ABSTRACT Wild birds have great prominence in the transmission of diseases to humans, mainly due to their ease of access to human populations, raising concerns about the potential impact of that proximity on public health. The present study reports ARV and PBV occurrence in wild birds from an environmental protection area in the Amazon biome, in Pará state, Brazil. We obtained 155 fecal specimens from 47 species of wild birds for RNA extraction, ARV and PBV detection utilizing molecular methods, nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. ARV prevalence was 0.6% (1/155), being positive in an individual of Myrmotherula longipennis, and PBV prevalence was 1.29% (2/155), affecting two individuals of Guira guira. The PBV strains were assigned to genogroup I based on phylogenetic analysis, and they shared a strong phylogenetic link with strains isolated from different geographic locations. The ARV strain was more closely related to strains that had previously circulated in the same region. The presence of ARV and PBV in this habitat suggests that infection cycles of these agents occur naturally in the wild ecosystem, potentially triggering transmission events between bird species and humans. This is the first study on ARV detection in wild birds in Brazil and the first report on the occurrence of PBV in wild Guira guira. Additional studies are required to determine the epidemiology, origin, evolution, and emergence of new potentially pathogenic viruses in the Amazon.

RESUMO As aves silvestres têm grande destaque na transmissão de doenças ao homem, principalmente pela facilidade de acesso à população humana, levantando preocupações sobre o potencial impacto dessa proximidade no contexto da saúde pública. O presente estudo relata a ocorrência de ARV e PBV em aves silvestres de uma área de proteção ambiental no bioma Amazônico. Obtivemos 155 espécimes fecais de 47 espécies de aves silvestres, que foram submetidos a extração de RNA, detecção de ARV e PBV por técnicas moleculares, sequenciamento nucleotídico e análise filogenética. A prevalência de infecção por ARV foi 0,6% (1/155), sendo positivo em um indivíduo de Myrmotherula longipennis, e a prevalência de PBV foi 1,29% (2/155), afetando dois insdivíduos de Guira guira. A análise filogenética agrupou as cepas de PBV no genogrupo I, mostrando intensa relação filogenética com cepas isoladas de outras regiões geográficas. A cepa de ARV esteve mais relacionada filogeneticamente a cepas previamente circulantes na mesma região. Este é o primeiro estudo sobre detecção de ARV em aves silvestres no Brasil e o primeiro relato sobre a ocorrência de PBV em Guira guira. A circulação de ARV e PBV nesse ambiente demonstra que os ciclos desses agentes estão ocorrendo de forma natural no ecossistema silvestre, o que pode desencadear possíveis eventos de transmissão entre as espécies aviárias e humanos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para determinar a epidemiologia, origem, evolução e surgimento de novos vírus potencialmente patogênicos na Amazônia.

