Abstract We hypothesize that lambs fed diets with different lipids sources from oilseeds would similar performance but fatty acids profile of meat superior to those fed with conventional diets. We evaluated the effects of inclusion of oilseeds on the ingestive behaviour, performance, carcass trait and meat quality in feedlot lambs. Three isonitrogenous (18.31% crude protein) diets were evaluated, where one diet was the standard (control), and the others two diets contained soybean and cottonseed. Fifteen Texel lambs, weighting 28.5 ± 1.65 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design by 56 days. Animals fed soybean diet demonstrated greater final body weight when compared to animals fed cottonseed diet and standard diet. The inclusion of cottonseed provided lower average daily gain and total weight gain. Ingestive behaviour of the animals fed diets with grains resulted in greater rumination time. Lambs fed cottonseed diet spent greater time during rumination and presented greater number of chews/day. The hot carcass and cold carcass weight presented lower values in animals fed cottonseeds diet. There was no significant difference in meat for marbling, maturity, fat texture and shear force. Meat from animals fed soybean diet had highest fat content. There was a diet effect for fatty acids composition in the meat. Meat of lambs treated with soybean have greater amounts for fatty acids mostly the unsaturated ones, related to the decrease in cholesterol levels, and lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, thus, lambs fed soybean enrich meat produced with fatty acids that benefit human health.

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) omicron variant was first detected in South Africa in November 2021. Since then, the number of cases due to this variant increases enormously every day in different parts of the world. Mutations within omicron genome may impair the molecular detection resulting in false negative results during Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) diagnosis. OBJECTIVES To verify if colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) targeting N and E genes would work efficiently to detect omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant and its sub-lineages. METHODS SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) positive samples were sequenced by next generation DNA sequencing. The consensus sequences generated were submitted to Pangolin tool for SARS-CoV-2 lineage identification. RT-LAMP reactions were performed at 65ºC/30 min targeting N and E. FINDINGS SARS-CoV-2 omicron can be detected by RT-LAMP targeting N and E genes despite the genomic mutation of this more transmissible lineage. Omicron SARS-CoV-2 sub-lineages were tested and efficiently detected by RT-LAMP. We demonstrated that this test is very sensitive in detecting omicron variant, with LoD as low as 0.4 copies/µL. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Molecular detection of omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant and its sub-lineages can be achieved by RT-LAMP despite the genomic mutations as a very sensitive surveillance tool for COVID-19 molecular diagnosis.

Background: A population study is an important tool that can be used to understand the actual epidemiological scenario of the Covid-19 in different territories, identify its magnitude, understand its transmission dynamics, and its demographic, geographical, and social distribution. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population of two Brazilian cities during the pandemic first wave and subsequent socioeconomic and health effects. Materials & methods: This paper described the methodological procedures adopted and the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population. A household survey was conducted between October and December 2020, in two historic cities of Brazil's mining region. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was detected using the Wondfo® rapid test. The face-to-face interview consisted of administration of a questionnaire containing registration data, sociodemographic and economic variables, living habits, general health condition, mental health, sleep habits, and eating and nutrition. Results: We evaluated 1,762 residents, of which 764 (43.4%) were in Mariana and 998 (56.6%) in Ouro Preto. For both cities, 51.9% of the interviewees were female, with a predominance of the age range 35 to 59 years old (47.2%). The prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.5% in all cities, 6.2% in Ouro Preto, and 4.7% in Mariana. The prevalence was similar between cities (P>0.05). Conclusion: The study was effective in verifying the seroprevalence of infection by the virus and its findings will enable further analyses of the health conditions of the population related to social isolation and the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Resumo Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os usos do solo, a distribuição das frações granulométricas, matéria orgânica (MO) e metais propensos à complexação no Reservatório de Itupararanga (São Paulo, Brasil). Este ecossistema aquático é empregado para o abastecimento de água e na geração de energia e está submetido constantemente a impactos antrópicos que alteram suas características físicas e químicas. Métodos Em campanha única, foram coletadas amostras de sedimento superficial (10 cm) de nove estações de amostragem, em triplicata, ao longo do reservatório. A coleta foi realizada com um amostrador de fundo tipo “Lenz”. As variáveis físico-químicas, incluindo a quantificação dos metais cobre, cromo, manganês, níquel, chumbo e zinco, foram avaliadas por técnicas de estatística descritiva básica unidas a geoestatística e o uso de sensoriamento remoto. Resultados Ao longo de todo o reservatório o sedimento é predominantemente orgânico e a profundidade interferiu diretamente na concentração de MO e na distribuição granulométrica. Portanto, foi observada heterogeneidade quanto aos teores de MO, frações granulométricas e metais, com exceção do cromo, e as três zonas do reservatório provaram-se distintas entre si. A classificação do uso e ocupação do solo mostrou a real situação da Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) e os resultados indicam que a porção central está mais sujeita a impactos antrópicos, enquanto a região da barragem apresenta altos níveis de metais provenientes de atividades do entorno do reservatório. Conclusões O elevado desgaste do solo na região demonstra que a gestão da APA de Itupararanga é deficiente, sendo necessária a elaboração de uma coordenação estratégica entre os municípios para melhorar a conservação da área.

