ABSTRACT: This study estimated the growth of body, carcass, primal cuts, edible offal, and feathers of Japanese quail reared in two thermal environments, receiving three nutritional plans, from one to 39 days of age. A total of 576 one-day-old female chicks (Coturnix japonica) with an average initial weight of 7.51±0.75g/bird were evaluated in a completely randomized design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (three nutritional plans × two temperatures). The animals were housed in two climatic chambers, at 25 ºC and 35 ºC, using 12 replications with eight birds per experimental unit. Nutritional plans (NP) were as follows: NP1: one diet from 1-21days and another from 22-39 days; NP2: one diet from 1-14 days and another from 15-39 days; and NP3: a single diet from 1-39 days. The growth curves and growth rates of body, carcass, primal cuts, feathers, and edible offal were evaluated using the Gompertz mathematical model. Quail fed NP3 showed higher growth curves and rates for body, carcass, drumstick +thigh, and feather. There was an effect on maturity rate, which was lowest in quail housed at 35 ºC. Among the animals kept at 25 ºC, the group fed NP3 exhibited the highest growth rate and breast weight. The nutritional plan consisting of a single diet offered from 1 to 39 days, formulated based on the tables for Japanese and European quail, is the most suitable for estimating the growth curves (Gompertz model) of Japanese quail housed at 25 ºC or 35 ºC.

RESUMO: Objetivou-se estimar o crescimento corporal, carcaça, cortes nobres, vísceras comestíveis e penas de codornas japonesas criadas em dois ambientes térmicos e alimentadas com três planos nutricionais de um a 39 dias. Foram utilizadas 576 pintainhas (Coturnix japônica), fêmeas, com um dia de idade, com peso médio inicial 7,51 ± 0,75g/ave, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 × 2 (três planos nutricionais x duas temperaturas), alojadas em duas câmaras climáticas de 25º e 35 ºC, com 12 repetições e oito aves por unidade experimental. Os planos nutricionais foram: plano nutricional um (PN1) - uma dieta de 1-21 dias e uma dieta de 22-39 dias; plano nutricional dois (PN2) - uma dieta de 1-14 dias e uma dieta de 15-39 dias; e plano nutricional três (PN3) - dieta única de 1-39 dias. Foram avaliadas as curvas e taxas de crescimento corporal, carcaça, cortes nobres, penas e vísceras comestíveis, através do modelo matemático de Gompertz. Codornas alimentadas com PN3 apresentaram maiores curvas e taxas de crescimento corporal, de carcaça, coxa + sobrecoxa e penas. Houve efeito para taxa de maturidade, sendo inferior para codornas alojadas em 35 ºC. Nas aves mantidas em 25 ºC, observou-se maior taxa de crescimento e peso de peito nas codornas alimentadas com PN3. O plano nutricional composto por uma única dieta ofertada durante o período de um a 39 dias, formulado com base nas recomendações das tabelas para codornas japonesas e europeias, é o mais indicado para estimar curvas de crescimento no modelo de Gompertz de codornas japonesas alojadas em 25 ºC ou 35 ºC.

Abstract Objective To describe acute kidney injury prevalence in young adults diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Methods This is a retrospective, quantitative and analytical study. The sample consisted of young adults (20 to 40 years old) admitted to Intensive Care Units, diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection between March and December 2020. Data were obtained through electronic medical records, and kidney injury acute was defined by the creatinine value, according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines criteria. Statistical significance was p≤0.05. Results A total of 58 young adults were hospitalized, 63.8% of whom were male. Hypertension was present in 39.6%, obesity in 18.9%, and diabetes mellitus in 8.6%. Acute kidney injury was identified in 55.1%, with stage 3 predominating in 43.1% of them. In these patients, the use of mechanical ventilation and vasoactive drugs was significant in 92% as well as respiratory organ dysfunction (80%), followed by renal organ dysfunction (76%). Risk factors such as kidney transplantation or chronic kidney disease and obesity increased by 12.3 and 9.0 times, respectively, the chances of developing acute kidney injury. Conclusion This study demonstrated a high kidney injury prevalence in young adults and its association with previous comorbidities. Obesity, kidney transplantation and chronic kidney disease increased the chance of young adults to develop acute kidney injury, resulting in outcomes in favor of morbidity and mortality.