Abstract Objective: to describe mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to laryngeal cancer attributable to occupational and behavioral risk factors in Brazil. Methods: this is an ecological study with data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease. Mortality and DALY rates for laryngeal cancer attributable to occupational (sulfuric acid and asbestos) and behavioral (tobacco and alcohol) risks were obtained from 1990 and 2019. Results: in 2019, the mortality rate from laryngeal cancer attributable to occupational hazards (sulfuric acid and asbestos) totaled 0.28 (95%UI: 0.17; 0.43) and 0.03 (95%UI: 0.02; 0.04), whereas and DALY rates, 7.33 (95%UI: 4.28; 11.44) and 0.64 (95%UI: 0.35; 0.03) in men and women in Brazil, respectively. Sulfuric acid configured the main occupational risk for the disease. The rates attributable to tobacco (mortality: −45.83%; DALYs: −47.36%) and occupational hazards (mortality: −23.20%; DALYs: −26.31%) decreased in Brazil but increased in some Northern and Northeastern states. Conclusion: laryngeal cancer mortality and burden attributable to occupational factors decreased in the period (although less than that for smoking), reinforcing the importance of actions to reduce the impact of occupational risks, such as the regulatory measures applied to tobacco.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever a mortalidade e os anos de vida ajustados pela incapacidade disability-adjusted life years – DALYs) para câncer de laringe no Brasil atribuíveis a fatores de risco ocupacionais e comportamentais. Métodos: estudo ecológico com dados do estudo Global Burden of Disease 2019. Foram obtidas taxas de mortalidade e de DALYs para o câncer de laringe atribuíveis aos riscos ocupacionais (ácido sulfúrico e amianto) e comportamentais (tabaco e álcool), de 1990 e 2019. Resultados: no Brasil, em 2019, a taxa de mortalidade por câncer de laringe atribuível aos riscos ocupacionais (ácido sulfúrico e amianto) foi 0,28 (II95%: 0,17;0,43) no sexo masculino e 0,03 (II95%: 0,02;0,04) no feminino, e a de DALYs foi 7,33 (II95%: 4,28;11,44) e 0,64 (II95%: 0,35;0,03), respectivamente. O ácido sulfúrico foi o principal risco ocupacional para a doença. Houve redução das taxas atribuíveis ao tabaco (mortalidade:-45,83%; DALYs:-47,36%) e aos riscos ocupacionais (mortalidade:-23,20%; DALYs:-26,31%), no Brasil, com aumento em alguns estados das regiões Norte e Nordeste. Conclusão: houve redução na mortalidade e na carga do câncer de laringe atribuível aos fatores ocupacionais no período, porém menor em comparação ao tabagismo, reforçando a importância de ações para reduzir o impacto dos riscos ocupacionais, como as medidas regulatórias aplicadas ao tabaco.

Abstract Objective To assess the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of misoprostol in the treatment of incomplete miscarriage. Data sources The PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials databases (clinicaltrials.gov) were searched for the relevant articles, and search strategies were developed using a combination of thematic Medical Subject Headings terms and text words. The last search was conducted on July 4, 2022. No language restrictions were applied. Selection of studies Randomized clinical trials with patients of gestational age up to 6/7 weeks with a diagnosis of incomplete abortion and who were managed with at least 1 of the 3 types of treatment studied were included. A total of 8,087 studies were screened. Data collection Data were synthesized using the statistical package Review Manager V.5.1 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom). For dichotomous outcomes, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived for each study. Heterogeneity between the trial results was evaluated using the standard test, I2 statistic. Data synthesis When comparing misoprostol with medical vacuum aspiration (MVA), the rate of complete abortion was higher in the MVA group (OR = 0.16; 95%CI = 0.07–0.36). Hemorrhage or heavy bleeding was more common in the misoprostol group (OR = 3.00; 95%CI = 1.96–4.59), but pain after treatment was more common in patients treated with MVA (OR = 0.65; 95%CI = 0.52–0.80). No statistically significant differences were observed in the general acceptability of the treatments. Conclusion Misoprostol has been determined as a safe option with good acceptance by patients.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia, segurança e aceitabilidade do misoprostol no tratamento do aborto incompleto. Fontes de dados Os bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library e bancos de dados de Ensaios Clínicos (clinicaltrials.gov) foram pesquisados para os artigos relevantes, e estratégias de busca foram desenvolvidas usando uma combinação de termos temáticos de Medical Subject Headings e palavras de texto. A última pesquisa foi realizada em 4 de julho de 2022. Nenhuma restrição de idioma foi aplicada. Seleção dos estudos Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados com pacientes com idade gestacional até 6/7 semanas com diagnóstico de aborto incompleto e que foram manejadas com pelo menos um dos três tipos de tratamento estudados. Um total de 8.087 estudos foram selecionados. Coleta de dados Os dados foram sintetizados usando o pacote estatístico Review Manager V.5.1 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom). Para resultados dicotômicos, o odds ratio (OR, na sigla em inglês) e o intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95% foram derivados para cada estudo. A heterogeneidade entre os resultados do ensaio foi avaliada usando o teste padrão, estatística I2. Síntese dos dados Ao comparar misoprostol com aspiração a vácuo médico (MVA, na sigla em inglês), a taxa de aborto completo foi maior no grupo MVA (OR = 0,16; IC95% = 0,07–0,36). Hemorragia ou sangramento intenso foi mais comum no grupo do misoprostol (OR = 3,00; 95%CI = 1,96–4,59), mas a dor após o tratamento foi mais comum em pacientes tratados com MVA (OR = 0,65; 95%CI = 0,52–0,80). Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na aceitabilidade geral dos tratamentos. Conclusão O misoprostol tem se mostrado uma opção segura e com boa aceitação pelos pacientes.

