RESUMEN Introducción: la endocarditis infecciosa es una enfermedad de una variada presentación clínica. Es cada vez más frecuente debido a los cuidados relacionados con la salud. Objetivo: determinar las complicaciones de los pacientes con endocarditis infecciosa bacteriana al momento del diagnóstico y su relación con el agente causal y ofrecer una descripción general de las características demográficas y clínicas presentes en pacientes del Hospital Nacional, Itauguá, Paraguay, en el periodo 2017-2021. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo que incluyo 37 pacientes con el diagnóstico de endocarditis infecciosa con germen aislado. Resultados: la edad media fue 45 ±14 años, la mayoría provenía del área urbana y era del sexo masculino (65%). La comorbilidad más frecuente fue enfermedad renal crónica (50%). Los procedimientos invasivos (catéter venoso central simple) fueron el foco de bacteriemia más frecuente (65,22%). La válvula más comprometida fue la aórtica, la complicación más frecuente fue la insuficiencia cardiaca (70,27%), hubieron 49% de desenlaces fatales. El germen más frecuente y causante de la mayor morbimortalidad fue Staphylococcus aureus (43,24%). Conclusión: la enfermedad renal crónica fue el principal factor de riesgo. Ser portador de catéter venoso simple de hemodiálisis estuvo relacionado al aislamiento del Staphylococcus aureus como agente causal más frecuente. Este germen estuvo relacionado a la alta tasa de complicaciones al momento del ingreso y con el alto porcentaje de desenlaces fatales.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Infective endocarditis is a disease with a varied clinical presentation. It is becoming more frequent due to health-related care. Objective: To determine the complications of patients with bacterial infective endocarditis at the time of diagnosis and their relationship with the causal agent and offer a general description of the demographic and clinical characteristics present in patients of the Hospital Nacional of Itauguá, Paraguay, in the period 2017- 2021. Material and methods: Descriptive, observational, retrospective study that included 37 patients diagnosed with infective endocarditis with isolated germ. Results: The mean age was 45±14 years, the majority came from the urban area and was male (65%). The most frequent comorbidity was chronic kidney disease (50%). Invasive procedures (simple central venous catheter) were the most frequent source of bacteremia (65.22%). The most compromised valve was the aortic, the most frequent complication was heart failure (70.27%) and there was 49% of fatal outcomes. The most frequent germ and cause of the highest morbidity and mortality was Staphylococcus aureus (43.24%). Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease was the main risk factor. Being a carrier of a simple venous hemodialysis catheter was related to the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus as the most frequent causal agent. This germ was related to the high rate of complications at the time of admission and the high percentage of fatal outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: las complicaciones neurológicas más frecuentes de la hemorragia subaracnoidea son el vasoespasmo cerebral, el resangrado y la hidrocefalia. Las convulsiones que pueden asociarse son generalmente secundarias a las anteriores. La aparición de éstas influye en la morbimortalidad de los pacientes afectados. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de complicaciones clínicas de la hemorragia subaracnoidea Material y métodos: se aplicó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron 105 pacientes adultos con hemorragia subaracnoidea que acudieron al Hospital Nacional, Itauguá, Paraguay, en el periodo 2020-2021. Resultados: la edad media fue 52 ±15 años. La mayoría de los pacientes fue del sexo femenino (59,05%) y provenía del Departamento Central. La hipertensión arterial fue la principal comorbilidad. La mayoría de los pacientes presentó Fisher 4 en la tomografía simple de cráneo y la presentación clínica fue el Hunt y Hess 2. El vasoespasmo fue la complicación neurológica más frecuente. La mortalidad fue 54,29%. Conclusión: la escala de Fisher 4 y la de Hunt y Hess 2 fueron los grados de presentación imagenológica y afectación clínica más frecuentes. La complicación neurológica predominante fue el vasoespasmo, aislado o asociado a otras complicaciones como hidrocefalia o resangrado. La mortalidad fue 54,29%.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The most frequent neurological complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage are cerebral vasospasm, rebleeding and hydrocephalus. The seizures that may be associated are generally secondary to these complications. Their appearance influences the morbidity and mortality of affected patients. Objective: To determine the frequency of clinical complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage Material and methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was used. One hundred five adult patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage who attended the Hospital Nacional of Itauguá, Paraguay, in the period 2020-2021 were included. Results: The mean age was 52±15 years. Most of the patients were female (59.05%) and came from the Central Department. Arterial hypertension was the main comorbidity. Most of the patients presented Fisher grade 4 in the simple skull tomography and the clinical presentation was Hunt and Hess grade 2. Vasospasm was the most frequent neurological complication while mortality was 54.29%. Conclusion: The Fisher grade 4 and the Hunt and Hess grade were the most frequent grades of imaging presentation and clinical involvement. The predominant neurological complication was vasospasm, isolated or associated with other complications such as hydrocephalus or rebleeding. Mortality was 54.29%.

