ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Respiratory failure is the most common cause of death in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and morbidity is related to poor quality of life (QOL). Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) may be associated with prolonged survival and QOL in patients with ALS. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether NIV is effective and safe for patients with ALS in terms of survival and QOL, alerting the health system. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting standards using population, intervention, comparison, and outcome strategies. METHODS: The Cochrane Library, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE, and CRD databases were searched based on the eligibility criteria for all types of studies on NIV use in patients with ALS published up to January 2022. Data were extracted from the included studies, and the findings were presented using a narrative synthesis. RESULTS: Of the 120 papers identified, only 14 were related to systematic reviews. After thorough reading, only one meta-analysis was considered eligible. In the second stage, 248 studies were included; however, only one systematic review was included. The results demonstrated that NIV provided relief from the symptoms of chronic hypoventilation, increased survival, and improved QOL compared to standard care. These results varied according to clinical phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: NIV in patients with ALS improves the outcome and can delay the indication for tracheostomy, reducing expenditure on hospitalization and occupancy of intensive care unit beds. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO database: CRD42021279910 — https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=279910.

Abstract This work aimed to investigate the physicochemical and functional composition of bee pollen produced in different municipalities in the state of Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil (RN) and commercial samples produced in other places. To perform these experiments, samples of dehydrated bee pollen were crushed and subjected to physicochemical evaluation, instrumental color, fatty acid profile, evaluation of the presence of bioactive compounds [Total Phenolic Compounds (TPC), carotenoids] and antioxidant activity (reduction of DPPH radical). The pH of the pollen samples varied from 4.55 to 5.08, the protein from 19.01% to 29.71%, and the ash from 2.44% to 4.27%. All pollen samples showed a yellowish-red hue (a* and b* positive), and the pollen produced in Touros/RN/BR stood out with a lighter color (L* = 32.91). The pollen produced in Touros/RN/BR showed a higher (p < 0.05) percentage of saturated fatty acids (41.60%), whereas the pollen collected in Taipu/RN/BR had a higher percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (7.44%). Pollen samples showed a low concentration of Total Carotenoid Content (TCC) (0.81 to 22.82 µg/g), as well as a high content of TPC (1.79 to 2.28 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity (1.40 to 5.70 µmol TE/g) when compared with the consulted literature. According to the obtained results, we could infer that pollen samples from different locations showed variations in physicochemical composition, coloration, fatty acid profile, TPC and antioxidant activity which reflects the geographic diversity inherent to the production sites.

Abstract Background Data on post-acute COVID-19 in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) are scarce, focusing on a single disease, with variable definitions of this condition and time of vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and pattern of post-acute COVID-19 in vaccinated patients with ARD using established diagnosis criteria. Methods Retrospective evaluation of a prospective cohort of 108 ARD patients and 32 non-ARD controls, diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection (RT-PCR/antigen test) after the third dose of the CoronaVac vaccine. Post-acute COVID-19 (≥ 4 weeks and > 12 weeks of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms) were registered according to the established international criteria. Results ARD patients and non-ARD controls, balanced for age and sex, had high and comparable frequencies of ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (58.3% vs. 53.1%, p = 0.6854) and > 12 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (39.8% vs. 46.9%, p = 0.5419). Regarding ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19, frequencies of ≥ 3 symptoms were similar in ARD and non-ARD controls (54% vs. 41.2%, p = 0.7886), and this was also similar in > 12 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (68.3% vs. 88.2%, p = 0.1322). Further analysis of the risk factors for ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19 in ARD patients revealed that age, sex, clinical severity of COVID-19, reinfection, and autoimmune diseases were not associated with this condition (p > 0.05). The clinical manifestations of post-acute COVID-19 were similar in both groups (p > 0.05), with fatigue and memory loss being the most frequent manifestations. Conclusion We provide novel data demonstrating that immune/inflammatory ARD disturbances after third dose vaccination do not seem to be a major determinant of post-acute COVID-19 since its pattern is very similar to that of the general population. Clinical Trials platform (NCT04754698).