Resumen Objetivo Describir la prevalencia de lesión renal aguda en adultos jóvenes con diagnóstico de COVID-19 admitidos en unidad de cuidados intensivos. Métodos Estudio retrospectivo, cuantitativo y analítico. La muestra fue de adultos jóvenes (20 a 40 años) admitidos en unidades de cuidados intensivos, con diagnóstico de infección por SARS-CoV-2 entre marzo y diciembre de 2020. Los datos se obtuvieron por medio de historias clínicas electrónicas, y la lesión renal aguda fue definida por el valor de la creatinina, de acuerdo con criterios de las directrices de la Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. La significación estadística fue de p≤0,05. Resultados Hubo 58 adultos jóvenes internados, el 63,8 % de sexo masculino. La hipertensión arterial sistémica estuvo presente en el 39,6 %, la obesidad en el 18,9 % y la diabetes mellitus en el 8,6 %. Se identificó lesión renal aguda en el 55,1 %, de nivel 3 como predominante en el 43,1 % de los casos. En esos pacientes, el uso de ventilación mecánica y de drogas vasoactivas fue significativo en el 92 %, así como también la disfunción orgánica respiratoria (80 %), seguida de la renal (76 %). Los factores de riesgo, como trasplante renal o enfermedad renal crónica y obesidad, aumentaron 12,3 y 9,0 veces respectivamente la probabilidad de presentar lesión renal aguda. Conclusión Este estudio demostró alta prevalencia de lesión renal en adultos jóvenes y su asociación con comorbilidades previas. La obesidad, el trasplante renal y la enfermedad renal crónica aumentaron la probabilidad de que los adultos jóvenes presenten lesión renal aguda, lo que da como resultado desenlaces a favor de la morbimortalidad.

Resumo Objetivo Descrever a prevalência de lesão renal aguda em adultos jovens com diagnóstico da COVID-19 admitidos em unidade terapia intensiva. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo, quantitativo e analítico. A amostra foi de adultos jovens (20 a 40 anos) admitidos em unidades de terapia intensiva, com diagnóstico de infecção por SARS-CoV-2 entre março e dezembro de 2020. Os dados foram obtidos por meio do prontuário eletrônico, e a lesão renal aguda foi definida pelo valor da creatinina, segundo critérios das diretrizes da Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. A significância estatística foi de p≤0,05. Resultados Foram internados 58 adultos jovens, sendo 63,8% do sexo masculino. A hipertensão arterial sistêmica esteve presente em 39,6%, a obesidade em 18,9% e o diabetes mellitus em 8,6%. A lesão renal aguda foi identificada em 55,1%, sendo o estágio 3 predominante em 43,1% deles. Nesses pacientes, o uso de ventilação mecânica e de drogas vasoativas foi significativo em 92%, assim como a disfunção orgânica respiratória (80%), seguida da renal (76%). Fatores de risco, como transplante renal ou doença renal crônica e obesidade, aumentaram em 12,3 e 9,0 vezes, respectivamente, a chance de desenvolver lesão renal aguda. Conclusão Este estudo demonstrou alta prevalência de lesão renal em adultos jovens e sua associação com comorbidades prévias. Obesidade, transplante renal e doença renal crônica elevaram a chance de o adulto jovem desenvolver lesão renal aguda, resultando em desfechos a favor da morbimortalidade.