RESUMEN Introducción: la hipertensión arterial es una enfermedad que se caracteriza por la elevación sostenida de la presión arterial. Su aparición a temprana edad se ha duplicado en los últimos años, por lo que se espera un incremento de las complicaciones vasculares relacionadas a ella, como la manifestación de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico o hemorrágico, infarto agudo de miocardio, nefropatía hipertensiva, preeclampsia, eclampsia. Los factores de riesgos asociados de gran influencia como el antecedente patológico familiar entre otros se encuentran relacionados a su aparición. Objetivo: determinar las características clínicas de pacientes hipertensos menores de 50 años en el Hospital Nacional, Itauguá, Paraguay, en el periodo 2020-2021. Metodología: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal, analítico que incluyo 150 pacientes con hipertensión arterial, de ambos sexos, menores de 50 años. Resultados: la edad media de la muestra fue 39 años, con rango entre 15-50 años, la mayoría provenía del área urbana, con nivel educativo secundario. Hubo predominio del sexo femenino (52%), sin embargo, las complicaciones vasculares fueron más frecuentes en el sexo masculino. Las complicaciones vasculares se detectaron en 89%, predominando el accidente cerebrovascular (26%), la retinopatía hipertensiva (24%) y la nefropatía de origen hipertensivo (22,6%). La mayoría de los pacientes presentaba factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociados, los principales fueron el sedentarismo y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, así como el antecedente patológico familiar de hipertensión arterial. Conclusión: las principales complicaciones fueron el accidente cerebro vascular (26%), la retinopatía hipertensiva (24%) y la nefropatía de origen hipertensivo (22,6%). Se recomienda la detección precoz y el tratamiento oportuno de los hipertensos jóvenes.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Hypertension is a disease characterized by sustained elevation of blood pressure. Its appearance at an early age has doubled in recent years, therefore an increase in vascular complications related to it is expected, such as the manifestation of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, acute myocardial infarction, hypertensive nephropathy, preeclampsia, eclampsia. Associated risk factors of great influence, such as family pathological history, among others, are related to its appearance. Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics of hypertensive patients under 50 years of age at the Hospital Nacional of Itauguá, Paraguay, in the period 2020-2021. Methodology: Observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical study that included 150 male and female patients with arterial hypertension under 50 years of age. Results: The average age of the sample was 39 years, with a range between 15-50 years, the majority came from the urban area, and had secondary education level. There was a predominance of women (52%), however, vascular complications were more frequent in men. Vascular complications were detected in 89%, predominantly stroke (26%), hypertensive retinopathy (24%) and hypertensive nephropathy (22.6%). Most of the patients had associated cardiovascular risk factors, the main ones being sedentary lifestyle and type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as a family pathological history of high blood pressure. Conclusion: The main complications were cerebrovascular accident (26%), hypertensive retinopathy (24%) and hypertensive nephropathy (22.6%). Early detection and timely treatment of young hypertensive patients is recommended.

