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Evaluation of the Mandibular Pheromones Produced by Queens of Africanized and European Honeybees under Normal Conditions and During Absconding Processes by HPLC-UV Methodology
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Almeida, Gesline F. de

; Chaves, Andréa R.

; Queiroz, Maria Eugênia C.

; Gramacho, Kátia P.

; Gonçalves, Lionel S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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nov 2023, Volume 34 N. 11 Pages 1726 - 1733

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Pheromones are essential for colony organization in honeybees. The pheromones 9-ODA ((E)-9-oxodec-2-enoic acid) and 9-HDA ((E)-9-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid), produced by the mandibular gland of the queen, have various functions within the colony, including inhibition of ovarian development of workers, attraction of swarms, and stabilization of the cluster group. An example of reaction of the colony to adverse conditions is absconding, which is defined as mass exit of all of the adult individuals, leaving even brood and food. In this study, the pheromones 9-ODA and 9-HDA were determined in virgin and normal mated, egg-laying European Carniolan and Africanized queens, as well as in mated queens that were in absconding colonies, using liquid chromatography with UV detection developed methodology. Absconding was induced by maintaining free-flying five-standard-Langstroth-frame colonies in a chamber artificially heated to 45 ºC. The obtained results showed that the amount of 9-ODA in Africanized queens (6.56 µg bee-1) is very low compared with European queens. However, large amounts of 9-HDA were found in the queens of absconding Africanized swarms (107.4 µg bee-1). According to our results, the quantities of 9-ODA and 9-HDA in Africanized honeybees in Brazil may be contributing to the high rates of absconding, promoting low effect of stabilizing agent, and high effect of attraction of dispersers cluster.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230132

Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and quality of life after bilateral implantation of multifocal diffractive intraocular lens
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Queiroz, Marjorie F. N

; Ferreira, Felipe Q. T

; Shimoda, Gilberto

; Padovani, Carlos Roberto

; Lottelli, Antonio C

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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jul 2023, Volume 86 N. 4 Pages 301 - 307

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate visual outcomes, satisfaction, and quality of life of patients assisted in a Medical School hospital by the Brazilian Public Health System, who underwent bilateral diffractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation. Methods: Case series study with intervention, including 20 patients who underwent bilateral implantation of multifocal IOL EyeDiff® (Eyeol UK, Dunstable, UK). Exclusion criteria were corneal astigmatism >1.5 cylindrical diopters, previous ocular surgery or ocular disease, and intra- or postoperative complications. Patients were evaluated one, three, and six months after surgery. Monocular and binocular visual acuity for distance, intermediate and near, under photopic and mesopic conditions, monocular contrast sensitivity under photopic conditions, defocus curve, and quality of life were assessed. Results: Monocular distance-corrected visual acuity was 0.3 logMAR or better and monocular distance-corrected near visual acuity was J3 or better in all eyes under photopic conditions. Binocular distance-corrected near visual acuity was J1 in all cases. Contrast sensitivity was at the minimum level of normality for low and high spatial frequencies and within normal limits for intermediate spatial frequency. The quality of life questionnaire showed a high level of patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Bilateral implantation of the multifocal intraocular lens EyeDiff® provides patients with good visual acuity and quality of life, besides spectacle independence. The visual acuity and contrast sensitivity progressively improved between one and six postoperative months.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados visuais, satisfação e qualidade de vida de pacientes atendidos em um hospital escola pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, submetidos a implante bilateral de lente intraocular multifocal difrativa. Métodos: Estudo tipo série de casos com intervenção, incluindo 20 pacientes submetidos a implante bilateral da lente intraocular multifocal difrativa EyeDiff® (Eyeol UK, Dunstable, UK). Os critérios de exclusão foram astigmatismo corneano >1,5 dioptria cilíndrica, cirurgia ou doença ocular prévias e complicações intraoperatórias ou pós-operatórias. Os pacientes foram avaliados após 1, 3 e 6 meses da cirurgia. Foram avaliadas a acuidade visual monocular e binocular para longe, intermediário e perto sob condições fotópica e mesópica, sensibilidade ao contraste monocular sob condições fotópicas, curva de defocus e questionário para avaliação da qualidade de vida. Resultados: A acuidade visual para longe corrigida monocular foi de 0,3 logMAR ou melhor e a acuidade visual para perto com correção para longe foi J3 ou melhor em todos os olhos, sob condições fotópicas. A acuidade visual binocular para perto com a correção para longe foi J1 em todos os casos. A sensibilidade ao contraste estava no nível mínimo de normalidade para frequências espaciais baixas e altas e abaixo dos limites normais para frequência espacial intermediária. O questionário de qualidade de vida mostrou que os pacientes apresentavam altos níveis de satisfação. Conclusão: O implante bilateral da lente intraocular multifocal EyeDiff® proporcionou boa acuidade visual e qualidade de vida, e independência de óculos aos pacientes. A acuidade visual e a sensibilidade ao contraste melhoraram progressivamente entre um e seis meses de pós-operatório.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20230054

Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders guidelines for the treatment of adult obsessive-compulsive disorder. Part I: pharmacological treatment
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de Oliveira, Marcos Vinícius Sousa

; de Barros, Pedro Macul Ferreira

; de Mathis, Maria Alice

; Boavista, Rodrigo

; Chacon, Priscila

; Echevarria, Marco Antonio Nocito

; Ferrão, Ygor Arzeno

; Vattimo, Edoardo Felippo de Queiroz

; Lopes, Antônio Carlos

; Torres, Albina Rodrigues

; Diniz, Juliana Belo

; Fontenelle, Leonardo F.

; Rosário, Maria Conceição do

; Shavitt, Roseli Gedanke

; Miguel, Eurípedes Constantino

; da Silva, Renata de Melo Felipe

; Costa, Daniel Lucas da Conceição

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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apr 2023, Volume 45 N. 2 Pages 146 - 161

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Objectives: To summarize evidence-based pharmacological treatments and provide guidance on clinical interventions for adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: The American Psychiatric Association (APA) guidelines for the treatment of OCD (2013) were updated with a systematic review assessing the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for adult OCD, comprising monotherapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), clomipramine, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and augmentation strategies with clomipramine, antipsychotics, and glutamate-modulating agents. We searched for the literature published from 2013-2020 in five databases, considering the design of the study, primary outcome measures, types of publication, and language. Selected articles had their quality assessed with validated tools. Treatment recommendations were classified according to levels of evidence developed by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA). Results: We examined 57 new studies to update the 2013 APA guidelines. High-quality evidence supports SSRIs for first-line pharmacological treatment of OCD. Moreover, augmentation of SSRIs with antipsychotics (risperidone, aripiprazole) is the most evidence-based pharmacological intervention for SSRI-resistant OCD. Conclusion: SSRIs, in the highest recommended or tolerable doses for 8-12 weeks, remain the first-line treatment for adult OCD. Optimal augmentation strategies for SSRI-resistant OCD include low doses of risperidone or aripiprazole. Pharmacological treatments considered ineffective or potentially harmful, such as monotherapy with antipsychotics or augmentation with ketamine, lamotrigine, or N-acetylcysteine, have also been detailed.

https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2891

Low-Temperature Partitioning: A Simple Screening Method for Determining Diethylene Glycol in Beer by Gas Chromatography
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Azevedo, Mariane M.

; Miranda, Liany D. L.

; Queiroz, Maria Eliana L. R. de

; Oliveira, André F. de

; Pereira, Alexandre F.

; Neves, Antônio A.

; Silva, Thaís L. R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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mar 2023, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 452 - 460

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Diethylene glycol is an extremely toxic substance to humans. Recently, cases of beer contamination in Brazil have raised awareness of the need for developing simple screening methods to evaluate this type of compound. This research developed a liquid-liquid extraction with low-temperature partitioning technique to determine diethylene glycol in beer via gas chromatography. Employing a flame-ionization detector simplifies the method, lowers its cost and therefore, it can be used as screening step to assess the possibility of contamination. A gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer would be used only for a confirmatory analysis. The optimized method was validated for the main figures of merit, and it proved to be adequate, with good values of recovery rate (94-106%), limit of detection (3.0 mg L-1), and quantification (10.0 mg L-1). Accuracy, in terms of repeatability and intermediate accuracy, showed variation coefficients lower than or equal to 20%. This method was applied to 28 samples of beers marketed in Brazil, and diethylene glycol was found above the limit of detection in three of them (10.7%). These results were confirmed by a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer, which showed the reliability of the screening method for determining diethylene glycol in beer samples.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220123

Emotional, hyperactivity and inattention problems in adolescents with immunocompromising chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Campos, Reinan T.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sousa, Renan A. de

; Helito, Alberto C.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Strabelli, Claudia A.A.