ABSTRACT Biological invasions have unequivocally demonstrated to be one of the main global causes of biodiversity detriment. The objective of the research consisted in proposing a system of socio-cultural activities in the fishing villages of Isabela de Sagua and Caibarién, in the province of Villa Clara Cuba, to contribute to the knowledge of Invasive Alien Species, and their undesirable effects on Cuban marine ecosystems and on human health and in particular on the species Pterois volitans, known as lionfish. For the effective development of this research, information gathering and processing methods were used to approach the multilateral study of the research object. The research represented a novel way of appropriating new knowledge about the species P. volitans on the part of the inhabitants of these fishing villages. In the interviews conducted, it was found that some villagers had some knowledge about the lionfish, but not about the harmful effects that this animal can cause to Cuban marine ecosystems and human health. It is concluded that the lionfish invasion is a reminder of how a foreign species can become established and cause harmful effects.

RESUMEN Las invasiones biológicas han demostrado de forma inequívoca ser una de las primordiales causas mundiales del detrimento de la biodiversidad. El objetivo de la investigación consistió en proponer un sistema de actividades socioculturales en los poblados pesqueros de Isabela de Sagua y Caibarién, en la provincia de Villa Clara Cuba, para contribuir al conocimiento de las Especies Exóticas Invasoras, y sus efectos indeseables a los ecosistemas marinos cubanos y a la salud humana y en particular de la especie Pterois volitans, conocida como Pez León. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación, se emplearon métodos de recopilación de información y procesamiento de estas. La investigación representó una manera novedosa de apropiarse de nuevos conocimientos sobre la especie P. volitans por parte de los habitantes de dichos poblados pesqueros. En las entrevistas realizadas, se pudo constatar que algunos pobladores poseían ciertos conocimientos sobre el Pez León, no así de los efectos nocivos que puede provocar este animal a los ecosistemas marinos cubanos y a la salud humana. Se concluye que la invasión del Pez León es un recordatorio de cómo una especie foránea puede establecerse y provocar efectos nocivos.

Resumen: La diabetes mellitus, un padecimiento crónico y progresivo, ocupó el tercer lugar en defunciones durante el período comprendido de enero a junio de 2021 en México. Su complicación crónica más frecuente es la neuropatía diabética que tiene un impacto importante en el sistema nervioso. En la Ciudad de México se reunió un grupo multidisciplinario de expertos para establecer un algoritmo de tratamiento que considere los aspectos sintomáticos y etiopatogénicos de la neuropatía diabética. Se utilizó un método Delphi en tiempo real con dos rondas de preguntas interactivas. La implementación del algoritmo propuesto permitirá abordar de manera integral al paciente diabético con neuropatía dolorosa y no dolorosa, tanto en el terreno de los síntomas como en la etiopatogenia. Este abordaje brinda la oportunidad de mejorar la calidad de vida y lograr la reinserción a la vida familiar y laboral. El panel de expertos recomienda al ácido tióctico como tratamiento etiopatogénico de primera línea en la neuropatía diabética.

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus, a chronic and progressive condition, was the third most common cause of death in Mexico between January and June 2021. Its most frequent chronic complication is diabetic neuropathy, which has a major impact on the nervous system. A multidisciplinary group of experts met in Mexico City to establish a treatment algorithm considering the symptomatic and etiopathogenic aspects of diabetic neuropathy. A real-time Delphi method with two rounds of interative questions was used. The implementation of the proposed algorithm will allow a comprehensive approach to the diabetic patient with painful and non-painful neuropathy, both in terms of symptoms and etiopathogenesis. This approach provides the opportunity to improve quality of life and achieve reintegration into family and work life. The expert panel recommends thioctic acid as the first line etiopathogenic treatment for diabetic neuropathy.

ABSTRACT In the early 1870s, many enslaved people who escaped the properties where they lived and worked used the forests of the Cotinguiba Valley - the main agro-economic region of Sergipe Del Rey, Brazil - to build communities of resistance and hope called “quilombos”. These communities, even those established in more distant municipalities, were mobile, and people often clandestinely returned to the slave quarters of the ranches they had escaped from in order to secure supplies. They strategically resorted, thus, to continuous detachment, dispersion and interaction to ensure their survival. The meanings of these displacements, understood from the concept of mobile community proposed by Flávio Gomes and Maria Helena Pereira Toledo Machado, as well as the importance of the support network that permeated the quilombos, will be presented based on the analysis of the experiences of enslaved men and women who were part of the São José quilombola community.

