ABSTRACT The gingival cyst of the adult (GCA) is a rare odontogenic cyst, consisting of 0.3% of all odontogenic cysts. This case report, based on CARE guidelines for case reports, aims to present a case of a 52-year-old female patient with a symptomatic translucent nodule in the upper left anterior gingiva, measuring approximately 6mm. Excisional biopsy was performed, and the histological examination revealed multiple cystic cavities lined by the squamous epithelium of varying thickness with focal areas of nodular thickenings. The presence of clusters of cells with clear cytoplasm within epithelial thickenings was observed. PAS staining was negative in clear cells. The diagnosis of the GCA was established. Despite its rarity, GCA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gingival lesions. Conservative surgical treatment proved to be effective, with no signs of recurrence.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da sepse aguda no ligamento periodontal, osso alveolar e osso da furca por meio de análise histológica e imunohistoquímica. O modelo de sepse em ratos foi estabelecido pelo procedimento de ligação e perfuração do ceco (CLP). Doze ratos foram divididos de forma randomizada em ratos sépticos (n=6) e controle - grupo Sham (n=6). Os animais foram eutanasiados após 24 horas e suas hemimandíbulas foram submetidas aos procedimentos histotécnicos para análise histomorfométricos (matriz óssea, fibras colágenas, fibroblastos, osteócitos, células inflamatórias e vasos sanguíneos) e imunohistoquímicos (BMP-2/4, RANKL e osteocalcina) no osso alveolar, osso de furca e ligamento periodontal. Nossos resultados demonstraram que os parâmetros histomorfométricos foram similares no osso alveolar, osso de furca e ligamento periodontal dos animais do grupo sepse e do grupo Sham. Em relação à análise por imunohistoquímica, o número de células imunomarcadas para BMP-2/4 e RANKL também foi similar em ambos os grupos. Entretanto, houve redução (p=0.0014) no número de células imunomarcadas para osteocalcina no ligamento periodontal de ratos sépticos em relação ao grupo Sham. Como conclusão, o estabelecimento de sepse aguda resultou em um número reduzido de células imunomarcadas para osteocalcina na região do ligamento periodontal (p=0,0014). Além disso, não foram observadas diferenças histológicas significativas no periodonto de ratos na presença de sepse aguda. Considerando o papel da osteocalcina na remodelação óssea, este estudo contribui para revelar a importância da avaliação periodontal cuidadosa na presença de sepse.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute sepsis in the periodontal ligament, alveolar and furcation bone in absence of periodontitis induction through histological and immunohistochemical analyses. A septic rat model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Twelve rats were randomly divided into CLP (n=6) and Sham (n=6) groups. The animals were euthanized at 24 h and hemimandibles were submitted to histomorfometric (bone matrix, collagenous fibers, fibroblasts, osteocytes, inflammatory cells, and blood vessels) and immunohistochemical (BMP-2/4, RANKL and osteocalcin) evaluation in alveolar bone, furcation bone and periodontal ligament. Our results demonstrated that histomorphometric parameters were similar in alveolar bone, furcation bone and periodontal ligament of Sham and CLP rats. Regarding to immunohistochemical analyses, the number of BMP-2/4 and RANKL immunolabeled cells was also similar in both groups. Furthermore, it was detected a reduction in the osteocalcin immunolabeled cells in periodontal ligaments of CLP compared to Sham rats (p=0.0014). In conclusion, the acute sepsis induction resulted in reduced number of osteocalcin labelled cells in periodontal ligament region. Moreover, no significant histological differences were observed in the periodontium of rats under acute sepsis. Considering the role of osteocalcin in bone remodeling, the study contributes to revealing the importance of careful periodontal evaluation in the presence of sepsis.