Abstract Introduction Asymptomatic patients with moderate functional capacity do not require Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) workup in the preoperative period of non-cardiac surgeries, especially when scheduled for minor and intermediate-risk surgeries. The workup is inappropriate because it promotes over diagnosing and pointless treatments. Moreover, those patients usually undergo cardiology assessment, in addition to pre-anesthetic evaluation. Objective Investigate the role of cardiology consultation as mediator in inappropriate assessment of CAD for preoperative of non-cardiac surgeries. Method Retrospective study performed in a private anesthesia service using medical charts of asymptomatic patients with a history of controlled systemic disease and moderate functional capacity, submitted to pre-anesthetic consultation for minor and intermediate risk surgeries. Cardiology consultations were identified by the presence of a consultation report by a cardiologist. CAD workup was defined as undergoing cardiac stress tests. Results We included 390 medical charts of patients with mean age of 48.6 ± 15.4 years, 67% women and 69% intermediate risk surgeries. CAD workup was infrequent and performed in 3.9% of patients. Besides, pre-anesthetic evaluation, 93 (24%) patients had a cardiology consultation. Among those patients, 15.1% were submitted to CAD workup, compared to 0.34% of patients without cardiology assessment (p< 0.001; RR = 4.4; 95% CI: 3.5–5.6). Conclusions Inappropriate testing for CAD investigation is infrequent for asymptomatic individuals submitted to minor and intermediate risk surgeries. However, cardiology consultation increases substantially the likelihood of a patient undergoing CAD workup, suggesting that, unlike the anesthesiologist, the cardiologist is a major mediator of this kind of management.

SUMMARY We performed an integrative review on the scientific literature about the use of telehealth in audiology care. Through high criteria search of published studies on the “Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde” – Virtual Health Library, PubMed, and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases, nine articles were selected. It was possible to verify that the use of telehealth in audiology is feasible and efficient, because it could promote audiological care for patients from away places. This process reaches more patients and communities by breaking down geographic barriers, and it offers a specific service not available with less cost and more quickly when compared with traditional speech therapy care.

Resumo: A ideia de desenvolvimento ganha força ao longo do século XX, a recorrente distinção entre crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico no plano histórico toma sentido a partir do entrelaçamento entre o aumento da produção e renda per capita e, ao mesmo tempo, mudanças profundas na sociedade. O tema de desenvolvimento, com enfoque para além do crescimento econômico, relacionando aspectos de qualidade de vida, sustentabilidade ambiental e equidade social e cultural, vem ganhando destaque nas discussões da área das ciências sociais. A busca por sociedades democraticamente qualificadas, atuando de forma indissociada aos interesses exclusivos da coletividade, sinaliza a necessidade de desenvolver redes de cooperação, baseadas na confiança e colaboração mútuas. Destaca-se a existência de conselhos regionais no sentido de exercer o controle social, mas também a articulação representativa e de desenvolvimento regional. Também as universidades, sobretudo as públicas, têm um compromisso social com o desenvolvimento regional; a propósito, as universidades são vetores indutores de desenvolvimento regional, conectando-se com o mundo ao mesmo tempo que se enraízam regionalmente, com efeitos na produção e no consumo da economia, que repercutem de forma multiplicadora nas estruturas espaciais, sobretudo nas cidades em que estão localizadas. Neste sentido, o estudo em tela teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento de publicações acerca da participação de universidades no processo de desenvolvimento regional, de 2008 a 2016, para analisar em quais óticas a contribuição universitária para o desenvolvimento regional vem sendo estudada. Para isso, utilizou-se a análise bibliométrica, realizada a partir da coleta de dados nas plataformas Scopus e Redalyc. Os resultados mostram que, apesar de o tema ter ganhado certa evidência no último quinquênio, ainda há carência de pesquisas que discutam com profundidade a relação das universidades como desenvolvimento regional.

Abstract: The idea of development gains strength throughout the 20th century, the recurrent distinction between growth and economic development on the historical plane makes sense from the intertwining between the increase in production and per capita income and, at the same time, profound changes in society. The development theme, with a focus beyond economic growth, relating aspects of quality of life, environmental sustainability, and social and cultural equity, has been gaining prominence in discussions in the area of social sciences. The search for democratically qualified societies, acting inseparably from the collective’s exclusive interests, signals the need to develop cooperation networks, based on mutual trust and collaboration. It is worth noting the existence of regional councils in order to exercise social control, but also the representative articulation and regional development. Universities, especially public ones, also have a social commitment to regional development; by the way, universities are vectors that induce regional development, connecting with the world while taking root regionally, with effects on the production and consumption of the economy, which have a multiplying effect on spatial structures, especially in cities where are located. In this sense, the study on screen aimed to carry out a survey of publications about the participation of universities in the regional development process, from 2008 to 2016, to analyze in which optics the university contribution to regional development has been studied. For that, we used the bibliometric analysis, performed from the data collection on Scopus and Redalyc platforms. The results show that, although the topic has gained some evidence in the last five years, there is still a lack of research that deeply discusses the relationship between universities and regional development.