RESUMEN Introducción: la hipertensión arterial constituye el principal factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Su detección en adultos jóvenes obliga a buscar una causa secundaria y potencialmente corregible. Objetivo: determinar las características clínicas de la hipertensión arterial en adultos menores de 30 años de edad que acuden al Hospital Nacional, Itauguá, Paraguay, en el periodo 2019-2021. Sujetos y métodos: estudio descriptivo observacional retrospectivo de corte transversal donde se incluyó 50 pacientes entre 18 y 30 años de edad con hipertensión arterial. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa, Paraguay. Resultados: la edad media fue 23 ± 4 años, en su mayoría eran provenientes de la zona urbana, siendo 58% del sexo masculino y con un bajo nivel educativo. La media de índice de masa corporal fue 23,5 ± 5 k/m2 y 58% no tenía antecedente familiar de hipertensión arterial. La media de cifras de presión arterial fueron 150 mmHg para la sistólica y 100 mmHg para la diastólica. La hipertensión arterial secundaria se detectó en 86% de la muestra. La etiología más frecuente fue la enfermedad renal parenquimatosa (86%), de los cuales 89% padecía enfermedad renal crónica y nefritis lúpica. La frecuencia de daño de órgano blanco fue de 86%, el fondo de ojo era anormal en 8%, 46% tenía hipertrofia ventricular izquierda por electrocardiograma y 58% por ecocardiograma, 78% tenía alteración de la arquitectura normal renal por ecografía, 57% presentaba creatininemia elevada, 76% trazas de proteínas en orina tomada al azar y 80% proteinuria de 24 hs elevada. Conclusión: la forma prevalente de hipertensión arterial en los adultos jóvenes estudiados fue la secundaria, con leve predominio del sexo masculino, con normopeso y sin antecedente familiar. La principal causa fue la enfermedad renal parenquimatosa. Más de la mitad de los casos presentó hipertrofia ventricular izquierda y proteinuria elevada.

ABSTRACT Introduction: High blood pressure is the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Its detection in young adults makes necessary to look for a secondary and potentially correctable cause. Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics of arterial hypertension in adults under 30 years of age who attended the Hospital Nacional of Itauguá, Paraguay, in the period 2019-2021. Subjects and methods: Retrospective observational cross-sectional descriptive study which included 50 patients between 18 and 30 years of age with arterial hypertension. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National University of Itapúa, Paraguay. Results: The mean age was 23±4 years, most patients were from urban areas, 58% was male and had a low educational level. The mean body mass index was 23.5±5 k/m2 and 58% had no family history of arterial hypertension. The mean blood pressure values were 150 mmHg for systolic and 100 mmHg for diastolic. Secondary arterial hypertension was detected in 86% of the sample. The most frequent etiology was parenchymal kidney disease (86%), of which 89% had chronic kidney disease and lupus nephritis. The frequency of target organ damage was 86%, the eye fundus was abnormal in 8%, 46% had left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram and 58% by echocardiogram, 78% had abnormal renal architecture by ultrasound, 57% had elevated creatininemia, 76% trace protein in randomly collected urine, and 80% elevated 24-hour proteinuria. Conclusion: The prevalent form of arterial hypertension in the young adults studied was secondary, with a slight predominance of males, with normal weight and without family history. The main cause was renal parenchymal disease. More than half of the cases presented left ventricular hypertrophy and high proteinuria.

RESUMEN Introducción: las infecciones relacionadas a catéteres utilizados en hemodiálisis constituyen una de las causas de morbimortalidad más frecuentes. No se dispone de estudios previos en el Paraguay que demuestren la diferencia entre tratamiento empírico y dirigido de infección relacionada a catéter de hemodiálisis Objetivo: determinar la evolución clínica del tratamiento empírico de la infección relacionada a catéter versus el tratamiento dirigido en pacientes adultos. Material y métodos: se aplicó un diseño observacional, retrospectivo, de corte transversal que incluyó 128 pacientes internados en el Hospital Nacional, Itauguá, Paraguay, durante los años 2020 y 2021. Fueron divididos en grupos de tratamiento dirigido (64 pacientes) y empírico (64 pacientes). Resultados: la edad media fue 52 ± 14 años. El acceso vascular yugular fue el más utilizado (78,91%). Se observó que el transcurso de días entre la colocación de catéter de hemodiálisis hasta su infección fue 16 ± 7,6 días. El crecimiento microbiano predominante en ambos grupos fue de cocos gram positivos (84,37%). S. aureus se aisló en 84,31% del grupo tratamiento dirigido y en 15,68% del grupo con tratamiento empírico. El grupo antibiótico más utilizado en ambos grupos fueron los glucopéptidos (77,34%) y la combinación más utilizada fue ciprofloxacina con vancomicina tanto en el grupo dirigido (37,5%) como en el empírico (31,25%). El desenlace curación de infección se observó en 90,62% en el grupo de tratamiento empírico y en 82,81% en el grupo dirigido. La frecuencia de sepsis fue 17,18% en el grupo empírico y 32,8% en grupo dirigido. La mortalidad fue 9,37% en grupo empírico y 14,06% en grupo dirigido. Conclusión: el germen más prevalente fue S. aureus. La curación de infección relacionada a catéter fue más frecuente en el grupo empírico, la mortalidad y sepsis predominaron en el grupo dirigido.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Infections related to catheters used in hemodialysis are one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality. There are no previous studies in Paraguay that demonstrate the difference between empirical and directed treatment of hemodialysis catheter-related infection. Objective: To determine the clinical course of empirical treatment versus targeted treatment of catheter-related infection in adult patients. Material and methods: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional design was applied including 128 patients admitted to the Hospítal Nacional of Itauguá, Paraguay, during the years 2020 and 2021. They were divided into directed (64 patients) and empirical (64 patients) treatment groups. Results: The mean age was 52 ± 14 years. The jugular vascular access was the most used (78.91%). It was observed that the time between hemodialysis catheter placement and infection was 16±7.6 days. The predominant microbial growth in both groups was gram-positive cocci (84.37%). S. aureus was isolated in 84.31% of the directed treatment group and in 15.68% of the empirical treatment group. The most used antibiotic group in both groups were glycopeptides (77.34%) and the most used combination was ciprofloxacin with vancomycin, both in the targeted group (37.5%) and in the empirical group (31.25%). The outcome of infection cure was observed in 90.62% in the empirical treatment group and in 82.81% in the directed group. The frequency of sepsis was 17.18% in the empirical group and 32.8% in the directed group. Mortality was 9.37% in the empirical group and 14.06% in the directed group. Conclusion: The most prevalent germ was S. aureus. Cure of catheter-related infection was more frequent in the empiric group, while mortality and sepsis predominated in the directed group.

