al. 2015TAVARES SAS, RICARDI-BRANCO F AND CARVALHO IS. 2015. Osteoderms of Montealtosuchus arrudacamposi (Crocodyliformes, Peirosauridae) from the Turonian-Santonian (Upper Cretaceous) of Bauru Basin, Brazil. Cretaceous Res 56: 651-661.
Notosuchus terrestris Woodward, 1896	Pol 2005POL D. 2005. Postcranial remains of Notosuchus terrestris (Archosauria: Crocodyliformes) from the upper Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina. Ameghiniana 42: 21-38.
Oceanosuchus boecensis Hua, Buffetaut, Legall & Rogron, 2007HUA S, BUFFETAUT E, LEGALL C AND ROGRON P. 2007. Oceanosuchus boecensis n. gen, n. sp., a marine pholidosaurid (Crocodylia, Mesosuchia) from the Lower Cenomanian of Normandy (western France). Bull Soc Séol Fr 6: 503-513.	Hua et al. 2007HUA S, BUFFETAUT E, LEGALL C AND ROGRON P. 2007. Oceanosuchus boecensis n. gen, n. sp., a marine pholidosaurid (Crocodylia, Mesosuchia) from the Lower Cenomanian of Normandy (western France). Bull Soc Séol Fr 6: 503-513.
Orthosuchus stormbergi Nash, 1968	Nash 1975NASH DS. 1975. The morphology and relationships of a Crocodilian, Orthosuchus stormbergi, from the Upper Triassic of Lesotho. Ann S Af Mus 67: 227-329.
Peirosaurus tormini Price, 1955PRICE LI. 1955. Novos Crocodilídeos dos arenitos da Série Baurú, Cretáceo do Estado de Minas Gerais. An Acad Bras Cienc 27: 487-498.	Marinho et al. 2006MARINHO TS, RIBEIRO LCB AND CARVALHO IS. 2006. Morfologia de Osteodermos de Crocodilomorfos do Sítio Paleontológico de Peirópolis (Bacia Bauru, Cretáceo Superior). Anuário IGeo 29: 44-53.
Pholidosaurus purbeckensis (Mansel-Pleydell, 1888)	Martin et al. 2016MARTIN JE, RASLAN-LOUBATIÉ J AND MAZIN JM. 2016. Cranial anatomy of Pholidosaurus purbeckensis from the Lower Cretaceous of France and its bearing on pholidosaurid affinities. Cretaceous Res 66: 43-59.
Pissarrachampsa sera Montefeltro, Larsson & Langer, 2011	Godoy et al. 2016GODOY PL, BRONZATI M, ELTINK E, MARSOLA JCA, CIDADE GM, LANGER MC AND MONTEFELTRO FC. 2016. Postcranial anatomy of Pissarrachampsa sera (Crocodyliformes, Baurusuchidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil: insights on lifestyle and phylogenetic significance. PeerJ 10.7717/peerj.2075. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2075...
Protosuchus richardsoni (Brown, 1933)	Colbert and Mook 1951COLBERT ED AND MOOK CC. 1951. The ancestral crocodilian Protosuchus. B Am Mus Nat Hist 97: 143-182.
Sarcosuchus hartti (Marsh, 1869MARSH OC. 1869. Notice of some new reptilian remains from the Cretaceous of Brazil. Am J Sci Arts 47: 1-3.)	Buffetaut and Taquet 1977BUFFETAUT E AND TAQUET P. 1977. The giant crocodilian Sarcosuchus in the early Cretaceous of Brazil and Niger. Palaeontology 20: 203-208.
Sarcosuchus imperator Broin & Taquet, 1966	Sereno et al. 2001SERENO PC, LARSSON HCE, SIDOR CA AND GADO B. 2001. The Giant Crocodyliform Sarcosuchus from the Cretaceous of Africa. Science 294: 1516-1519.
Sebecus icaeorhinus Simpson, 1937	Pol et al. 2012POL D, LEARDI JM, LECUONA A AND KRAUSE M. 2012. Postcranial anatomy of Sebecus icaeorhinus (Crocodyliformes, Sebecidae) from the Eocene of Patagonia. J Vertebr Paleontol 32: 328-354.