RESUMEN Al inicio de la década de 1870, los montes del Vale do Cotinguiba, principal región agroeconómica de Sergipe Del Rey, fueron usados como escenarios de resistencia y de esperanza para muchos esclavizados y esclavizadas que escaparon de las propiedades donde residían y lograron reunirse en los quilombos. Aunque estaban localizados en municipios más distantes, los ranchos que componían esos quilombos eran en no raras ocasiones, accesados por una pequeña comunidad del quilombo, que, estratégicamente, encontró en el desplazamiento continuo, en la dispersión y en la interacción, sobre todo con las comunidades de las senzalas, los suministros, los medios y las condiciones necesarias para sobrevivir. Los sentidos de esos desplazamientos, comprendidos a través del concepto de comunidad rodante propuesto por Flávio Gomes y Maria Helena Pereira Toledo Machado, así como la importancia de la red de apoyo que permeaba los quilombos, serán aquí presentados a partir del análisis de las experiencias de los esclavizados y esclavizadas que integraban esta comunidad de quilombo de São José.

RESUMO No início da década de 1870, os matos do Vale do Cotinguiba, principal região agroeconômica de Sergipe Del Rey, foram usados como cenários de resistência e de esperança para muitos escravizados e escravizadas que escaparam das propriedades onde residiam e passaram a se reunir em quilombos. Mesmo quando estavam posicionados em municípios mais distantes, os ranchos que compunham esses quilombos eram, em não raras ocasiões, acessados por uma pequena comunidade quilombola, que, estrategicamente, encontrou no descolamento contínuo, na dispersão e na interação, sobretudo com as comunidades das senzalas, os suprimentos, os meios e as condições necessárias para sobreviverem. Os sentidos desses deslocamentos, compreendidos a partir do conceito de comunidade volante proposto por Flávio Gomes e Maria Helena Pereira Toledo Machado, assim como a importância da rede de apoio que permeava os quilombos, serão aqui apresentados a partir da análise das experiências dos escravizados e escravizadas que integravam a comunidade quilombola do São José.

ABSTRACT Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in research should focus on the engagement of patients/carers in every stage of the research cycle. However, the inconsistent level of education and research experience may compromise this involvement and training and support are recommended. In Portugal, consistent training to empower patients in their health decisions, or to be involved in research is neither available nor adapted for the patients and public. Our main goal is to develop and deliver the first high-quality and comprehensive online educational programme for adult patients with asthma and their carers, based on patients’/carers’ needs and preferences. The project includes four tasks. In Task 1, we will identify and organise the most important topics on asthma and health research, based on the identification of educational needs of adult patients/carers with asthma and the expertise of asthma specialists, using Delphi methodology. In Task 2, we will design and implement a high-quality, free, online self-learning programme based on reliable sources of information and on patients’/carers’ preferences. In Task 3, we will assess its feasibility, satisfaction and impact. Finally, Task 4 will be centred on the management and dissemination. Patients and carers will be actively engaged in all stages of this project as co-researchers, including the writing of this protocol. By the end of this project, we expect to have implemented the first high-quality, free-of-charge, online self-learning programme on asthma and health research, adapted for adult patients with asthma and their carers. It will be available for all patients/carers not only from Portugal but also from all Lusophone countries. This programme will empower patients and carers to increase their knowledge about the disease, develop new skills and have the opportunity to learn about research. Ultimately, it will introduce the knowledge patients/carers need to represent themselves and influence health policies in Portugal successfully.