Abstract Introduction: This study aimed to assess the clinical, economic, and humanistic impact of short-bowel syndrome/chronic intestinal failure (SBS/CIF) in Portugal. Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter cohort chart review study, with a cross-sectional component for quality-of-life (QoL) evaluation. Inclusion criteria comprised patients with SBS/CIF, aged ≥1 year, with stable parenteral nutrition (PN). Data collection included patient chart review over a 12-month period and patient/caregiver self-report and SF-36/PedsQL™ questionnaires. Main endpoints comprised clinical and PN characterization, healthcare resource use (HRU), direct costs, and patient QoL. Results: Thirty-one patients were included (11 adults and 20 children). Patients’ mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 57.9 (14.3) years in adults and 7.5 (5.0) years in children, with a mean time since diagnosis of 10.2 (5.9) and 6.6 (4.2) years, respectively. PN was administered for a mean of 5.2 and 6.6 days/week in adults and children, respectively; home PN occurred in 81.8% of adults and 90.0% of children for a mean of 9.6 and 10.8 months/year, respectively. The mean annual number of hospitalizations was 1.9 and 2.0 which lasted for a mean of 34.0 and 29.4 days in adults and children, respectively. Twenty-one and forty hospitalization episodes were reported in adults and children, respectively, of which 71.4% and 85.0% were due to catheter-related complications. Mean annual direct costs per patient amounted to 47,857.53 EUR in adults and 74,734.50 EUR in children, with PN and hospitalizations as the main cost-drivers. QoL assessment showed a clinically significant impaired physical component in adults and a notable deterioration in the school functioning domain in children. Conclusion: In Portugal, SBS/CIF patient management is characterized by a substantial therapeutic burden and HRU, translating into high direct costs and a substantial impairment of the adults’ physical function and children’s school functioning.