Abstract Aim This study aimed to evaluate land use, distribution of particle size fractions, organic matter (OM) and perform a metal quantification liable to complexation in the Itupararanga Reservoir (São Paulo, Brazil). This aquatic ecosystem is used for water supply and energy generation and is constantly subjected to anthropogenic impacts that alter its physical and chemical characteristics. Methods In a single campaign, samples of surface sediment (10 cm) were collected from nine sampling stations, in triplicate, along the reservoir. The collection was carried out with a “Lenz” type bottom sampler. The physicochemical variables, including the quantification of the metals copper, chromium, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc, were evaluated by basic descriptive statistics techniques combined with geostatistics and the use of remote sensing. Results All along the reservoir the sediment is predominantly organic and water depth interfered directly in the OM concentration and particle size distribution. Therefore, heterogeneity was observed regarding OM contents, particle size fractions and metals, with the exception of chromium, and the three zones of the reservoir proved to be distinct from each other. The land use classification showed the real situation of the Environmental Protection Area (EPA) and the results indicate that the central portion is more subject to anthropic impacts, while the dam region has high levels of metals, probably originated from the activities in the reservoir’s surroundings. Conclusions The soil erosion in the reservoir’s region shows the lack of efficiency in the Itupararanga EPA’s management, being needed a strategic coordination among the municipalities to enhance its conservation.

RESUMEN Como medida de control contra las malezas, el uso de herbicidas es una alternativa efectiva y asequible. Sin embargo, no hay productos recomendados para el cultivo de frijol caupí en Brasil, por lo que es necesario buscar soluciones alternativas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de herbicidas aplicados en pre- y post-emergencia sobre la nodulación y productividad del frijol caupí bajo las condiciones de la sabana amazónica. Se realizaron dos experimentos en bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones, utilizando el cultivar de frijol caupí BRS Aracê sometido a los herbicidas pre-emergentes: Metribuzina, Sulfentrazona, S-metolaclor, Pendimetalina, Oxadiazón, Alaclor, Metribuzina + Pendimetalina, Metribuzina + Alaclor y Quizalofop-p-etil, Bentazona, Fomesafen, Imazetapir, Imazamox + Bentazona, Quizalofop-p-etil + Imazetapir, Quizalofop-p-etil + Imazamox y Quizalofop-p-etil + Bentazona, y herbicidas post-emergentes: Quizalofop-p-etil, Bentazona, Fomesafen, Imazetapir, Imazamox + Bentazona, Quizalofop-p-etil + Imazetapir, Quizalofop-p-etil + Imazamox, Quizalofop-p-etil + Bentazona. Se evaluaron el número de nódulos por planta, la masa seca de nódulos, la masa seca de raíces y el rendimiento de grano. Según los resultados obtenidos en este estudio, el manejo de malezas en pre o post-emer-gencia de acuerdo con el herbicida utilizado afecta la nodulación y el rendimiento de grano de frijol caupí bajo condiciones de la sabana amazónica. Los herbicidas Metribuzina en pre-emergen-cia, y Fomesafen y la mezcla de Quizalofop-p-etil + Imazetapir en post-emergencia no se recomiendan para el control de malezas en frijol caupí. La aplicación de Oxadiazón, Alaclor y Pendimetalina en la pre-emergencia puede considerarse interesante porque no inhiben el desarrollo del sistema radicular o la nodulación de frijol caupí lo que proporciona un mayor rendimiento de grano. En lo relacionado con las estrategias de control de malezas posteriores a la emergencia, la aplicación del herbicida Imazetapir y la combinación de los herbicidas Quizalofop-p-etil + Imazamox, Quizalofop-p-etil + Bentazona e Imazamox + Bentazona permiten niveles satisfactorios de rendimiento de grano, desarrollo del sistema de raíces y nodulación de frijol caupí.