RESUMO O envolvimento dos doentes e cidadãos na investigação (PPI) deve ocorrer em todas as etapas do ciclo de investigação. No entanto, a inconsistência nos níveis educacionais e na experiência de investigação pode ser um entrave significativo de uma participação ativa. Assim, ações de formação e suporte são recomendadas. Em Portugal, não existe formação específica para capacitar os doentes nas suas decisões de saúde, ou para se envolverem em investigação. O objetivo principal é desenvolver e tornar acessível o primeiro programa educacional online de elevada qualidade para doentes adultos com asma e seus cuidadores, com base nas suas necessidades e preferências. O projeto inclui 4 tarefas. Na tarefa 1 iremos identificar os tópicos mais importantes na área da asma e investigação em saúde, a partir da identificação das necessidades educacionais de doentes/cuidadores e da experiência de especialistas em asma, usando o método Delphi. Na tarefa 2 pretendemos desenhar e implementar um programa de elevada qualidade, gratuito e online, baseado em fontes de informação fiáveis e nas preferências de doentes/cuidadores. Na tarefa 3 vamos disseminar o programa e avaliar a sua exequibilidade, aceitabilidade e impacto. A tarefa 4 irá incidir na gestão e disseminação do projeto. Doentes e cuidadores estarão ativamente envolvidos em todas as tarefas do projeto como coinvestigadores, onde se inclui a escrita deste protocolo. No final deste projeto, esperamos ter implementado o primeiro programa de auto-aprendizagem de elevada qualidade, gratuito e online para a asma e investigação em saúde, adaptado para doentes/cuidadores com asma. Este programa irá capacitar doentes e cuidadores para aumentar o seu conhecimento sobre a doença, para desenvolver novas competências, e será uma oportunidade para aprenderem sobre investigação. Este programa permitirá também a introdução a conhecimentos necessários para doentes e cuidadores se fazerem representar e influenciarem as políticas em saúde em Portugal.

Abstract Introduction: It is estimated that, in Portugal, 94% of women use some contraceptive method. Combined hormonal contraception has been the preferred choice for most women. These contraceptive methods have several health benefits in addition to contraception, but they also carry some risks. Thus, it is of interest to assess whether the users are aware of them. Methods: Through the application of a questionnaire to 150 users of combined hormonal contraception aged between 18 and 50 years, being followed in consultations at primary health care units in Cova da Beira, the aim was to assess the literacy about the benefits and risks of their combined hormonal contraceptive method. Results: In the total of 13 questions about the benefits and risks of combined hormonal contraception, eight of them presented a percentage of women who admitted not knowing the answer greater than 50%. The most correctly answered question by women was related to the menstrual cycles, the most wrongly answered was related to headaches, and the one where women more often admitted not knowing the answer was the one about endometrial cancer. Of the total sample, 142 women indicated the doctor/nurse’s recommendation as the main reason for choosing the contraceptive method. Discussion: The high degree of ignorance of the benefits and risks of the contraceptive method may be due to insufficient provision of information by health professionals and/or lack of interest on the part of users. Conclusion: Users of combined hormonal contraception are not fully informed about the benefits and risks inherent to its use. In this way, it is necessary to find interventions that improve women’s literacy in relation to their contraceptive medication.

Resumo Introdução: Calcula-se que, em Portugal, 94% das mulheres usam algum método contracetivo. A contraceção hormonal combinada tem sido a escolha de eleição pela maioria das mulheres. Estes métodos contracetivos apresentam diversos benefícios para a saúde além da contraceção, mas também acarretam alguns riscos. Assim, é de interesse avaliar se as utilizadoras estão cientes dos mesmos. Método: Através da aplicação de um questionário a 150 utilizadoras de contraceção hormonal combinada com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 50 anos, acompanhadas nas consultas dos centros de saúde da Cova da Beira, pretendeu-se avaliar a literacia das utentes acerca dos benefícios e riscos do seu método contracetivo hormonal combinado. Resultados: No total das 13 questões relativas aos benefícios e riscos da contraceção hormonal combinada, em oito verificou-se uma percentagem de mulheres que admitiram não saber a resposta superior a 50%. A questão respondida mais acertadamente foi relativa aos ciclos menstruais, a mais erradamente foi relativa às cefaleias e aquela onde as mulheres mais frequentemente admitiram não saber a resposta foi a do cancro do endométrio. Do total da amostra, 142 mulheres apontaram a recomendação do médico/enfermeiro como principal motivo de escolha do método contracetivo. Discussão: O elevado grau de desconhecimento dos benefícios e riscos do método contracetivo pode dever-se à informação insuficiente providenciada pelos profissionais de saúde e/ou ao desinteresse manifestado pelas utentes. Conclusão: As utilizadoras de contraceção hormonal combinada não estão devidamente esclarecidas sobre os benefícios e riscos inerentes à sua utilização. Desta forma, é necessário encontrar métodos de intervenção que melhorem a literacia das mulheres face à sua medicação contracetiva. Para isso poder-se-ia proceder à entrega de folhetos informativos aquando da entrega do mesmo. Também poder-se-iam criar grupos de discussão nas redes sociais aproveitando as vantagens das tecnologias.