Resumo Introdução: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto clínico, económico e social da síndrome do intestino curto/falência intestinal crónica (SIC/FIC) em Portugal. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo e multicêntrico de revisão dos processos clínicos incluindo uma componente transversal para avaliação da qualidade de vida (QV). Os critérios de elegibilidade incluíram doentes com SIC/FIC, idade ≥1 ano, em nutrição parenteral (NP) e clinicamente estáveis. A recolha de dados incluiu a revisão dos processos clínicos ao longo de um período de 12 meses e a aplicação de questionários auto-administrados a doentes e cuidadores e de questionários de QV (SF-36/ PedsQL™). Os indicadores principais foram a caracterização clínica e da NP, a utilização de recursos de saúde, custos diretos e QV dos doentes. Resultados: Foram incluídos 31 doentes (11 adultos e 20 crianças). A idade média (desvio padrão: DP) foi de 57.9 (14.3) anos nos adultos e de 7.5 (5.0) nas crianças com um tempo médio desde o diagnóstico de 10.2 (5.9) e 6.6 (4.2) anos, respetivamente. A NP foi administrada durante uma média de 5.2 e 6.6 dias por semana, em adultos e crianças respetivamente, em 81.8% e 90.0% dos adultos/crianças foi feita em casa durante uma média de 9.6 ou 10.8 meses por ano, respetivamente. O número médio anual de hospitalizações foi de 1.9 (1.6) e 2.0 (1.5) com uma duração média de 34.0 (47.4) e 29.4 (32.3) dias, em adultos e crianças, respetivamente. Foram reportados 21 e 40 episódios de hospitalização em adultos/crianças, dos quais 71.4% e 85.0% foram devido a complicações relacionadas ao uso de cateter. Os custos diretos anuais médios por doente ascenderam a 47,857.53 EUR nos adultos e a 74,734.50 EUR nas crianças, sendo que os maiores responsáveis foram a NP e as hospitalizações. A avaliação da QV mostrou um comprometimento clinicamente significativo da componente física nos adultos e uma deterioração relevante da dimensão escolar nas crianças. Conclusões: A gestão dos doentes com SIC/FIC em Portugal é caracterizada por uma sobrecarga substancial a nível terapêutico e de utilização de recursos de saúde, o que se traduz em elevados custos diretos e comprometimento substancial da componente física nos adultos e do desempenho escolar nas crianças.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Knowledge of clinical and laboratory differences between chromosomal and undefined causes aids etiological research on non-obstructive azoospermia. OBJECTIVE: Compare clinical and laboratory differences between men with non-obstructive azoospermia due to chromosomal anomalies versus undefined causes DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional retrospective study conducted at a public university hospital in Campinas (Brazil) METHODS: All men aged 20–40 years with non-obstructive azoospermia were included in the analysis. RESULTS: The 107 cases included 14 with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) (13%), 1 with mosaic KS, 4 with sex development disorders (2 testicular XX, 1 NR5A1 gene mutation, and 1 mild androgen insensitivity syndrome) (4%), 9 with other non-obstructive azoospermia etiologies (8%), and 79 with undefined causes. The 22 chromosomal anomaly cases (14 KS, 1 mosaic KS, 2 testicular XX, 4 sex chromosome anomalies, and 1 autosomal anomaly) were compared with the 79 undefined cause cases. The KS group had lower average testicular volume, shorter penile length, and lower total testosterone levels but greater height, arm span, serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and gynecomastia frequency (absent in the undefined group and affecting more than half of the KS group). Patients with testicular XX DSD had LH, FSH, and penile length data intermediate between the KS and undefined cause groups, testicular volume similar to the KS group, and other data similar to the undefined group. CONCLUSION: Clinical and laboratory data differentiate men with non-obstructive azoospermia and chromosomal anomalies, particularly KS and testicular XX, from those with undefined causes or other chromosomal anomalies.

Abstract Few long-term studies assess the discoloration induced by hydraulic calcium silicate-based cement on dental structures. In addition, as far as we know, no long-term study has assessed the discoloration induced by these cement on composite resin. Objective This in vitro study aimed to assess, during a period of two years, the discoloration potential of different hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements (hCSCs) on the enamel/dentin structure and composite resin restoration. Methodology A total of 40 enamel/dentin discs were obtained from bovine incisors, and 40 composite resin discs (10 mm in diameter × 2 mm thick) were fabricated. A 0.8 mm-deep cavity was made in the center of each disc and filled with the following hCSCs (n=10): Original MTA (Angelus); MTA Repair HP (Angelus); NeoMTA Plus (Avalon); and Biodentine (Septodont). An initial color measurement was performed (T0 - baseline). After 7, 15, 30, 45, 90, 300 days, and two years, new color measurements were performed to determine the color (ΔE00), lightness (ΔL’), chroma (ΔC’), hue differences (ΔH’), and whiteness index (WID). Results For enamel/dentin, the ΔE00 was significant among groups and periods (p<0.05). NeoMTA Plus had the greatest ΔE00. The NeoMTA Plus group had the greatest ΔE00 after two years for composite resin. Significant reduction in lightness was observed for all groups after two years (p<0.05). The most significant WID values were observed after 30 days for Biodentine (enamel/dentin) and MTA Repair HP groups (composite resin) (p<0.05). Conclusions The hCSCs changed the colorimetric behavior of both substrates, leading to greater darkening over time. The Bi2O3 in the Original MTA seems relevant in the short periods of color change assessment.

