Uma série de complexos de cromo(III) contendo ligantes imina-furfural (Cr1-Cr4) foram sintetizados e caracterizados por espectrometria de massas de alta resolução (HRMS). Todos os pré-catalisadores de cromo, ativados com metilaluminoxano (MAO), apresentaram atividade moderada na oligomerização do etileno [frequência de rotação (TOF) = 11.800-23.200 mol(etileno) mol(Cr)-1 h-1)] produzindo oligômeros na faixa de C4-C12+ e com boa seletividade para olefinas-α. Os pré-catalisadores de cromo(III) formados in situ pela combinação do ligante imina-furfural L1 com [CrCl3(THF)3] ou [Cr(acac)3] apresentaram baixas atividades, produzindo oligômeros juntamente com quantidades variáveis de polietileno. A utilização de diferentes compostos de cromo e cocatalisadores influenciam a atividade bem como a seletividade para a produção de olefinas-α, o que sugere que diferentes espécies catalíticas são formadas.

A series of chromium(III) complexes bearing imino-furfural ligands (Cr1-Cr4) were synthesized and characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). All chromium precatalysts, activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO), exhibited moderate to high activities for ethylene oligomerization [turnover frequency (TOF) = 11,008-23,200 mol(ethylene) mol(Cr)-1 h-1)] producing oligomers in the range C4-C12+ with good selectivity for α-olefins. The in situ chromium precatalysts formed by mixing imino-furfural ligand L1 with [CrCl3(THF)3] or [Cr(acac)3] showed low activities, producing oligomers together with varying amounts of polyethylene. The use of different chromium sources and cocatalysts influences the activity as well as the selectivities toward α-olefin production, which suggests that different active species are formed.

Within this paper the combination of several methods, developed and used in Collaborative Research Center (CRC) 805 - "Control of Uncertainties in Load Carrying Systems in Mechanical Engineering" of the DFG (German Research Foundation), is used to demonstrate the development of a load carrying system under uncertainty. The development starts with the identification of relevant uncertainties, followed by a conceptual design and a mathematical robust optimization approach. The optimized structure is used for the layout of a 3D-CAD-model which is used to print a real rapid-prototyping-model. Throughout the whole design process uncertainties are considered. To demonstrate the symbiosis of these methods an example is chosen. Usually, CRC 805 deals with load carrying systems in mechanical engineering. To let this topic become more vivid and to show that the methods can be transferred to other fields, the design of a robust high heel is taken as an example. At the end of the work three high heels are developed and evaluated regarding their robustness against uncertainties.

Pesquisas prévias têm demonstrado alta prevalência de fatores de risco para aterosclerose em adolescentes, no entanto, os fatores associados a seu surgimento ainda não estão totalmente esclarecidos. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo relacionar níveis inadequados de pressão arterial, colesterol total (CT), HDL-C, LDL-C e triglicérides (TG) com diferentes índices de VO2máx e índice de massa corporal (IMC) em 249 adolescentes com idades entre 12 a 16 anos. Para predição do VO2máx foi utilizado o teste de vai-e-vem de 20 metros. O IMC foi calculado por meio da equação: massa corporal/estatura². Os níveis considerados inadequados foram: pressão arterial > percentil 90º; CT > 150 mg/dL; LDL-C > 100 mg/dL; TG > 100 mg/dL; e HDL-C < 45 mg/dL. Na análise estatística foi empregada a regressão logística, com p < 0,05. Foram encontradas associações significativas para o sexo masculino de baixo VO2máx com o CT (OR 4,33; IC = 1,23-15,20) e o TG (OR = 4,88; IC = 1,15-20,79) e do sobrepeso com TG (OR = 4,33; IC = 1,42-13,21). Após correção pelo IMC, os rapazes com baixos índices de VO2máx mantiveram as associações significativas com o CT (OR = 5,73; IC = 1,52-21,58) e TG (OR = 3,81; IC = 1,86-16,94). As evidências apresentadas neste estudo sugerem que, independentemente do IMC, existe relação inversa da aptidão cardiorrespiratória com o CT e o TG para os rapazes.

Previous research has demonstrated high prevalence of atherosclerotic risk factors in adolescents; however, the associate factors related to its onset are unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to relate inadequate blood pressure levels, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, LDL-C and triglycerides (TG) with different VO2máx and BMI levels in a sample of 249 adolescents, aged between 12 to 16 years old. For VO2máx prediction, the 20 meters test was used. The BMI was calculated using the body mass/heigh² equation. The considerate inadequate levels were: blood pressure > 90th percentile; total cholesterol > 150 mg/dL; LDL-C > 100 mg/dL, TG > 100 mg/dL and HDL-C <45 mg/dL. Logistic regression was used as statistical procedures, with p<0.05. For the boys, significant associations were observed between the low VO2máx with TC (OR 4.33; IC=1.23-15.20) and TG (OR=4.88; IC=1.15-20.79) and between overweight and TG (OR=4.33; IC=1.42-13.21). After BMI correction, the males subjects with low VO2máx maintained their significant associations with TC (OR=5.73; IC=1.52-21.58) and TG (OR=3.81; IC=1.86-16.94). The evidences in this study suggested an inverse relationship of the cardiorespiratory fitness with TC and TG for boys, independently of the BMI.