; Paradelas, Levi M.V.

; Carneiro, Beatriz O.L.

; Cardoso, Maria Paula R.

; Souza, Jean Paulo V. de

; Freire, Marianna R. de M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Buscatti, Izabel M.

; Kozu, Katia

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sallum, Adriana M.E.

; Ferreira, Juliana CO.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Viana, Vivianne S.L.

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia M.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Silva, Clovis A.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100167

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To assess factors associated with emotional changes and Hyperactivity/Inattention (HI) motivated by COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with immunocompromising diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 343 adolescents with immunocompromising diseases and 108 healthy adolescents. Online questionnaires were answered including socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and validated surveys: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0). Results: The frequencies of abnormal emotional SDQ scores from adolescents with chronic diseases were similar to those of healthy subjects (110/343 [32%] vs. 38/108 [35%], p = 0.548), as well as abnormal hyperactivity/inattention SDQ scores (79/343 [23%] vs. 29/108 [27%], p = 0.417). Logistic regression analysis of independent variables associated with abnormal emotional scores from adolescents with chronic diseases showed: female sex (Odds Ratio [OR = 3.76]; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 2.00–7.05; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.08–3.88; p = 0.028) and intrafamilial violence during pandemic (OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.12–4.19; p = 0.021) as independently associated with abnormal emotional scores, whereas total PedsQL score was inversely associated with abnormal emotional scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.96; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis associated with abnormal HI scores from patients evidenced that total PedsQL score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99; p = 0.010], changes in medical appointments during the pandemic (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.79; p = 0.021), and reliable COVID-19 information (OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.77; p = 0.026) remained inversely associated with abnormal HI scores. Conclusion: The present study showed emotional and HI disturbances in adolescents with chronic immunosuppressive diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reinforces the need to promptly implement a longitudinal program to protect the mental health of adolescents with and without chronic illnesses during future pandemics.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100167

Synthesis of novel glycerol-fluorinated triazole derivatives and evaluation of their phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic activities
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BARCELOS, FERNANDO F.

; ALVES, THAMMYRES A.

; GAZOLLA, POLIANA A.R.

; TEIXEIRA, RÓBSON RICARDO

; QUEIROZ, VAGNER T. DE

; PRAÇA-FONTES, MILENE M.

; MORAIS, PEDRO A.B.

; FONSECA, VICTOR R.

; ROMÃO, WANDERSON

; LACERDA JÚNIOR, VALDEMAR

; SCHERER, RODRIGO

; COSTA, ADILSON V.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 1 elocation e20211102

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The control of weeds in agriculture is mainly conducted with the use of synthetic herbicides. However, environmental and human health concerns and increased resistance of weeds to existing herbicides have increased the pressure on researchers to find new active ingredients for weed control which present low toxicity to non-target organisms, are environmentally safe, and can be applied at low concentrations. It is herein described the synthesis of glycerol-fluorinated triazole derivatives and evaluation of their phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic activities. Starting from glycerol, ten fluorinated triazole derivatives were prepared in four steps. The assessment of them on Lactuca sativa revealed that they present effects on phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic parameters with different degrees of efficiency. The compounds 4a, 4b, 4d, 4e, 4i, and 4j have pre-emergent inhibition behavior, while all the investigated compounds showed post emergent effect. Mechanism of action as clastogenic, aneugenic, and epigenetic were observed in the lettuce root meristematic cells, with alterations as stick chromosome, bridge, delay, c-metaphase, and loss. It is believed that glycerol-fluorinated triazole derivatives possess a scaffold that can be explored towards the development of new chemicals for the control of weed species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320211102

Occurrence of clinical laminitis after adaptation to confinement: effects on morphology, density, and mineral composition of the hoof of Nellore cattle after finishing
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Freitas, Sabrina L.R.

; Queiroz, Paulo José B.

; Fernandes, Juliano José R.

; Nascente, Eduardo P.

; Santos, Adriana S.

; Nascimento, Kaique S.