Abstract The COVID-19 health emergency that began in 2019 continues, to this day, to affect a large percentage of the world population. In order to deter its progress, countries have generated various health protocol strategies, including the readjustment of their educational systems. Thus, face-to-face learning was replaced with online classes, and teaching staff were tasked with generating the adjustments necessary to provide continuity to learning processes — at least, to the extent to which their contexts allowed them to. The complexity of this task has called for leaders whose practices, in tandem with all members of the educational community, may invigorate the pedagogical, management and communicational processes involved, as this ever-evolving context demands. This article presents the construction of meanings and leadership practices of 5 leaders in early child educational centers in Chile during the years 2020 and 2021. We worked under a comprehensive-interpretive paradigm, a qualitative approach, and a grounded theory situated design. Our data collection instrument were narrative interviews. We studied the data through content analysis and using the software ATLAS.ti 9.0. The findings here presented highlight the importance of leadership practices in educational work and show some characteristics of early childhood education, a level of education at which leadership processes are located and tend towards care, the distribution of tasks, and trust.

Resumen La emergencia sanitaria ha permanecido activa afectando a gran porcentaje de la población mundial. Los países han generado diversas estrategias con la finalidad de frenar su avance a través de protocolos sanitarios, junto con la readecuación de los sistemas educativos. Las clases presenciales se trasladaron a una modalidad on-line, donde el profesorado de acuerdo con sus contextos generó las adecuaciones que aportaron continuidad a los procesos. La complejidad de esta tarea requiere de líderes cuyas prácticas permitan dinamizar los procesos pedagógicos, de gestión y comunicación con todos los miembros de la comunidad educativa en congruencia con los cambiantes acontecimientos. Este artículo presenta la construcción de significados y prácticas de liderazgo utilizadas por cinco líderes de Salas Cuna y Jardines Infantiles públicos en Chile durante los años 2020 y 2021. Para ello se trabajó bajo un paradigma comprensivo- interpretativo; un enfoque cualitativo y un diseño situado en la Teoría Fundamentada. Como instrumento de recolección de datos se utilizaron entrevistas narrativas. El estudio de los datos fue realizado a través de análisis de contenido y mediante la utilización del Software Atlas.ti versión 9.0. Los hallazgos presentados relevan la importancia de las prácticas de liderazgo en el trabajo educativo. Igualmente muestra las características propias del nivel de educación parvularia, donde los procesos de liderazgo son situados y propenden al cuidado, la distribución de tareas y la confianza.

ABSTRACT. The influence of harvest method on proximate composition, protein oxidation, and texture profile of beef from Nellore cattle were investigated. Longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles were obtained from twelve grain-fed Nellore carcasses. The animals were slaughtered after stunning (STU; n=6) or without stunning (WST; n=6) and after 24 hours postmortem, the LL was sliced into 2.54-cm steaks, packed under aerobic conditions, and stored at 4°C for nine days. Proximate composition was analyzed on day 0, whereas protein oxidation (carbonyl content) and texture profile (hardness, chewiness, cohesiveness, and springiness) were evaluated on days 0, 3, 6, and 9. STU and WST steaks exhibited similar proximate composition, hardness, and chewiness (p > 0.05). WST steaks exhibited greater protein oxidation and lower cohesiveness than their STU counterparts on day 0 (p < 0.05). Concerning the storage period, WST steaks demonstrated a decrease in springiness and a more pronounced increase in cohesiveness than their STU counterparts (p < 0.05). These results indicated that the harvest method influenced LL protein oxidation and texture profile from Bos indicus cattle.

ABSTRACT Objective To compare the sociodemographic and clinico-functional characteristics of patients admitted to a stroke unit immediately before and during two different COVID-19 pandemic phases. Methods This exploratory study was conducted in the stroke unit of a public hospital in Brazil. Patients consecutively admitted to a stroke unit for 18 months with primary stroke aged ≥20 years were included and divided into three groups: G1: Pre-pandemic; G2: Early pandemic; and G3: Late pandemic. The sociodemographic and clinico-functional characteristics of the groups were compared (α=0.05). Results The study included 383 individuals (G1=124; G2=151; G3=108). The number of risk factors (higher in G2; p≤0.001), smoking (more common in G2; p≤0.01), type of stroke (ischemic more common in G3; p=0.002), stroke severity (more severe in G2; p=0.02), and level of disability (more severe in G2: p≤0.01) were significantly different among the groups. Conclusion A greater number of serious events and risk factors including smoking and higher level of disability was observed in patients in the beginning of the pandemic than in the late phases. Only the occurrence of ischemic stroke increased in the late phase. Therefore, these individuals may have an increased need for rehabilitation services monitoring and care during their lifespan. Additionally, these results indicate that health promotion and prevention services should be strengthened for future health emergencies.