Resumen: Introducción: La ciclofosfamida es un fármaco de la familia de agentes alquilantes utilizada como antineoplásico e inmunodepresor. Es un fármaco muy tóxico y tiene muchos efec tos adversos por lo que, dentro de las enfermedades autoinmunes, se reserva a aquellos con afectación severa para inducir la remisión de la enfermedad. Objetivos: Determinar los efectos adversos relacionados a la infusión endovenosa de ciclofosfamida en pacientes del Hospital Nacional, Itauguá, periodo 2020-2021. Métodos: Se realizó estudio prospectivo, observacional, descriptivo. Los datos se obtuvieron de una encuesta realizada a los pacientes al momento del reclutamiento y se extrapolaron a una planilla Excel y analizados mediante el programa estadístico EPI INFO 7. Resultados: La muestra estuvo compuesta de 70 pacientes, con edad media de 38±15 años, 44 (63%) fueron mujeres, 51 (73%) recibió como tratamiento inmunosupresor en enfermedades autoinmunes y 19 (27%) como tratamiento antineoplásico. Las comorbilidades detectadas fueron hipertensión arterial en 37 pacientes (47%), diabetes mellitus en 1 paciente (1%) y asma bronquial en 2 pacientes (3%). Presentaron efectos adversos 51 pacientes (73%), se identificaron 82 eventos adversos, los cuales fueron hiponatremia en 25 (36%), taquicardia en 19 (27%, náuseas en 18 (26%), leucopenia en 15 (20%), y prolongación del QTc en 5 (7%). Conclusión: Predominó el sexo femenino con edad media de 38 años. El efecto adverso más frecuente fue hiponatremia, siendo severa en 3 pacientes. Los demás efectos adversos fueron la taquicardia, leucopenia, prolongación del QTc y náuseas.

Abstract: Introduction: Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is an alkylating agent used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressant. In view of its toxicity and adverse safety profile, amid autoimmune diseases, it is reserved for remission induction in those with high disease activity or end organ damage. Objectives: To determine the adverse effects related to the intravenous infusion of CYC in patients of the Hospital Nacional de Itauguá between the years 2020 and 2021. Methods: A prospective, observational, descriptive study was carried out. Data was obtained from a survey filled by patients at the time of recruitment. Later, it was extrapolated to an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using the statistical program EPI INFO 7. Results: The sample consisted of 70 patients, with a mean age of 38±15 years, 44 (63%) were women. 51 (73%) received CYC as immunosuppressive treatment in autoimmune diseases and 19 (27%) as antineoplastic treatment. The comorbidities detected were arterial hypertension in 37 patients (47%), diabetes mellitus in 1 patient (1%) and asthma in 2 patients (3%). 51 patients (73%) presented adverse effects. 82 adverse events were identified: hyponatremia in 25 (36%) patients, tachycardia in 19 (27%), nausea in 18 (26%), leukopenia in 15 (20%), and QTc prolongation in 5 (7%). Conclusion: Patients were predominantly women, with a mean age of 38 years. The most frequent adverse effect was hyponatremia, which was severe in 3 patients. Other adverse effects identified were tachycardia, leukopenia, QTc prolongation and nausea.