; Silva, Luiz Antônio F.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07131

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Laminitis is a disease that affects the dermis and epidermis of the bovine hoof, generating changes in the hoof capsule. This study evaluated the effects of clinical laminitis diagnosed after the adaptation phase to confinement on the morphology, density, and mineral composition of the hoof of Nellore cattle after finishing. The animals were separated in the first weeks of confinement into a sick group (SG), with clinical laminitis, and a healthy group (HG). SG animals had higher heel length, dorsal wall length, toe height, and diagonal hoof length (p<0.05) than healthy animals. The dermal laminae had similar measurements for thickness, length, and spacing between them between SG and HG. Animals with laminitis showed congestion, hemorrhage, and basement membrane irregularities on histology. Computed microtomography (μCT) revealed that the hoof density of sick animals is lower than healthy ones. According to the mineral composition by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometry, the hooves of animals with laminitis (SG) and healthy ones (HG) were not biochemically different. Therefore, the occurrence of clinical laminitis in Nellore cattle in the first weeks of confinement causes an increase in the morphometric parameters of the hoof capsule and a reduction in the density of the abaxial hoof wall evaluated after the finishing period. This disease does not promote changes in the histomorphometric parameters of the dermal laminae and the percentage of minerals in the abaxial hoof wall.

RESUMO: A laminite é uma doença que afeta a derme e epiderme do casco de bovinos gerando alterações no estojo córneo. O estudo avaliou os efeitos da laminite clínica diagnosticada após a fase de adaptação ao confinamento na morfologia, densidade e composição mineral do casco de bovinos da raça Nelore após terminação. Nas primeiras semanas de confinamento, os animais foram separados em um grupo doente (GD) com laminite clínica e em um grupo saudável (GS). Os animais do GD apresentaram maior comprimento de talão, comprimento da parede dorsal, altura da pinça e comprimento diagonal do casco (p<0,05) do que os saudáveis. As lâminas dérmicas tiveram medidas semelhantes para espessura, comprimento e espaçamento entre elas entre GD e GS. Animais doentes apresentaram congestão, hemorragia e irregularidades da membrana basal na histologia. A microtomografia computadorizada (μCT) revelou que a densidade do casco de animais doentes é menor do que o saudável. Para a composição mineral por meio da espectrometria de fluorescência de raio-X por dispersão de energia (ED-XRF), o casco dos animais doentes (GD) e dos saudáveis (GS), não se mostraram diferentes bioquimicamente. Conclui-se que a ocorrência de laminite clínica em bovinos da raça Nelore nas primeiras semanas de confinamento ocasiona aumento de parâmetros morfométricos do estojo córneo e redução da densidade da parede abaxial do casco, avaliados após o período de terminação. Essa enfermidade não promove modificações nos parâmetros histomorfométricos das lâminas dérmicas e na porcentagem de minerais da parede abaxial do casco.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7131

Foam mat drying kinetics of jambolan and acerola mixed pulp
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Matos, Joana D’arc P. de

; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F. de

; Queiroz, Alexandre J. de M.

; Moraes, Maria S. de

; Silva, Semirames do N.

; Silva, Luis P. F. R. da

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jul 2022, Volume 26 N. 7 Pages 502 - 512

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A acerola e o jambolão são frutos com diversos compostos bioativos de origem fenólica e a composição de um produto elaborado com essas duas matérias-primas se afigura como um alimento com elevado potencial antioxidante e nutracêutico. Diante disso, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a secagem em camada de espuma da polpa mista de jambolão e acerola. Foram elaboradas formulações com a polpa mista, contendo 1,0% de albumina com 0,5% de goma xantana (F1), 0,5% de carboximetilcelulose - CMC (F2) e 0,5% de goma guar (F3), desidratadas a 50, 60, 70 e 80 °C, com espessura da camada de espuma de 0,5 cm. A elevação da temperatura de secagem diminuiu o teor de água e tempo de desidratação das amostras. Os menores tempos de secagem foram obtidos na formulação F3; todos os modelos de secagem resultaram em bons ajustes, com destaque para Midilli. A maior difusividade efetiva foi obtida na formulação F3; a energia de ativação foi maior na combinação da F1. As amostras com albumina-guar (F3) apresentaram maiores entalpia e entropia e as com albumina-xantana (F1) as maiores energias livres de Gibbs. A secagem em camada de espuma é uma forma eficiente de conservação da polpa mista de jambolão e acerola.

