Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares associados com a palmeira babaçu (<i>Attalea speciosa</i>) na periferia leste da Amazônia, Brasil

NOBRE, Camila Pinheiro; COSTA, Marlon Gomes da; GOTO, Bruno Tomio; GEHRING, Christoph

doi:10.1590/1809-4392201800092

Camila Pinheiro NOBRE ^** Corresponding author: camilaenobre@yahoo.com.br

Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Programa de Pós Graduação em Agroecologia - PPGA, Campus Paulo VI, Tirirical, CEP 65055-310, São Luís, MA, Brazil

Marlon Gomes da COSTA

Instituto Federal do Maranhão - IFMA, Campus São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, BR-230, km-319 (Antiga Fazenda Paraíso), CEP 65840-000, São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, MA, Brazil

Bruno Tomio GOTO

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Departamento de Botânica, Ecologia e Zoologia - DBEZ, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, CEP 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil

Christoph GEHRING

Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Programa de Pós Graduação em Agroecologia - PPGA, Campus Paulo VI, Tirirical, CEP 65055-310, São Luís, MA, Brazil

* Corresponding author: camilaenobre@yahoo.com.br

ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Oscar Valverde

Figuras (3)
Tabelas (4)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Map of Brazil highlighting the legal Amazon region (in gray), Maranhão state, and the location of Mato Grosso community on São Luís Island, where the study sites were located.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Principal component analysis (PCA) for seven chemical soil variables and two mycorrhizal parameters in soil samples from secondary forest regrowth sites with different degrees of babassu palm dominance (SEC 10%, SEC 50%, SEC 70%) and from degraded pasture sites at different distances from isolated babassu patches (PAS 0 m, PAS 2.5 m, PAS 4 m). Spore abundance = glomerospores abundance per 100 g soil; Root colonization = babassu root mycorrhizal infection rate.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Nonmetric multidimensional scaling of MIP parameters (sorghum shoot dry biomass, foliar phosphorus-content and root colonization rate) in secondary forest sites with differing babassu dominance (SEC10%, SEC50% and SEC70%) and in a pasture at differing distances (PAS 0 m, PAS 2.5 m, PAS 4 m) from isolated babassu patches.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Chemical characterization of 0-20 cm topsoil sampled in two environments in the eastern Brazilian Amazon: secondary forest sites differing in babassu dominance and in a degraded pasture at different distances from isolated babassu palm patches (one composite sample for each treatment).

Thumbnail

Table 2
Glomerospore abundance and babassu root colonization rate in two environments in the eastern Brazilian Amazon: secondary forest (SEC) sites with differing degrees of babassu dominance, and degraded pasture sites (PAS) at differing distances from babassu patches. Values are means ± SE; letters refer to statistically significant groupings within SEC and within PAS (according to the Tukey HSD post hoc test) and statistical difference between SEC and PAS (according to a t-test). See Material and Methods for treatment definitions.

Thumbnail

Table 3
Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species in two environments in the eastern Brazilian Amazon: secondary forest (SEC) sites with differing degrees of babassu dominance, and degraded pasture (PAS) at differing distances from babassu patches. See Material and Methods for treatment definitions.

Thumbnail

Table 4
Mycorrhizal infection potential (MIP) with sorghum as trap plant in soil from two environments in the eastern Brazilian Amazon: secondary forest fallow regrowth sites with different babassu dominance, and pasture at different distances from babassu patches. Values are the mean ± SE of shoot dry biomass (SDB), percentage of mycorrhizal colonization (% col) and foliar P-content (in g kg^-1). See Material and Methods for treatment definitions.. Letters indicate significant distance-related differences in SDB within the pasture according to ANOVA and Tukey HSD. All other comparisons were non-significant

	pH	P¹	K¹	Ca²	Mg²	Na¹	Al	H+Al	C³
	CaCl₂	mgdm^-3	-------mmol_cdm^-3------						g kg^-1
Babassu dominance (%)
10	5.1	4.0	0.4	20	8.0	0.8	0	34	20.1
50	4.7	4.0	0.6	10	11.0	1.0	0	21	18.1
70	4.4	2.8	0.5	19	9.0	1.0	0	33	16.5
Distance from babassu (m)
0	4.4	12	0.5	7.0	6.0	0.8	2.0	40	14.6
2.5	4.2	13	0.4	7.0	5.0	0.8	1.0	36	12.6
4	4.7	11	0.3	5.0	4.0	0.5	2.0	36	12.1