RESUMO O presente estudo foi desenvolvido no Centro de Educação Infantil em Brasília, no Distrito Federal, com crianças e baseado na expressão corporal no contexto de pertencimento da infância. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a expressão corporal baseada na escuta musical e na representação e expressão corporais das crianças da Educação Infantil, baseada na relação entre a caixinha de música e a livre expressão como forma de linguagem e de comunicação. Em relação à metodologia utilizada, foi um estudo qualitativo-descritivo com o registro da expressão corporal de cada criança. Participaram das atividades crianças na faixa etária média de cinco anos do Jardim II - Turma com 18 crianças (horário vespertino) de Educação Infantil, após autorização dos responsáveis. Como conclusão observou-se que ao contemplar a livre expressão do corpo infantil, ao se expressar, a criança poderá se desenvolver de forma mais plena e alegre, possibilitando relacionar a dimensão externa com os estímulos apresentados e com a dimensão interna, ou seja, o que ela é a partir dos sentidos e significados de sua identidade, ampliando seu senso de pertencimento.

ABSTRACT This study was conducted at the Children’s Education Center, in Brasilia Federal District, with children and it was based on body language in the context that belongs to childhood. The aim of the study was to assess the body language based on musical listening and representation and bodily expression of children from kindergarten, based on the relationship between the music box and the free expression as a form of language and communication. Regarding the methodology used, it was a qualitative-descriptive study with the registration of the body language of each child. Children who participated in the activities were at an average age of five years - Kindergarten II - Class with 18 children (in the afternoon) of Early Childhood Education, after parental consent. As a conclusion it was observed that when contemplating the free expression of the children’s bodies, when they express themselves they may develop more fully and joyfully, making it possible to relate the external dimension with the stimulus and the internal dimension, feeling what they are from the senses and meanings of their identities and increasing their sense of belonging.

INTRODUÇÃO: O citomegalovírus humano (HCMV), causador de infecção latente, reativa com frequência em pacientes imunossuprimidos. Portanto, o HCMV permanece uma das infecções mais comuns após transplantes de órgãos sólidos e de células hematopoiéticas resultando em significativa morbidade, perda do enxerto e ocasional mortalidade. Assim, o diagnóstico precoce para uma terapia preventiva é de grande importância. Este estudo visa comparar o desempenho dos métodos PCR qualitativo in-house e antigenemia pp65 para o diagnóstico de infecção por CMV em pacientes imunossuprimidos do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado em 216 amostras de sangue total (EDTA) coletadas de 85 pacientes, entre agosto de 2006 e janeiro de 2007. RESULTADOS: Dentre as 216 amostras analisadas, 81 (37,5%) amostras apresentaram resultados positivos na PCR, enquanto 48 (22,2%) apresentaram resultados positivos na antigenemia. A sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo e valor preditivo negativo para a PCR, considerando antigenemia como padrão foram 87,5%, 76,8%, 51,8% e 95,5%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: Estes resultados demonstraram que a PCR tem alta sensibilidade e valor preditivo negativo. Consequentemente PCR é especialmente indicada para o diagnóstico inicial de infecção por HCMV. No caso da estratégia de terapia preventiva, a identificação de pacientes com alto risco para a doença por HCMV é fundamental e a PCR pode ser uma ferramenta útil.

INTRODUCTION: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is often reactive in latently infected immunosuppressed patients. Accordingly, HCMV remains one of the most common infections following solid organ and hemopoietic stem cell transplantations, resulting in significant morbidity, graft loss and occasional mortality. The early diagnosis of HCMV disease is important in immunosuppressed patients, since in these individuals, preemptive treatment is useful. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of the in-house qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pp65 antigenemia to HCMV infection in immunosuppressed patients in the Hospital de Clínicas of Porto Alegre (HCPA). METHODS: A total of 216 blood samples collected between August 2006 and January 2007 were investigated. RESULTS: Among the samples analyzed, 81 (37.5%) were HCMV-positive by PCR, while 48 (22.2%) were positive for antigenemia. Considering antigenemia as the gold standard, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values for PCR were 87.5%, 76.8%, 51.8% and 95.5% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that qualitative PCR has high sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV). Consequently PCR is especially indicated for the initial diagnosis of HCMV infection. In the case of preemptive treatment strategy, identification of patients at high-risk for HCMV disease is fundamental and PCR can be useful tool.

