<i>Amauropelta yabotiensis</i> (Thelypteridaceae), a new species from Biosphere Yabotí Reserve (Misiones, Argentina) and its taxonomic relationships

YAÑEZ, AGUSTINA; MARQUEZ, GONZALO J.; TERRAZA, DANIELA OCAMPO; PONCE, M. MÓNICA

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202220201870

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ECOSYSTEMS • An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. 94 (3) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220201870 copy

Amauropelta yabotiensis (Thelypteridaceae), a new species from Biosphere Yabotí Reserve (Misiones, Argentina) and its taxonomic relationships

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Abstract

The Yabotí Biosphere Reserve (Prov. Misiones, Argentina) with 221,155 ha, represents one of the southernmost relicts of the Paranaense forest. Currently, a project is being developed in the area to inventory and describe the ferns and lycophytes. As a result of these studies, we identify a new species of Amauropelta, A. yabotiensis. Within this genus, it belongs to the group of species with uncinate hairs and presents a unique combination of diagnostic features, including the type of pubescence on the rhizome scales, the shape of the fronds and segments and type of venation. Here, we described and illustrated the species and we analyzed its taxonomic affinities and geographic distribution. Additionally, we provided a distribution map and a key to distinguish it from other Amauropelta species from Misiones province. With this new finding, we highlighted the importance of the Yabotí Reserve as a reservoir of biodiversity in the region.

Key words
Amauropelta; floristic; Paranaense forest; Southern Cone; taxonomy; Thelypteris