ABSTRACT Acerola and jambolan are fruits with several bioactive compounds of phenolic origin and a product made with these two raw materials appears to be a food with high antioxidant and nutraceutical potential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the foam mat drying of the mixed pulp of jambolan and acerola. Mixed pulp formulations, containing 1.0% albumin with 0.5% xanthan gum (F1), 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (F2) and 0.5% guar gum (F3), were dehydrated at 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C, with foam mat thickness of 0.5 cm. The elevation of the drying temperature decreased the water content and dehydration time of the samples. Formulation F3 obtained the shortest drying times; all drying models resulted in good adjustments, especially Midilli. Formulation F3 obtained greater effective diffusivity; the activation energy was higher in the F1 combination. The samples with albumin-guar (F3) showed greater enthalpy and entropy and samples with albumin-xanthan gum (F1) showed the highest Gibbs free energy. Foam mat drying is an efficient way of preserving the jambolan and acerola mixed pulp.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n7p502-512

Produção e efeito da germinação em sementes de jaca: caracterização química, física e físico-química
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Silva, Luís P. F. R. da

; Queiroz, Alexandre J. M.

; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F.

; Campos, Ana Regina N.

; Matos, Joana D. P. de

; Moraes, Maria Suiane de

; Silva, Semirames do N.

; Gonçalves, Mailson G.

; Mascarenhas, Nágela M. H.

; Medeiros Neto, Moises S. de

; Rodrigues, Larissa M. S.

; Vieira, Agdylannah F.

; Costa, Zanelli R. T.

; Moura, Rodrigo L.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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jun 2022, Volume 45 N. 1-2 Pages 51 - 60

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Jackfruit is an exotic fruit present in the Northeast region of Brazil, presenting a great economic potential for the region because of the internal and external commercialization of its fruit. Its seed is rich in carbohydrates, protein, minerals and vitamins, and is an alternative source of starch and for food. Germination is an easily accessible, inexpensive technology for the production of sprouts, improving the bioavailability of nutrients in the seed for consumption, such as proteins and bioactive compounds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical, physical and physicochemical parameters of fresh and germinated jackfruit seeds. The germination of jackfruit seeds increased the contents of water, proteins, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and total sugars, in addition to reducing the content of starch, lipids, tannins and the parameters of color, luminosity, red (+ a*) and yellow (+b*) intensities. In relation to the physical properties of the seed, there was an increase in the real specific mass and in the unit mass. For apparent specific mass there was a reduction. Seed germination provided an increase in the levels of magnesium, iron and sodium, consequently reducing potassium, phosphorus, calcium, zinc, copper and manganese.

Resumo A jaca é um fruto exótico presente na região Nordeste do Brasil, apresentando um grande potencial econômico para região em face da comercialização interna e externa do seu fruto. Sua semente é rica em carboidratos, proteína, minerais e vitaminas, constituindo fonte alternativa de amido para alimentação. A germinação é uma tecnologia barata de fácil acesso para produção de brotos, melhorando a biodisponibilidade de nutrientes na semente para o consumo, a exemplo das proteínas e compostos bioativos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros químicos, físicos e físico-químicos das sementes de jaca in natura e germinadas. A germinação das sementes de jaca proporcionou o aumento nos teores de água, proteínas, ácido ascórbico, compostos fenólicos e açúcares totais, além de reduzir os conteúdo de amido, lipídios, taninos e os parâmetros de cor, a luminosidade, intensidade de vermelho (+a*) e de amarelo (+b*). Em relação às propriedades físicas da semente, ocorreu acréscimo na massa específica real e na massa unitária. Para massa específica aparente houve redução. A germinação das sementes proporcionou aumento nos teores de magnésio, ferro e sódio, consequentemente ocorrendo redução de potássio, fósforo, cálcio, zinco, cobre e manganês.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.25988

10.