	Glomerospores per 100 g soil	Babassu root colonization rate (%)
Babassu dominance (%)
10	221 ± 13 b	45.2 ± 2.71 b
50	302 ± 20 a	49.6 ± 2.54 a
70	219 ± 36 b	43.5 ± 3.15 b
Distance from babassu (m)
0	170 ± 18 a	43.9 ± 2.87 a
2.5	148±9 ab	43.0±4.69 a
4	100±12 b	34.2±2.22 b
Overall values per environment
SEC	247 ± 4 a	46.08 ± 0.46 a
PAS	139 ± 3 b	40.36 ± 0.59 b

AMF species	Babassu dominance (%)			Distance from babassu (m)			Life - history strategy¹
AMF species	10	50	70	0	2.5	4
Acaulosporaceae
Acaulospora denticulata Sieverd. & S. Toro	-	-	-	X	x	X	*
Acaulospora excavata Ingleby & C. Walker	-	-	X	-	-	-	*
Acaulospora foveata Trappe & Janos	-	-	-	-	-	X	*
Acaulospora morrowie Spain & N.C. Schenck	x	-	-	-	-	-	*
Acaulospora rehmii Sieverd. & S. Toro	x	-	-	-	-	-	*
Acaulospora scrobiculata Trappe	x	-	X	-	-	-	*
Entrophosporaceae
Entrophospora infrequens (I.R. Hall) R.N. Ames & R.W. Schneid.	-	-	-	x	-	-	*
Glomeraceae
Funneliformis halonatum (S.L. Rose & Trappe) Oehl, G.A. Silva & Sieverd.	x	-	-	-	-	-	r
Glomus sp1 Tul. & Tul.	x	x	-	-	x	X	r
Glomus sp2 Tul. & Tul.	x	x	-	-	-	-	r
Glomus sp3 Tul. & Tul.	-	x	-	-	-	-	r
Sclerocystis sinuosa Gerd. & B.K. Bakshi	-	-	X	x	-	-	*
Dentiscutataceae
Fuscutata heterograma Oehl, F.A. de Souza, L.C. Maia & Sieverd.	-	-	-	-	x	X	K
Racocetraceae
Cetraspora pellucida (T.H. Nicolson & N.C. Schenck) Oehl, F.A. de Souza & Sieverd.	x	-	-	-	-	-	K
Scutellosporaceae
Orbispora pernambucana (Oehl, D.K. Silva, N. Freitas, L.C. Maia) Oehl, G.A.Silva & D.K. Silva	x	x	-	-	x	-	K
Scutellospora calospora (T.H. Nicolson & Gerd.) C. Walker & F.E. Sanders	x	-	-	-	-	-	K
N species per treatment	9	4	3	3	4	4
N species per environment	12			7

	SDB (g)	% col	P (g kg^-1)
Babassu dominance (%)
10	0.182 ± 0.015	50.52 ± 1.569	1.198 ± 0.001
50	0.256 ± 0.004	46.91 ± 1.115	0.442 ± 0.000
70	0.214 ± 0.016	50.73 ± 0.797	0.691 ± 0.001
Distance from babassu (m)
0	0.446 ± 0.006 a	43.77 ± 0.786	0.652 ± 0.000
2.5	0.392 ± 0.020 ab	48.06 ± 0.428	0.318 ± 0.001
4	0.308 ± 0.009 b	43.99 ± 1.076	0.956 ± 0.002

[1] * Corresponding author: camilaenobre@yahoo.com.br

Brasil

Brasil

Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares associados com a palmeira babaçu (Attalea speciosa) na periferia leste da Amazônia, Brasil

RESUMO