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic approaches in pediatric populations are based on adult data because there is a lack of appropriate data for children. Consequently, there are many controversies regarding the proper treatment of pediatric patients. OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to evaluate patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma diagnosed before 20 years of age and to determine the factors associated with the response to the initial therapy. METHODS: Sixty-five patients, treated in two tertiary-care referral centers in Rio de Janeiro between 1980 and 2005 were evaluated. Information about clinical presentation and the response to initial treatment was analyzed and patients had their risk stratified in Tumor-Node- Metastasis; Age-Metastasis-Extracapsular-Size; distant Metastasis-Age-Completeness of primary tumor resection-local Invasion-Size and American-Thyroid-Association classification RESULTS: Patients ages ranged from 4 to 20 years (median 14). The mean follow-up was 12,6 years. Lymph node metastasis was found in 61.5% and indicated a poor response to initial therapy, with a significant impact on time for achieving disease free status (p = 0.014 for response to initial therapy and p<0,0001 for disease-free status in follow-up). Distant metastasis was a predictor of a poor response to initial therapy in these patients (p = 0.014). The risk stratification systems we analyzed were useful for high-risk patients because they had a high sensitivity and negative predictive value in determining the response to initial therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Metastases, both lymph nodal and distant, are important predictors of the persistence of disease after initial therapy in children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid cancer.

OBJETIVO: Verificar a pressão intra-ocular (Po) em indivíduos usuários de análogos de prostaglandina, prostamida ou beta-bloqueador em portadores de glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto ou hipertensão ocular após leitura, exercício e exercício sob leitura. MÉTODOS: Quarenta indivíduos (79 olhos), subdivididos em 5 grupos: G1 (portadores de hipertensão arterial e glaucoma ou hipertensão ocular usando análogos de prostaglandinas ou prostamidas); G2 (portadores de hipertensão arterial e glaucoma ou hipertensão ocular usando beta-bloqueador); G3 (indivíduos sem hipertensão arterial e portadores de glaucoma ou hipertensão ocular em uso de análogos de prostaglandinas ou prostamidas); G4 (indivíduos sem hipertensão arterial e portadores de glaucoma ou hipertensão ocular em uso de beta-bloqueador) e G5 (indivíduos sem hipertensão arterial e sem glaucoma ou hipertensão ocular), tiveram a pressão intra-ocular verificada antes e após realizarem leitura, exercício e exercício sob leitura. Cada teste foi realizado em dia distinto e sempre no período vespertino. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na média da pressão intra-ocular inicial e final nos diferentes grupos do estudo quando submetidos à leitura, exercício e exercício sob leitura. CONCLUSÃO: Ler e fazer exercícios individualmente ou concomitantemente, não representa fator de agravo da pressão intra-ocular em portadores de glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto ou hipertensão ocular em usuários de análogos de prostaglandinas ou prostamidas ou beta-bloqueador.

PURPOSE: To check intraocular pressure (IOP) in individuals using prostaglandin, prostamide or beta-blocker analogues, who sustain either primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension after reading, exercise or exercise combined with reading. METHODS: 40 individuals (79 eyes), subdivided in to five groups: G1 (with arterial hypertension and either glaucoma or ocular hypertension, all users of prostaglandin or prostamide analogues); G2 (with arterial hypertension and either glaucoma or ocular hypertension, all users of beta-blockers); G3 (not sustaining arterial hypertension but suffering from either glaucoma or ocular hypertension, all users of prostaglandin or prostamide analogues); G4 (not sustaining arterial hypertension but suffering from either glaucoma or ocular hypertension, all users of beta-blockers) and G5 (not sustaining arterial hypertension and also not suffering from either glaucoma or ocular hypertension) had their intraocular pressure checked before and after undergoing reading, exercise, and exercise combined with reading. Each type of test was conducted in a different day, always in the afternoon. RESULTS: No significant statistical difference has been noticed between the initial and final intraocular pressure mean in the different groups, when reading, performing exercises or exercises combined with reading. CONCLUSION: To read and to work out - either separately or jointly - does not pose an aggravating factor to the intraocular pressure of patients with primary open glaucoma or ocular hypertension, using prostaglandin, prostamide or beta-blocker analogues.