Simosuchus clarki Buckley, Brochu, Krause & Pol, 2000	Sertich and Groenke 2010SERTICH JWS AND GROENKE JR. 2010. Appendicular skeleton of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. J Vertebr Paleontol 30: 122-153., Hill 2010HILL RV. 2010. Osteoderms of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. J Vertebr Paleontol 30: 154-176.
Stratiotosuchus maxhechti Campos, Suarez, Riff & Kellner, 2001	D. Riff, unpublished data, Riff and Kellner 2011RIFF D AND KELLNER AWA. 2011. Baurusuchid crocodyliforms as theropod mimics: clues from the skull and appendicular morphology of Stratiotosuchus maxhechti (Upper Cretaceous of Brazil). Zool J Linn Soc-Lond 163: S37-S56.
Susisuchus anatoceps Salisbury, Frey, Martill & Buchy, 2003SALISBURY SW, FREY E, MARTILL DM AND BUCHY MC. 2003. A new crocodilian from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of north-eastern Brazil. Paleontographica Abt A 270: 3-47.	Salisbury et al. 2003SALISBURY SW, FREY E, MARTILL DM AND BUCHY MC. 2003. A new crocodilian from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of north-eastern Brazil. Paleontographica Abt A 270: 3-47., Figueiredo and Kellner 2009FIGUEIREDO RG AND KELLNER AWA. 2009. A new crocodylomorph specimen from the Araripe Basin (Crato Member, Santana Formation), northeastern Brazil. Paläontol Z 83: 323-331.
Terminonaris robusta Mook, 1934	Wu et al. 2001WU XC, RUSSEL AP AND CUMBAA SL. 2001. Terminonaris (Archosauria: Crocodyliformes): new material from Saskatchewan, Canada, and comments on its phylogenetic relationships. J Vertebr Paleontol 21: 492-514.
Theriosuchus guimarotae Schwarz & Salisbury, 2005SCHWARZ D AND SALISBURY SW. 2005. A new species of Theriosuchus (Atoposauridae, Crocodylomorpha) from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Guimarota, Portugal. Geobios 38: 779-802.	Schwarz and Salisbury 2005SCHWARZ D AND SALISBURY SW. 2005. A new species of Theriosuchus (Atoposauridae, Crocodylomorpha) from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Guimarota, Portugal. Geobios 38: 779-802.
Uberabasuchus terrificus Carvalho, Ribeiro & Avilla, 2004	Vasconsellos et al. 2004VASCONSELLOS FM, ARRUDA JT, ROCHA-BARBOSA O AND CARVALHO IS. 2004. Falanges ungueais de crocodilomorfos da Bacia Bauru (Cretáceo Superior, Brasil). Anuário IGeo 27: 53-63., Marinho et al. 2006MARINHO TS, RIBEIRO LCB AND CARVALHO IS. 2006. Morfologia de Osteodermos de Crocodilomorfos do Sítio Paleontológico de Peirópolis (Bacia Bauru, Cretáceo Superior). Anuário IGeo 29: 44-53., F.M.Vasconcellos, unpublished data; CPPLIP 630
Yacarerani boliviensis Novas, Pais, Pol, Carvalho, Scanferla, Mones & Suarez Riglos, 2009	Leardi et al. 2015LEARDI JM, POL D, NOVAS FE AND RIGLOS MS. 2015. The Postcranial Anatomy of Yacarerani boliviensis and the Phylogenetic Significance of the Notosuchian Postcranial Skeleton. J Vertebr Paleontol 35(6): e995187-2.

[1] Correspondence to: Rafael Gomes de Souza E-mail: rafelsouz@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

New Crocodyliform specimens from Recôncavo-Tucano Basin (Early Cretaceous) of Bahia, Brazil

ABSTRACT