Abstract As a control measure against weeds, the use of herbicides is an effective and inexpensive alternative. However, there are no products recommended for the cultivation of cowpea in Brazil, making it necessary to search for alternative solutions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbicides applied in the pre- and post-emergence on cowpea nodulation and production under conditions of the Amazonian savannah. Two experiments were carried out in a randomized block design with four replicates, using the cowpea cultivar BRS Aracê subjected to the pre-emergence herbicides: Metribuzin, Sulfentrazone, S-metolachlor, Pendimethalin, Oxadiazon, Alachlor, Metribuzin + Pendimethalin, Metribuzin + Alachlor and Quizalofop-p-ethyl, Bentazon, Fomesafen, Imazethapyr, Imazamox + Bentazon, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Imazethapyr, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Ima-zamox and Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Bentazon, and post-emergence herbicides: Quizalofop-p-ethyl, Bentazon, Fomesafen, Imazetha-pyr, Imazamox + Bentazon, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Imazethapyr, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Imazamox, and Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Bentazon. The number of nodules in each plant, the dry matter of nodules, dry matter of roots and the grain yield were evaluated. According to the results obtained, the management of weeds in pre- or post-emergence according to the herbicide used affects the nodulation and productivity of cowpea under the conditions of the Amazonian savannah. The herbicides Metribuzin in pre-emergence, and Fomesafen and the mixture of Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Imazethapyr in post-emergence are not recommended for weed control in cowpea. The application of Oxadiazon, Alachlor, and Pendimethalin in pre-emergence can be considered interesting because they do not inhibit the development of the root system or the nodulation of cowpea which provides a greater grain yield. Regarding weed control strategies at post-emergence, the application of the herbicide Imazethapyr and the combination of the herbicides quizalofop-p-ethyl + imazamox, Quizalofop-p-ethyl + Bentazon and Imazamox + Bentazon allow satisfactory levels of grain yield, root system development and nodulation of cowpea.

Resumo Objetivos: investigar as práticas das avós de apoio à amamentação. Métodos: esta revisão integrativa buscou responder a seguinte questão norteadora: “Quais as práticas das avós de apoio à amamentação?”. Com o cruzamento dos descritores “rede social”, “aleitamento materno” e “relações familiares”, em agosto de 2012, nas bases de dados: National Library of Medicine (Medline), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Base de Datos de Enfermería em Español (CUIDEN), Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Revisões Sistemáticas da Colaboração Cochrane (Cochrane) e na biblioteca virtual Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), 4092 artigos foram encontrados. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 20 artigos compuseram a amostra do estudo. Os resultados dos estudos foram agrupados por similaridade temática. Resultados: as avós reconhecem a importância do aleitamento materno; representam um modelo a ser seguido; auxiliam nos afazeres domésticos e na prestação de cuidados; fornecem informações e, por vezes, desestimulam o aleitamento materno. Conclusões: as práticas de apoio das avós são influenciadas por suas próprias experiências e pelo contexto sociocultural que estão inseridas.