ABSTRACT Health care workers (HCW) are the frontline workforce for COVID-19 patient care and, consequently, are exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection due to close contact to infected patients. Here, we evaluate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCW from an infectious disease hospital, reference center for COVID-19 care in the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo city, Brazil. Among 2,204 HCW, 1,417 (64.29%) were subjected to detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Out of the total, 271 (19.12%) presented anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Prevalence varied according to HCW categories. The highest prevalence was observed in workers from outsourced companies, cooks and kitchen assistants, hospital cleaning workers, and maintenance workers. On the other hand, resident physicians and HCW from the institution itself presented lower prevalence (nurses, nursing assistants, physicians, laboratory technicians). Social and environmental factors are important determinants, associated with exposure in the hospital environment, which can determine the greater or lesser risk of infection by pathogens that spread rapidly by air.

Abstract The article proposes a reflection on the videoperformance Amuamas, performed by the Brazilian artist Juliana Notari in the Brazilian Amazon in 2018. We start from the epistemological premises of ecofeminism, which take the female body as an index of an association between the feminine and nature and between Mother Earth and the primary forest. This investigative practice opposes the masculine and patriarchal notion of culture, which, by proposing itself as hegemonic and universal, has for millennia positioned Woman and Nature as matters of exploitation. We outline a brief overview of the emergence of feminist art history, a field in which artist and work are inserted, denouncing the traditional narrative of history and especially of art history, which excludes those oppressed by capitalism. Next, we move on to the analysis of the work in an effort of reflection that places it as a denunciation of oppressive relations based on an idea of heterosexual coloniality of power and on the concealment of histories of violence against the Others, that is, against the female Other and the Other Nature. We conclude by reiterating that the Amuamas represent the artist’s encounter with the forest, but not only, since the forest represents all the women and all the Others, killed or oppressed by coloniality/modernity, by the white, European and Christian man.

Resumo O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a videoperformance Amuamas, feita pela artista brasileira Juliana Notari na Amazônia brasileira em 2018. Partimos das premissas epistemológicas do ecofeminismo, que pensa o corpo feminino como índice de uma associação mais ampla entre o feminino e a natureza e entre a Mãe Terra e a Mata Virgem. Essa prática investigativa opõe-se à noção masculina e patriarcal de cultura que, ao se propor hegemônica e universal, milenarmente posiciona a Mulher e a Natureza como matéria de exploração. Fazemos um breve panorama da emergência da história da arte feminista, campo no qual se inserem artista e obra e que denuncia a narrativa tradicional da história, especialmente a história da arte, que exclui os oprimidos pelo capitalismo. Em seguida, analisamos a obra num esforço de reflexão que a coloca como uma denúncia das relações de opressão baseadas na colonialidade heterossexual do poder e na ocultação de histórias de violência contra os Outros, neste caso, contra o Outro feminino e o Outro natureza. Rematamos, reiterando que as Amuamas representam o encontro da artista com a floresta, mas não só, já que a floresta representa todas as mulheres e todos os Outros, mortos ou oprimidos pela colonialidade/modernidade, pelo homem, branco, europeu, cristão.