GENETIC PARAMETERS AND DIVERSITY, AND CORRELATIONS IN ONION STRAINS
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SEGUNDO, VANESSA CLÁUDIA VASCONCELOS

; INNECCO, RENATO

; FREITAS, JOELSON ANDRÉ

; LIMA, EVELINE NOGUEIRA

; NOGUEIRA, ANA PAULA OLIVEIRA

; LUZ, JOSÉ MAGNO QUEIROZ

Revista Caatinga

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jun 2022, Volume 35 N. 2 Pages 352 - 362

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os programas de melhoramento vegetal têm investido no desenvolvimento de cebolas com alto padrão comercial e para tal dependem dos recursos genéticos disponíveis para a obtenção de híbridos comerciais. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros genéticos, diversidade genética e as correlações fenotípicas e genotípicas de caracteres relacionados à produção de cebola. O experimento foi realizado em Uberlândia - Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram avaliadas 53 linhagens de cebola. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso. Foram avaliadas 13 características de planta e bulbo. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no programa Genes e R. Observou-se a existência de variabilidade genética entre os genótipos para a maioria dos caracteres ao nível de 1% pelo teste F. A herdabilidade da maioria dos caracteres apresentou valores moderados a altos (≥ 70%) e relação CVg/CVe alta (≥1). O método UPGMA possibilitou separar os genótipos em 20 grupos e de forma semelhante o método de Tocher separou os mesmos em 19 grupos. Os grupos que mais se destacaram foram V, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX e XX. Houve seis correlações fenotípicas significativas pelo teste t com grau de associação baixo a moderado, e as correlações genotípicas, em sua maioria, mostraram-se superiores às fenotípicas e apresentaram o mesmo sinal. A partir dos parâmetros genéticos estudados existe alta possibilidade de ganhos na seleção. Há ampla variabilidade genética para os caracteres estudados o que permitiu a separação de grupos de genitores divergentes. Adicionalmente, as correlações fenotípicas e genotípicas mostraram inviabilidade para seleção indireta.

ABSTRACT Plant breeding programs have been investing in the development of high commercial standard onions; thus, they depend on the genetic resources available for obtaining commercial hybrids. The objective of this study was to evaluate genetic parameters and diversity, and phenotypic and genotypic correlations of characters related to onion production. The experiment was conducted in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fifty-three onion strains were evaluated, and a randomized block design was used. The number of plant and bulb characteristics evaluated was 13. The statistical analyses were performed using Genes and R software. A genetic variability among the genotypes was found for most of the characters at 1% level of significance in the F test. The heritability of most characters presented moderate to high values (≥ 70%) and high CVg/CVe ratio (≥ 1). The UPGMA method separated the genotypes into 20 groups, while the Tocher method separated them into 19 groups. The groups that stood out were V, XIV, XV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, and XX. The results of t-test showed six significant phenotypic correlations with low to moderate degree of association, and the genotypic correlations, in most cases, were higher than the phenotypic ones and showed the same sign. From the genetic parameters studied, the possibility of gains in the selection is high. The separation of groups of divergent genitors was possible due to the wide genetic variability for the studied characters. Moreover, the phenotypic and genotypic correlations showed that indirect selection is not feasible.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n211rc

11.

Modelling of rheological behaviour of macaíba pulp at different temperatures
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Brasileiro, Jéssica L. O.

; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F. de

; Queiroz, Alexandre J. de M.

; Feitosa, Regilane M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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mar 2022, Volume 26 N. 3 Pages 198 - 203

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO As polpas de frutas estão sujeitas a mudanças de temperatura durante o processo de fabricação que podem alterar a viscosidade. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o comportamento reológico da polpa de macaíba em diferentes condições de temperatura (10 a 50 °C, com incrementos de 5 ºC) e velocidades de rotação (2,5 a 200 rpm, totalizando 17 velocidades). As medições experimentais foram realizadas em viscosímetro Brookfield e os modelos Ostwald-de-Waele, Mizrahi-Berk, Herschel-Bulkley e Casson foram ajustados aos dados experimentais de tensão de cisalhamento em função da taxa de deformação. Dentre os modelos testados, o modelo que descreveu com maior precisão os reogramas foi o modelo de Mizrahi-Berk (R² > 0,9656 e desvio percentual médio P ≤ 4,1%). A polpa de macaíba comportou-se como fluido não-newtoniano com características pseudoplásticas apresentando valores de índice de comportamento menores que a unidade, nas condições estudadas, apresentando diminuição da viscosidade aparente com o aumento da temperatura e taxa de deformação, podendo ser expressa através da equação de Arrhenius. Os modelos de Mizrahi-Berk e Falguera-Ibarz (R² > 0,99 e P ≤ 10%) foram os que obtiveram melhores ajustes podendo ser utilizados na predição do comportamento da viscosidade da polpa de macaíba. A polpa apresentou valores de energia de ativação variando entre 17,53 a 25,37 kJ mol -1, tendo características reológicas similares a outras polpas de frutas.

