ABSTRACT Background: Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of viruses, such as Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, and dengue. In this context, a biomonitored chemical study was conducted to evaluate the activity of the crude extract of the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. against the larvae of Aedes aegypti. Methods: Crude extract, fractions, and isolated substances were evaluated in in-vitro assays against third-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti. Results: We isolated 3-nitropropionic acid with an LC50 of 15.172 ppm and LC90 of 18.178 ppm after 24 hours of larval exposure. Conclusions: The results indicated that 3-nitropropionic acid exerted larvicidal activity.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate performance and carcass and meat characteristics of lambs fed a solution of cheese whey plus water (100 g kg−1 dry matter) (CW) during feedlot and pre-slaughter lairage. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial (place – feedlot and slaughterhouse, food – water or CW). We evaluated the following treatments (feedlot/slaughterhouse): CW/CW, CW/water, water/CW, and control (water/water). The lambs were given a balanced diet for 70 days in the feedlot. Slaughter started 12 h after the animals arrived at the slaughterhouse. Dry matter intake, gain-to-feed ratio, average daily gain, and body weight of lambs fed CW were similar to those of control lambs. The water/CW group consumed less of this solution than the CW/CW group in the slaughterhouse. The CW supplied as a pre-slaughter supplement reduces the drip losses of lamb carcasses provided that the animals also consume it during the feedlot period. The other carcass characteristics (carcass weight, pH, subcutaneous fat thickness, and ribeye area) were similar among treatments. The meat characteristics (color, water holding capacity, cooking losses, and shear force) were similar among treatments. Whey cheese added to water can be used as an ingredient of the diet for lambs and as pre-slaughter supplement, since it does not change performance and improves carcass characteristics.

Resumo Introdução: A escoliose é caracterizada como uma deformidade tridimensional. Neste cenário, o uso de calços pode promover correções de assimetrias posturais. Objetivo: Verificar as alterações estáticas associadas com manipulações unilaterais de calços na escoliose idiopática. Métodos: Dois grupos experimentais compostos de participantes com escoliose de curvas duplas e simples, e um grupo controle de participantes sem escoliose. Foram utilizados 10 marcadores reflexivos, filmados durante 15 segundos na posição estática em três condições (sem calço; com calço baixo de 1 cm; e alto de 3 cm) sob o pé direito e esquerdo. Foram calculados ângulos posturais: alfa 1, alfa 2, alfa 3 e alfa 4. Resultados: Houve diferenças na condição sem calço, entre grupos controle (GC) e experimental com escoliose em “S” (GES) para alfa 2 e 4 e com escoliose em “C” (GEC) para alfa 2. Calços sob o pé direito, houve diferenças entre os grupos controle e GES para alfa 4 e GEC para alfa 1, 2 e 4, e entre calços para GES para alfa 3 e 4. Calços sob o pé esquerdo foram responsáveis por diferenças significantes entre grupos controle e GES e GEC. Conclusão: Estas alterações posturais estáticas indicam que curvas escolióticas apresentam capacidade de adaptação e reorganização postural em resposta à manipulação dos calços, sendo que a maior influência é observada nos segmentos inferiores, tanto em curvas simples como duplas. De acordo com os resultados observados, conclui-se que as curvaturas escolióticas apresentam flexibilidade residual que permite ajustes posturais na presença de calços.

Abstract Introduction: Scoliosis is characterized as a three-dimensional deformity. In this scenario, the use of shims can promote correction of postural imbalances. Objective: To verify the static changes associated with unilateral manipulation of shims in idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: Two experimental groups composed of participants with scoliosis with double and single curves, and a control group of participants without scoliosis. 10 reflective markers were used, filmed for 15 seconds in the static position in three conditions (no shim; low shim of 1 cm, and high shim of 3 cm) on the right and left foot. The following postural angles were calculated: alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3, and alpha 4. Results: There were differences in the shim condition between the control group (CG) and experimental scoliosis with “S” (GES) for alpha 2 and 4 and Scoliosis “C” (GEC) for alpha 2. For shims under the right foot, there were differences between the control group and GES for alpha 4 and the GEC for alpha 1, 2 and 4, and between shims for the GES for alpha 3 and 4. Shims under the left foot were responsible for significant differences between the control group and the GES and GEC groups. Conclusion: These static postural changes indicate that scoliosis curves show adaptability and postural reorganization in response to manipulation with shims, and the greatest influence is seen in the lower segments, both in simple and double curves. According to the results it is concluded that residual scoliotic curvatures have flexibility that allows postural adjustment with shims.

Este artigo analisa a relação cinema e história através da estética da precariedade elaborada pelo cineasta Ozualdo Candeias. A mobilidade, a oralidade caipira, a precariedade esteticamente elaboradas através das mesclas entre a ficção e o documentário, da desconstrução de clichês do cinema clássico são trocas culturais, entre o mundo urbano e o rural, suscitadas pelo processo de industrialização e urbanização, vivido intensamente em São Paulo, a partir dos anos 50 do século XX.

This article analyses the relation between cinema and history through the esthetics of the precariousness elaborated by a film director called Ozualdo Candeias. The mobility, the countryman orality as well as the precariousness esthetically worked out by mixing fiction and documentary, the disconstruction of classical cinema clichés are cultural trades between the urban world and the rural one raised by the industrialization and urbanization process intensified in the fifties of XXth century.