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the self-care requirements of informal male workers in carrying out their activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the light of Orem’s theory. Method: Qualitative approach, with an exploratory descriptive nature. Data collection was conducted through a closed questionnaire, with questions that refer to the self-care requirements and semi-structured interviews, both conducted in a virtual environment. Ten men working as delivery workers and app drivers participated. Data analysis was performed using thematic content analysis. Results: The diagnosis of the self-care requirements performed by each of the interviewees was presented. Final considerations: The work performed by the participants influences the self-care requirements of the population studied, and it is possible to infer that as specializations of these requirements occur, they are no longer performed or are practiced superficially.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender los requerimientos de autocuidado de los trabajadores informales en el desempeño de sus actividades durante la pandemia de COVID-19, a la luz de la teoria de Orem. Método: Enfoque cualitativo, de carácter descriptivo exploratorio, basado en la Teoría del Autocuidado. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de um cuestionario cerrado, con preguntas que se refieren a los requisitos de autocuidado abordados por Orem y entrevistas semiestructuradas, ambas realizadas en un ambiente virtual. Participaron diez hombres activos en el trabajo informal como repartidores y choferes de aplicaciones. Análisis de datos realizado a través del análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Se presenta el diagnóstico de los tipos de requerimientos de autocuidado descritos por Orem y realizados por cada uno de los entrevistados en su cotidiano. Consideraciones finales: El trabajo desarrollado por los participantes influye mucho en los tipos de requerimientos de autocuidado de la población estudiada, y es posible inferir que a medida que ocurren especializaciones de esos requerimientos, ya no se realizan o se practican superficialmente.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os requisitos de autocuidado de homens trabalhadores informais na realização de suas atividades durante a pandemia da COVID-19, à luz da teoria de Orem. Método: Abordagem qualitativa, de cunho descritivo exploratório. Dados coletados por meio de questionário fechado, com perguntas que remetem aos requisitos de autocuidado e entrevistas semiestruturadas, ambos efetuados em ambiente virtual. Participaram dez homens atuantes no trabalho informal como entregadores e motoristas de aplicativos. A análise de dados foi realizada por meio da análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. Resultados: Apresentou-se o diagnóstico dos requisitos de autocuidado executado por cada um dos entrevistados. Considerações finais: O trabalho desenvolvido influencia os requisitos de autocuidado da população estudada, sendo possível inferir que na medida em que ocorrem as especializações destes requisitos, estes deixam de ser realizados ou são praticados de modo superficial.

Resumo Este artigo busca identificar e compreender as vozes com que se posicionam quatro experientes educadoras chilenas de escolas infantis ao abordar incidentes críticos em sua experiência profissional. Foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas de orientação narrativa, entrevistas focadas e biogramas, que serviram de base para uma análise temática utilizando ferramentas da teoria do self dialógico. Os incidentes críticos coletados situam-se temporalmente na primeira etapa de sua trajetória profissional e mostram rupturas na função do cuidado, provocando emoções de frustração, culpa e raiva. As histórias identificam tensões de identidade entre as vozes detectadas, mostrando a transição de uma educadora em formação para uma educadora profissional. narrativa biogramas dialógico situamse situam cuidado frustração raiva detectadas

Resumen La presente busca identificar y comprender las voces con las que se posicionan cuatro educadoras de párvulos chilenas experimentadas al abordar incidentes críticos en su experiencia profesional. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas de orientación narrativa, entrevistas focalizadas y biogramas, sobre las que se realizó un análisis temático utilizando herramientas de la teoría del self dialógico. Los incidentes críticos recopilados se ubican temporalmente en la primera etapa de su trayectoria profesional y muestran rupturas en la función de cuidado, provocando emociones de frustración, culpa e ira. En los relatos se identifican tensiones identitarias entre las voces detectadas, dando cuenta de la transición entre una educadora en formación a una educadora profesional. narrativa biogramas dialógico cuidado frustración ira detectadas

Abstract The present study seeks to identify and understand the voices of four experienced Chilean early childhood educators who are in dealing with critical incidents in their professional experience. Semi-structured interviews of narrative orientation, focused interviews and biograms were applied, on which a thematic analysis was conducted using tools of the dialogical self-theory. The critical incidents collected are temporally located in the first stage of their professional trajectory and show ruptures in the caregiving function, provoking emotions of frustration, guilt and anger. Identity tensions between the detected voices are identified in the stories, showing the transition from an educator in training to a professional educator. experience Semistructured Semi structured orientation applied selftheory. selftheory self theory. theory self-theory function frustration anger stories