Abstract Objectives: to investigate how grandmothers support breastfeeding. Methods: the aim of this integrative review was to answer the following guiding question: “How do grandmothers support breastfeeding?” A search for the co-occurrence of the key-words “social network”, “maternal breastfeeding” and “family relations”, in August 2012, in the databases International Literature in Health Sciences (Medline), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Base de Datos de Enfermería em Español (CUIDEN), Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Cochrane) and the virtual library Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), found 4092 articles. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 20 articles were included in the study sample. The results of the studies were grouped according to similarity of topic. Results: grandmothers recognized the importance of maternal breastfeeding; constitute an example to be followed; help with domestic chores and care; provide information; and sometimes discourage maternal breastfeeding. Conclusions: the support provided by grandmothers is influenced by their own experiences and by the sociocultural environment in which they live.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional e a prevalência de anemia em crianças de sete a 74 meses, que freqüentam creches. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal em 25 creches da regional leste de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Realizaram-se avaliação antropométrica e dosagem de hemoglobina por hemoglobinômetro portátil. Considerou-se anemia se hemoglobina <11,0g/dL para crianças menores que 60 meses e <11,5g/dL, para maiores de 5 anos. Na avaliação do estado nutricional, utilizaram-se os índices peso/idade, estatura/idade e peso/estatura, sendo categorizados em três intervalos: abaixo de -2 escores Z (desnutrição/baixa estatura), de -2 a -1 escore Z (risco para desnutrição/baixa estatura) e maior ou igual a -1 escore Z. A análise estatística incluiu: qui-quadrado, qui-quadrado de tendência linear e análise de variância (ANOVA) seguida pelo teste de Tukey, sendo significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 402 crianças, com mediana de idade de 46,3 meses. A prevalência de anemia foi 28,8%, observando-se o dobro da prevalência nas crianças com idade inferior a 24 meses (70,4%), comparada às de faixa etária maior. A prevalência de desnutrição correspondeu a 5,0 e 5,5% da população para os índices peso/estatura e peso/idade, respectivamente. A prevalência de baixa estatura foi 4,2%. Em crianças menores de 5 anos, a anemia associou-se à idade e ao deficit estatural. CONCLUSÕES: A anemia em crianças matriculadas nas creches da regional leste de Belo Horizonte constitui importante problema de saúde pública, acometendo, principalmente, os menores de 24 meses. Os deficits nutricionais estiveram acima dos valores esperados.

OBJECTIVE: Assess the prevalence of anemia and the nutritional status of children with 7-74 months old, enrolled in day care centers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled children of 25 day care centers of the eastern district of Belo Horizonte city, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Anthropometric parameters were evaluated and hemoglobin count was done by a portable hemoglobinometer. The cutoff level for anemia was 11.0g/dL for children less than 60 months, and 11.5g/dL for those older than 5 years old. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric indexes: weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height and classified in 3 groups: below -2 Z score (malnutrition/height deficit), -2 to -1 Z score (nutritional risk for malnutrition/height deficit) and above or equal to -1 Z score. Statistical analysis included: chi-square, chi-square with linear trend, analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: 402 children, with a median age of 46.3 months, were assessed. The overall anemia prevalence was 28.8%. The rate of anemia in children <24 months (70.4%) was twice that observed in older children. The prevalence of malnutrition was 5,0 and 5.5%, as defined by weight-for-height and weight-for-age indexes, respectively. The prevalence of height deficit was 4.2%. Malnutrition was associated to age and height deficit in children <5 years old. CONCLUSIONS: Anemia in children enrolled in day care centers in Belo Horizonte is a serious public health problem, especially in those younger than 24 months. Nutritional deficits were beyond the expected values.