Resumen: La idea del desarrollo ganó fuerza a lo largo del siglo XX, la distinción recurrente entre crecimiento y desarrollo económico en el plano histórico tiene sentido por el entrelazamiento entre el aumento de la producción y el ingreso per cápita y, al mismo tiempo, cambios profundos en la sociedad. El tema del desarrollo, con un enfoque más allá del crecimiento económico, que relaciona aspectos de calidad de vida, sostenibilidad ambiental y equidad social y cultural, ha ganado importancia en las discusiones en el área de las ciencias sociales. La búsqueda de sociedades democráticamente calificadas, que actúen de manera inseparable de los intereses exclusivos de la comunidad, señala la necesidad de desarrollar redes de cooperación, basadas en la confianza y colaboración mutuas. Cabe destacar la existencia de consejos regionales para ejercer el control social, pero también la articulación representativa y el desarrollo regional. Las universidades, especialmente las públicas, también tienen un compromiso social con el desarrollo regional; por cierto, las universidades son impulsoras del desarrollo regional, conectándose con el mundo al mismo tiempo que se arraigan regionalmente, con efectos en la producción y el consumo de la economía, que tienen un efecto multiplicador en las estructuras espaciales, especialmente en las ciudades donde están ubicados. En este sentido, el estudio en pantalla tuvo como objetivo realizar una encuesta de publicaciones sobre la participación de las universidades en el proceso de desarrollo regional, de 2008 a 2016, para analizar en qué óptica se ha estudiado la contribución de la universidad al desarrollo regional. Para esto, se utilizó el análisis bibliométrico, realizado a partir de la recopilación de datos en las plataformas Scopus y Redalyc. Los resultados muestran que, aunque el tema ha ganado alguna evidencia en los últimos cinco años, todavía hay una falta de investigación que discuta profundamente la relación entre las universidades y el desarrollo regional.

O objetivo deste artigo é examinar o desenvolvimento do tema do perdão na obra de Hannah Arendt, principalmente nos textos da década de 1950. Ao longo da década a autora modifica substancialmente sua compreensão da relação do perdão com o cristianismo e progressivamente situa o perdão, assim como a promessa e o poder, no centro de sua análise da ação e de suas fragilidades. Realizamos uma análise bibliográfica que percorre obras publicadas e textos inéditos e buscamos realizar uma síntese conceitual das várias características do perdão na obra da autora a partir do exame da relação da ação com a necessária reconciliação com sua imprevisibilidade.

The aim of this article is to examine the development of the theme of forgiveness in Hannah Arendt’s work, especially in the texts of the 1950s. Throughout the decade, the author substantially modifies her understanding of the relationship of forgiveness with Christianity and progressively places forgiveness, as well as promise and the power at the center of her analysis of the action and its weaknesses. We performed a bibliographic analysis that covers published works and unpublished texts and we seek to carry out a conceptual synthesis of the various characteristics of forgiveness in the author’s work from the examination of the relationship of the action with the necessary reconciliation with its irreversibility.

Le but de cet article est d’examiner l’évolution du thème du pardon dans l’œuvre d’Hannah Arendt, notamment dans les textes des années 50. Tout au long de la décennie, l’auteur modifie considérablement sa compréhension de la relation entre le pardon et le christianisme et place progressivement le pardon, ainsi que la promesse et le pouvoir, au centre de son analyse de l’action et de ses faiblesses. Nous avons effectué une analyse bibliographique qui couvre les œuvres publiées et les textes non publiés et nous cherchons à réaliser une synthèse conceptuelle des différentes caractéristiques du pardon dans le travail de l’auteur, basée sur un examen de la relation entre l’action et la nécessaire réconciliation avec son irréversibilité.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Aedes aegypti is the main vector responsible for the transmission of numerous arboviruses. Adultrap® has been developed to catch these insects. METHODS: We tested the effectiveness of capturing adults with and without one of the components of Adultrap®. RESULTS: The mean number of insects caught by the original trap was 1.25 (standard deviation = 1.28), while the average obtained with the modified trap was 8.88 (standard deviation = 3.44). The medians were statistically different (p = 0.001) according to the Mann-Whitney test. CONCLUSIONS: The modification of Adultrap® increased the average catch of Ae. aegypti by up to seven times.