ABSTRACT Fruit pulps undergo temperature variations during processing, leading to viscosity changes. This study aimed to analyse the rheological behaviour of macaíba pulp at different temperatures (10 to 50 ºC, with 5 ºC increments) and speeds (2.5 to 200 rpm, totalling 17 speeds). Experimental measurements were performed in a Brookfield viscometer, fitting the Ostwald-de-Waele, Mizrahi-Berk, Herschel-Bulkley, and Casson models to the experimental data of shear stress as a function of shear rate. Among the models used, the Mizrahi-Berk model (R² > 0.9656 and average percentage deviation - P ≤ 4.1%) was found to best fit the rheogram data. Macaíba pulp exhibited a non-newtonian behaviour and was characterised as pseudoplastic. It showed fluid behaviour indexes below unity under the studied conditions, with decreases in apparent viscosity as temperature and shear rate increased. Such behaviour could be described by the Arrhenius equation. The Mizrahi-Berk and Falguera-Ibarz models (R² > 0.99 and P ≤ 10%) best fitted the data and were used to represent the viscosity behaviour of macaíba pulp. The activation energy values of macaíba pulp ranged between 17.53 and 25.37 kJ mol-1, showing a rheological behaviour like other fruit pulps.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n3p198-203

12.

Mathematical modeling and thermodynamic properties in the drying of citron watermelon seeds
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Leite, Daniela D. de F.

; Queiroz, Alexandre J. de M.

; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F. de

; Santos, Francislaine S. dos

; Silva, Semirames do N.

; Santos, Dyego da C.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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jan 2022, Volume 26 N. 1 Pages 67 - 74

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A melancia africana é um produto agrícola de excelente potencial econômico. Suas sementes são muito utilizadas para extração de óleo, servindo como fonte energética, demonstrando características nutricionais que a habilitam como produto a ser estudado. Assim, objetivou-se caracterizar quanto à composição físico-química, as sementes de melancia africana, além de determinar a cinética de secagem, ajustar modelos matemáticos aos dados, determinar os coeficientes de difusividade efetiva e propriedades termodinâmicas. As sementes foram submetidas à secagem em secador convectivo, variando-se a temperatura de secagem, com velocidade do ar de 1,0 m s-1. Com o aumento da temperatura de secagem diminuiu o teor de água, atividade de água, teor de cinzas, acidez total titulável, lipídios e açúcar redutor. As sementes de melancia africana são ricas em lipídios e cinzas, tem baixos teores de açúcares e baixa acidez; as cinéticas de secagem foram muito bem descritas pelos modelos Dois Termos e Aproximação da Difusão, seguidos pelos modelos de Midilli e Page, que resultaram em ajustes aceitáveis. A difusividade efetiva acompanhou o aumento da temperatura de secagem, e este comportamento foi satisfatoriamente ajustado por equação do tipo Arrhenius. As variações de entalpia e entropia foram reduzidas com a temperatura de secagem, com aumentos da energia livre de Gibbs.

ABSTRACT Citron watermelon is an agricultural product of excellent economic potential. Its seeds are widely used for oil extraction, serving as an energy source, showing nutritional characteristics that make them a suitable product to be studied. Thus, the objective was to characterize citron watermelon seeds regarding their physicochemical composition, in addition to determining drying kinetics, fitting mathematical models to the data, and determining the effective diffusivity coefficients and thermodynamic properties. The seeds were dried in a convective dryer, varying the drying temperature, with air velocity of 1.0 m s-1. With the increase in drying temperature, there were reductions in moisture content, water activity (aw), ash concentration, total titratable acidity, lipids and reducing sugar. Citron watermelon seeds are rich in lipids and ash, have low sugar concentration and low acidity; their drying kinetics was very well described by the Two Terms and Approximation of Diffusion models, followed by the models of Midilli and Page, which resulted in acceptable fits. Effective diffusivity accompanied the increase in drying temperature, and this behavior was well fitted by an Arrhenius-type equation. Enthalpy and entropy variations were reduced with drying temperature, with increments in Gibbs free energy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n1p67-74 76 downloads

13.

Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and quality of life after bilateral implantation of multifocal diffractive intraocular lens
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Queiroz, Marjorie F. N

; Ferreira, Felipe Q. T

; Shimoda, Gilberto

; Padovani, Carlos Roberto

; Lottelli, Antonio C

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia

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2022, N. ahead

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20230054

14.

Country-specific lockdown measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on tuberculosis control: a global study
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Migliori, Giovanni Battista

; Thong, Pei Min

; Alffenaar, Jan-Willem

; Denholm, Justin

; Tadolini, Marina

; Alyaquobi, Fatma

; Al-Abri, Seif

; Blanc, François-Xavier

; Buonsenso, Danilo

; Chakaya, Jeremiah

; Cho, Jin-Gun

; Codecasa, Luigi Ruffo

; Danila, Edvardas

; Duarte, Raquel

; Dukpa, Rada

; García-García, José-María

; Gualano, Gina

; Kurhasani, Xhevat

; Manika, Katerina

; Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz

; Pahl, Kristin

; Rendon, Adrian

; Sotgiu, Giovanni

; Souleymane, Mahamadou Bassirou

; Thomas, Tania A.

; Tiberi, Simon

; Kunst, Heinke

; Udwadia, Zarir F.

; Goletti, Delia

; Centis, Rosella

; D’Ambrosio, Lia

; Silva, Denise Rossato

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2022, Volume 48 N. 2 elocation e20220087

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as medidas de confinamento específicas de cada país e os indicadores de tuberculose coletados durante o primeiro ano da pandemia de COVID-19. Dados referentes a confinamento/restrições sociais (uso obrigatório de máscaras faciais e higiene obrigatória das mãos; restrições a viagens internacionais e locais; restrições a visitas familiares e fechamento das escolas) foram coletados de 24 países em cinco continentes. A maioria dos países implantou múltiplos confinamentos, com reabertura parcial ou total. Houve uma redução geral dos casos de tuberculose ativa, tuberculose resistente e tuberculose latente. Embora os confinamentos nacionais tenham sido eficazes na contenção dos casos de COVID-19, vários indicadores de tuberculose foram afetados durante a pandemia.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to describe country-specific lockdown measures and tuberculosis indicators collected during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on lockdown/social restrictions (compulsory face masks and hand hygiene; international and local travel restrictions; restrictions to family visits, and school closures) were collected from 24 countries spanning five continents. The majority of the countries implemented multiple lockdowns with partial or full reopening. There was an overall decrease in active tuberculosis, drug-resistant tuberculosis, and latent tuberculosis cases. Although national lockdowns were effective in containing COVID-19 cases, several indicators of tuberculosis were affected during the pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20220087

15.

Antarctic environments as a source of bacterial and fungal therapeutic enzymes
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LIMA, IGOR G.O.

; BISPO, JAMES R.S.

; AGOSTINHO, ADSON Y.H.

; QUEIROZ, ALINE C. DE

; MOREIRA, MAGNA SUZANA A.

; PASSARINI, MICHEL RODRIGO Z.

; OLIVEIRA, VALÉRIA M. DE

; SETTE, LARA D.

; ROSA, LUIZ HENRIQUE

; DUARTE, ALYSSON WAGNER F.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Suppl. 1 elocation e20210452

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Microbial therapeutic enzymes are the protagonists in the pharmacological treatment of different human diseases. The intrinsic enzymatic characteristics, such as high affinity and specificity to the corresponding substrate, enable effective therapies, with minimal adverse effects and complete remission. However, immunogenicity, short half-life, low enzymatic yield, and low selectivity regarding available enzyme drugs are currently the main obstacles to their development and the broad adherence to therapeutic protocols. By harboring adapted and still unexplored microbial life, environments of extreme conditions, such as Antarctica, become especially important in the prospecting and development of new enzymatic compounds that present higher yields and the possibility of genetic improvement. Antarctic microorganisms have adaptation mechanisms, such as more fluid cell membranes, production of antifreeze proteins and enzymes with more malleable structures, more robust, stable, selective catalytic sites for their respective substrates, and high antioxidant capacity. In this context, this review aims to explore enzymes synthesized by bacteria and fungi from Antarctica as potential drug producers, capable of providing therapeutic efficacy, less adverse effects, and lower production costs with highlight to L-Asparaginase, collagenase, superoxide dismutase and ribonucleases. In addition, this review highlights the unique biotechnological profile of these Antarctic extremophile microorganisms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210452

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