Résumé Cet article cherche à identifier et à comprendre les voix et le positionnement de quatre éducatrices chiliennes de garderie face à des incidents critiques vécus lors de leur expérience professionnelle. Des entretiens semi-structurés de type narratif, des entretiens ciblés et des biogrammes ont été réalisés et analysés thématiquement à l’aide d’outils issus de la théorie du soi dialogique. Les incidents critiques retenus se situent chronologiquement dans la première phase de leur parcours professionnel et font état de ruptures d’attention, provoquant des émotions de frustration, de culpabilité et de colère. Dans les récits ressortent des tensions identitaires qui signalent le passage d’éducatrice en formation à celui d’éducatrice professionnelle. professionnelle semistructurés semi structurés narratif laide l aide doutils d outils dialogique dattention, dattention attention, attention d’attention frustration colère déducatrice éducatrice

Resumen: La pandemia por la COVID-19 desafió a docentes e instituciones educativas a continuar desarrollando su trabajo a pesar del cierre de sus instalaciones, lo que los llevó a buscar alternativas pedagógicas. Este artículo busca comprender cómo un grupo de educadoras de párvulos chilenas han experimentado las demandas de la pandemia en su accionar profesional. Este artículo es parte de un estudio cualitativo más amplio, de corte narrativo, y focaliza en las experiencias de seis educadoras experimentadas en ejercicio, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas estudiadas por un análisis temático. Se encontraron cuatro temas principales que constituyen desafíos para su aprendizaje profesional: (1) la incertidumbre y coexistencia de roles, (2) el dominio de las tecnologías para el aprendizaje remoto, (3) la relación con las familias, y (4) las tensiones pedagógicas en torno a la enseñanza virtual en contextos de primera infancia. Estas cuatro categorías se articulan en torno a la necesidad de formar y acompañar a las educadoras para dar mejores respuestas a la enseñanza en contextos de incertidumbre, al mismo tiempo que emerge la necesidad de reconocer el quehacer de las educadoras de párvulos para nuestra sociedad.

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic challenged teachers and educational institutions to continue developing their pedagogical work despite the closure of their facilities, seeking alternatives for it. This article seeks to understand how a group of Chilean nursery school teachers adapt their professional actions to the demands of the pandemic. This article is part of a broader qualitative study, of a narrative nature, and focuses on the experiences of six professional practicing educators, through semi-structured interviews, which were studied through a thematic analysis. Four main themes were found to constitute challenges for their professional learning: (1) uncertainty and coexistence of roles, (2) the mastery of technologies for remote learning, (3) the relationship with families and (4) pedagogical tensions around virtual teaching in early childhood contexts. These four categories are articulated around the need to train and accompany educators to provide better responses to teaching in contexts of uncertainty, while at the same time the need to recognize the work of early childhood educators for our society emerges.

Resumo: A pandemia da COVID-19 desafiou professores e instituições educacionais a continuar a desenvolver seu trabalho pedagógico apesar do fechamento de suas instalações, buscando alternativas para seu trabalho pedagógico. Este artigo procura entender como um grupo de educadores chilenos da primeira infância adaptam suas ações profissionais às exigências da pandemia. Este artigo é parte de um estudo qualitativo mais amplo, de natureza narrativa, e enfoca as experiências de seis educadores praticantes experientes por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, que foram estudadas através de uma análise temática. Quatro temas principais foram considerados como desafios para sua aprendizagem profissional: (1) incerteza e coexistência de papéis, (2) domínio de tecnologias para aprendizagem à distância; (3) relação com as famílias; e (4) tensões pedagógicas em torno do ensino virtual nos contextos da primeira infância. Estas quatro categorias são articuladas em torno da necessidade de treinar e acompanhar educadores a fim de oferecer melhores respostas ao ensino em contextos de incerteza, ao mesmo tempo em que emerge a necessidade de reconhecer o trabalho dos educadores da primeira infância para nossa sociedade.