ABSTRACT Extraovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) develop from ectopic gonadal tissue situated along the embryonal route of the genital ridge. Primary retroperitoneal tumors are extremely rare, with an incidence of 02% -06% and 80-85% probability of malignancy. Only eight such case reports have been published previously. We herein, report a rare case of extraovarian retroperitoneal GCT in a 55-year-old woman who presented with intermittent left lumbar region pain of one-year duration. She had a history of hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 8 years ago for uterine leiomyoma. Laparotomy revealed a retroperitoneal mass measuring 8cm x 10cm x 20cm in size, solid cystic with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage. The gross features, classical histopathology, and positive immunostaining of the retroperitoneal mass with inhibin, calretinin, PR, WT1 and immunonegativity for EMA were characteristic of adult-type GCT. Excluding any previous history of primary ovarian GCT in this patient, a de-novo retroperitoneal diagnosis was established.

RESUMO. O teste de span de dígitos é amplamente utilizado para avaliar a atenção e a memória de trabalho. É um teste portátil, relativamente livre de cultura e frequentemente usado. No entanto, a validade cultural deste teste, particularmente na população idosa indiana, não está bem estabelecida. Objetivo: Este estudo explora a utilidade do teste de amplitude de dígitos para idosos indianos com diferentes níveis de educação. Métodos: Duzentos e cinquenta e oito idosos saudáveis normais residentes na comunidade formaram a amostra deste estudo. Todos os participantes da pesquisa foram selecionados usando uma entrevista semiestruturado, MINI Screen modificado, versão indiana do Mini Mental State Examination, uma medida de atividade da vida diária e teste do span de dígitos administrados verbalmente. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que os participantes com alto nível de escolaridade tiveram desempenho significativamente melhor do que os participantes com baixo nível de escolaridade no teste de amplitude de dígitos. Participantes com baixa escolaridade muitas vezes enfrentaram difficuldades com o teste de amplitude de dígitos e recorreram a adivinhar os dígitos. Conclusão: Nosso estudo demonstra claramente que o teste de amplitude de dígitos pode ser útil para participantes instruídos. No entanto, sua utilidade e validade ecológica são questionáveis para aqueles com baixa escolaridade e letramento, requerendo pesquisas futuras.

ABSTRACT. The digit span test is widely used to assess attention and working memory. It is a portable, relatively culture-free and frequently used test. However, the cultural validity of this test, particularly in the Indian older population, is not well established. Objective: This study explores the usefulness of the digit span test for Indian older adults with different levels of education. Methods: Two hundred and fifty-eight community-dwelling healthy normal older adults formed the sample of this study. All study participants were screened using a semi-structured interview schedule, the modified MINI Screen, the Indian version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, a measure of activities of daily living and the digit span test administered verbally. Results: The results indicated that participants with higher educational level performed significantly better than low-educated participants on the digit span test. Participants with low education often struggled with the digit span test and resorted to guessing the digits. Conclusion: Our study clearly demonstrates that the digit span test can be useful for educated participants. However, its usefulness and ecological validity is questionable for those with low education and low literacy, warranting future research.

In this paper, we deal with the existence and uniqueness of piecewise square meanweighted pseudo almost periodic solutions for a class of fractional order stochastic impulsive differential equations. The working tools are based on fixed point technique, fractional power operators and stochastic analysis; methods and theory are adopted from deterministic fractional systems. In addition, an example is given to illustrate the theory.

En este artículo estudiamos la existencia y unicidad de soluciones pseudo casi periódicas con pesos promedio cuadrado a trozos para una clase de ecuaciones diferenciales estocásticas impulsivas de orden fraccional. Las herramientas de trabajo están basadas en la técnica de punto fijo, operadores de potencia fraccional y análisis estocástico; los métodos y teoría están adaptados a partir de sistemas fraccionales deterministas. Adicionalmente, damos un ejemplo para ilustrar la teoría.

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the plant tolerance to Fe and its phytotranslocation by Jatropha curcas L. from an iron rich wasteland soil. The soil was collected from wasteland soil (WLS) of a small town Sandila, (Hardoi, U.P.) India, and three Jatropha clones were cultivated in WLS amended or not with sand or cowdung in a ratio of 3:2. The WLS had high pH, elevated electric conductivity (EC) and was rich in organic carbon and total NPK. Iron and Mn were 2-3 folds higher than that in the normal field soil. Net root and shoot elongation as well as fresh and dry biomass of the plants were only slightly affected at 100 d in WLS as compared with that grown in non-polluted soil. Tolerance index (TI) of J. curcas was significantly higher in cowdung amended WLS in comparison to that in WLS, or WLS amended with sand. Translocation factor (TF) from the soil to plants for Fe was significantly higher in WLS than that in the normal field soil. Bio-concentration factor (BCF) and concentration index (CI) for Fe were 0.12 to 0.37, 1.0 to 6.2 respectively. The results indicate that Jatropha plantation is suitable for phytoremediation of Fe-contaminate wasteland soils, and also that these polluted fields could be used to cultivate this important biodiesel plant species.