Resumo O presente artigo tem como base a análise dos Direitos Humanos a partir da fraternidade, uma vez que este princípio permeia as relações de direitos entre as pessoas e entre as pessoas e os Estados, entretanto, por tratar mais de sentimento do que de ação objetiva, transmuda-se em formato pouco materializável. O estudo de base meramente teórica seguiu o caminho do pertencimento à espécie de Martha Nussbaum, com algumas intersecções da linha do Estigma de Erving Goffman e das fontes do Self de Charles Taylor, tentando responder o questionamento das dificuldades de implantação do princípio fraterno. Ao final, notou-se que se trata a fraternidade de princípio não jurídico colocado em aplicação pelos Direitos Humanos, o que, de forma prática, impede a sua imposição coercitiva, uma vez que tolerar pode ser visto como um tema jurídico, mas gostar e integrar não.

Abstract This article is based on an analysis of human rights and since this is a fundamental element in obtaining a declaration of rights and duties between people and States, in addition, through the treatment that people have, in a non-materializable format. The basic study merited the continuation of the path of belonging to a species of Martha Nussbaum, with some intersections of the lineage of Erving Goffman’s Study and the sources of the Self of Charles Taylor, trying to answer the questioning of the difficulties of implantation of the fraternal principle. In the end, it is not a fraternity of principle not-oleoide made in the Human Rights of the Human Rights of the practice is the compliance of the human body is the use of the practice is the use of the practice is the use and integrate not.

Resumo: O uso de mapas conceituais (MCs) na avaliação apresenta dois aspectos importantes: o planejamento da tarefa a ser oferecida aos alunos e a forma de avaliação dos mapas. Quando bem planejados, o feedback do professor é oferecido rapidamente, contribuindo para o comprometimento dos alunos na revisão dos conteúdos a partir de problemas revelados pelos MCs. Nesse artigo, MCs foram avaliados comparativamente para identificar padrões de similaridade que caracterizem os níveis de conhecimento declarativo apresentados pelos alunos sobre a Astronomia e o desenvolvimento da ciência moderna. A avaliação envolveu um questionário e tarefa de mapeamento conceitual. As respostas revelaram cinco grupos com diferentes níveis de conhecimento conceitual e a análise dos MCs indicou que a proporção entre conceitos associados à astronomia clássica e à astronomia moderna, e a presença de conceitos finais múltiplos são indicadores do nível de conhecimento declarativo. Conhecer os obstáculos de aprendizagem ajuda o professor a adaptar as atividades da sua disciplina.

Abstract: The use of concept maps (Cmaps) in evaluation involves two important aspects: the planning of the task to be assigned to the students, and the strategy to evaluate the Cmaps. When well devised, teachers’ feedback is provided in a timely manner and contributes to students’ commitment to reviewing content based on problems revealed by the Cmaps. In this study, Cmaps were comparatively evaluated to identify patterns of similarity that characterize the levels of declarative knowledge presented by students about Astronomy and the development of modern science. The evaluation involved a questionnaire and a concept mapping task. The answers revealed five groups with different levels of conceptual knowledge, and the Cmaps analysis showed that the ratio between concepts related to classical Astronomy and those related to modern Astronomy, as well as the presence of multiple final concepts, are both indicators of the level of declarative knowledge. Knowing the obstacles to learning helps the teacher to adapt activities in his/her class.

RESUMO Materiais híbridos orgânico-inorgânicos nanoestruturados são produzidos com a finalidade de desenvolver e/ou aprimorar uma propriedade de interesse. Uma forma de obtenção de materiais híbridos é através da imobilização de um componente inorgânico em uma rede de sílica organicamente modificada (ormosil). Neste trabalho, um polioxometalato do tipo Keggin, ácido fosfomolíbdico (HPMo), foi incorporado em uma rede de sílica modificada com 3-(Trimetoxisilil)propil metacrilato (TMPM) e um filme fino deste material híbrido foi depositado em um eletrodo de ouro pelo método dip coating. A reatividade eletroquímica do filme foi explorada frente ao íon nitrito onde a eletroredução catalítica ocorreu em 0.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl. A faixa linear de concentração foi de 0.20 a 1.0 mmol L-1 usando voltametria cíclica em meio ácido pH 1.0. Dados espectroscópicos de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de 31P mostraram que HPMo permanece íntegro na rede de ormosil. Além disso, HPMo está interagindo com grupos metacrilato através de ligações de hidrogênio conforme mostrado por espectroscopia de absorção na região do infra-vermelho. O filme híbrido desenvolvido aqui poderia ser usado para o aperfeiçoamento de sistemas capazes de detectar nitrito.