	Frond size	Frond shape	Laminae division	Aerophores	Proximal pinnae	Pinnae and segments orientation	*Segments()**	Venation	Indument	Indusia shape and indument	Laminar buds	Distribution
A. yabotiensis	0.60–1 x 0.15–0.30 m.	Elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate.	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Absent.	(4–)6–8 pairs sub-abruptly reduced, the basalmost auriculiform. Vestigial absent.	Generally ascending.	10-25 x 3-5 mm Adnate Basal, equal or larger than the adjacent. Elongate and sometimes auriculate.	Simple or furcate on the largest fronds.	Trichomes uncinate on rhizome scales and petiole base. Trichomes acicular on axes.	Orbicular, minutely, with trichomes acicular or setiform.	Absent.	NE Argentina.
A. amambayensis	0.40-1 m x 0.9–0.22 m.	Elliptic or narrowly-elliptic	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Papillate or mammilla-like.	3-5 pairs sub-abruptly reduced.	Horizontal to sub-oblique.	6.5-12 x 2.5-4.5mm. Adnate Basal equal or mildly larger than the adjacent.	Simple.	Trichomes acicular and uncinate on rhizome scales. Trichomes uncinate and setiform on axes and laminar tissue.	Absent.	Present.	NE Argentina, S-SE Brazil, CS-NE Paraguay.
A. burkartii	0.25–0.75 m x 0.7-0.15 m.	Elliptic or narrowly-elliptic	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Absent.	2-4 pairs gradual to sub-abruptly reduced, the lesser auriculiform.	Oblique-arched.	7-9 x 2.5-3.6mm. Adnate. Basal midly larger than adjacent.	Simple.	Absent or trichomes setiform on axes. Trichomes uncinate ocasionally on the abaxial laminar tissue.	Reniform or «subathyrioid», glabrous.	Absent.	CE Argentina, CW-S-SE Brazil.
A. eriosorus	1.10 – 2.10 x 0.16 – 0.26 m.	Elliptic-lanceolate	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Absent or inconspiuous, papillate or mammilla-like.	2-4 pairs abruptly reduced, auriculiform.	Perpendicular to slightly ascending.	7.5 – 15.1 mm. Adnate.	Simple or furcate.	Trichomes setiform on the rhizome scales and on both sides of the laminar tissue.	Reduced to a fascicle of trichomes setiform.	Absent.	SE Brazil.
A. patula	0.95 – 2.37 x 0.74-1.80 m.	Widely elliptic-lanceolate.	Pinnate–pinnatifid to 2- pinnate–pinnatifid.	Papillate or mammilla-like.	3-5 pairs abruptly reduced, auriculiform. Vestigial pinnae present.	Pinnae ascending; segments perpendicular each other.	10 – 28. 6 x 4-6 mm. Adnate to attached by a narrowed base. Basal slightly smaller than the adjacent.	Simple or furcate.	Trichomes setiform on petiole, laminar tissue and axes. Sometimes scales on axes.	Reniform or orbicular with trichomes setiform.	Absent.	S-SE Brazil.
A. pleiophylla	0.49 -0.51 m x 0.12 – 0.14 cm	Elliptic.	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Absent.	6-10 pairs gradually reduced	Perpendicular to slightly ascending.	6–7 x 3-4 mm. Adnate. Basal-most auriculate, larger than the adjacent segments	Simple.	Trichomes uncinate on petioles and rhizome scales. Trichomes long, pluricellular and sericeous on petioles.	Reniform or orbicular with trichomes setiform.	Absen.t.	S Brazil
A. pteroidea	1.5-5	Widely elliptic	2-pinnate proximally, pinnate–pinnatifid distally.	Absent.	7 pairs abruptly reduced.	Ascending or arched	20-30 x 4-6 mm Attached by a narrowed base or shortly petiolulate. Basal-most shorter and gradually reduced .	Simple furcate or 2-furcate.	Trichomes setose on rhizome scales. Trichome setose, antrorse on abaxial costae and veins. Lanceolate scales on abaxial costae.	Absent.	Absent.	Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Cuba
A. recumbens	0,30-1,20 x 0.8-0.25 m	Narrowly elliptic	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Papillate or mammilla-like.	2-4(-5) sub-abruptly to abruptly reduced, basalmost auriculiform.	Perpendicular to slightly ascending.	6.5 – 14 x 2.5-4 mm. Basal-most equal or shorter than the next-adjacent.	Simple.	Trichomes uncinate on rhizome scales, petiole bases, axes and sometimes laminar tissue. Trichomes acicular on costae and veins.	Reniform, uncinulate-hairy.	Present.	NE Argentina, S Brazil, E Paraguay
A. regnelliana	0.36-1.30 x 0.14-0.19 m	Elliptic.	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Absent or not fully developed.	4-6 pairs sub-abruptly reduced, basalmost auriculiform.	Perpendicular to slightly ascending.	6,4 - 8,9 x 2.6-7 mm. Adnate. Basal-most shorter than the next adjacent.	Simple.	Trichomes uncinate, acicular and setose on on rhizome scales, petioles, axes and laminar tissue.	Reduced to a fascicle of setiform, rarely uncinulate hairs, or absent.	Absent..	NE Argentina, S-SE Brazil.
A. rivularioides	0,30-1,10 x 0.6-1.7 m	Narrowly elliptic to linear-lanceolate.	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Absent.	4-8 pairs gradually reduced.	Perpendicular to slightly ascending.	5.7 - 9 x 2.5-3.5 mm. Adnate. Basal-most longer than the next-adjacent	Simple or furcate on the largest segments.	Trichomes sericeous on petioles. Trichomes acicular, setiform or uncinate on the abaxial laminar tissue and veins. Trichomes acicular and setiform on axes.	Reniform with trichomes glandular, acicular and or uncinate.	Absent.	NW-NE-CE Argentina, S-SE-CW-NE Brazil, S - E – NE Paraguay, E Uruguay, E- S Bolivia
Doryopteris. organensis	1 × 0.22 m	Linear-ovate-lanceolate	Pinnate–pinnatifid.	Present, at the pinnae bases.	6-8 pairs abruptly reduced, vestigial.	Perpendicular each other.	7-8 x 2-3 mm Adnate. Basal-most not or mildly enlarged.	Simple	Trichomes setiform on axes.	Not seen, small and long-ciliate in the original description.	Absent.	SE Brazil

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[1] Correspondence to: Agustina Yañez, M. Mónica Ponce E-mails: gugu@macn.gov.ar, mponce@darwin.edu.ar