ABSTRACT Nanostructured organic-inorganic hybrid materials are produced for the purpose of developing and / or enhancing a property of interest. One way of obtaining hybrid materials is by immobilizing an inorganic component in an organically modified silica (ormosil) network. In this study, a Keggin type polyoxometalate, phosphomolybdic acid (HPMo), was entrapped into a silica network modified with 3- (Trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (TMPM) and a thin film of this hybrid material was deposited on a gold electrode by the dip coating method. The electrochemical reactivity of this film was explored toward nitrite ion, where the catalytic electroreduction occurred at 0.0 V vs. Ag / AgCl. The linear concentration range obtained using cyclic voltammetry was 0.20 - 1.0 mmol L-1 in acidic medium pH 1.0. 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy showed that HPMo remains intact in the ormosil network. In addition, HPMo is interacting with methacrylate groups through hydrogen bonds as shown by infrared absorption spectroscopy. The hybrid film developed here could be used for the improvement of systems able of detecting nitrite.

Abstract Heat-moisture treatment is type of physical modification that which cause changes in the technological characteristics of the starch. One of the sources of starch that presents potential of use of this treatment is sweet potato of the variety 'Rainha' (Ipomoea batatas). Therefore, the objective of this work was extract the sweet potato starch, apply the heat-moisture treatment in different relative humidity conditions (15, 20, and 25%), and characterize the starches as to water absorption capacity, morphology and crystallinity. Starch extracted from sweet potato resulted in a product of high purity. All modified starches showed a higher water absorption capacity when compared to native starch. The morphology of the starch granules remained unchanged after the modification and the same was observed with respect to the crystallinity. However, modified 15% moisture starch showed significant changes in the amylose content, water absorption, and crystallinity, these characteristics extend the use of this starch, for use in foods.

Resumo O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar a distribuição dos componentes do balanço de água e da reciclagem de precipitação na bacia amazônica, abordando os mecanismos físicos associados ao processo de reciclagem. De forma geral, a bacia amazônica se comporta como um sumidouro de umidade da atmosfera, recebendo vapor d'água tanto do transporte de origem oceânica quanto da evaportranspiração da floresta por meio do processo de reciclagem de precipitação. Em escala regional, a Amazônia representa uma importante fonte de umidade para outras regiões da América do Sul, contribuindo para o regime da precipitação em outras áreas do continente. Na média, a reciclagem de precipitação é da ordem de 20% na bacia amazônica, com valores variando entre 15% na porção norte e 40% na porção sul. Dessa forma, do total da precipitação na bacia, aproximadamente, 20% é decorrente do processo de evapotranspiração local; indicando que, a contribuição local para a precipitação total representa um percentual significativo no balanço de água regional e desempenha um importante papel no ciclo hidrológico amazônico. Entretanto, as variabilidades e mudanças no sistema climático devido tanto às variações naturais quanto antropogênicas (aumento na emissão de gases estufa e desflorestamento) podem afetar a reciclagem e o ciclo hdrológico regional.

Abstract The objective of this study is to evaluate the distribution of water budget components and precipitation recycling in the Amazon basin addressing the physical mechanisms involved in the recycling process. In general, the Amazon basin acts as a sink for atmospheric moisture, receiving water vapor transported from the ocean and from precipitation recycled from evapotranspiration by the forest. At the regional scale, the Amazon basin is an important source of water vapor, contributing to precipitation in other remote locations of South America. Here we show, on average, 20% of precipitation in the Amazon basin is recycled, varying between 15% in the northern portion and 40% in the southern portion. Thus, approximately 20% of the total rainfall in the basin is derived from local evapotranspiration processes indicating that the local contribution to the total precipitation represents a significant contribution to the regional water budget and plays an important role in the Amazon hydrological cycle. However, the variability and changes in the climate system due to both natural and anthropogenic forcings (such as the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and changes in land use and land cover – deforestation) can affect the precipitation recycling and regional hydrologic cycle.