Abstract The scope of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of malocclusion (MO), estimate the prevalence and evaluate the associated factors in adolescents. It was a study with results of 5,558 adolescents aged 15 to 19 from the São Paulo Oral Health (SB) 2015 survey. The outcome was MO. Sociodemographic aspects, access to dental services, dental caries and tooth loss were the independent variables. A total of 162 municipalities in the state of São Paulo were included and spatial statistics techniques were applied. Hierarchical logistic regression models were performed. The prevalence of MO was 29.3%. There was a spread pattern between the types of MO and positive detachment (p<0,05). Non-white adolescents (OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.24-1.42), with less years of schooling (OR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.22-1.42), with teeth extracted due to caries (OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.03-1.88) were more likely to have MO. Adolescent access to dental consultation did not contribute to reducing the chance of developing MO, regardless of whether the dental consultation occurred less (OR=2.02, 95%CI: 1.65-2.47) or more than one year before (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.31-2.03). Thus, the occurrence of MO is unequally distributed in the state of São Paulo and associated with sociodemographic conditions, access to consultations and tooth loss due to caries.

Resumo O objetivo foi analisar a distribuição espacial da má oclusão (MO) em adolescentes, estimar a prevalência e avaliar os fatores associados. Estudo com dados de 5.558 adolescentes entre 15 e 19 anos de idade do inquérito - SB São Paulo 2015. O desfecho foi a MO. As variáveis independentes foram os aspectos sociodemográficos, acesso aos serviços odontológicos, cárie e perdas dentárias. Foram incluídos 162 municípios do estado de São Paulo e aplicadas técnicas de estatística espacial. Foram realizados modelos de regressão logística hierarquizada. A prevalência de MO foi de 29,3%. Houve um padrão de espalhamento entre os tipos de MO e correlação espacial positiva (p<0,05). Adolescentes não brancos (OR=1,32, IC95%: 1,24-1,42), com menor tempo de estudo (OR=1,30, IC95%: 1,22-1,42) e com dentes extraídos por cárie (OR=1,40, IC95%: 1,03-1,88) tiveram mais chances de apresentarem MO. O acesso dos adolescentes à consulta odontológica não contribuiu para reduzir a chance de apresentar a MO, independentemente de a consulta ao dentista ter ocorrido há menos (OR=2,02, IC95%: 1,65-2,47) ou há mais de um ano (OR=1,63, IC95%: 1,31-2,03). Assim, a ocorrência de MO é desigualmente distribuída no estado de São Paulo, e associada a condições sociodemográficas de acesso à consulta e perda dentária por cárie.

Abstract The scope of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of malocclusion (MO), estimate the prevalence and evaluate the associated factors in adolescents. It was a study with results of 5,558 adolescents aged 15 to 19 from the São Paulo Oral Health (SB) 2015 survey. The outcome was MO. Sociodemographic aspects, access to dental services, dental caries and tooth loss were the independent variables. A total of 162 municipalities in the state of São Paulo were included and spatial statistics techniques were applied. Hierarchical logistic regression models were performed. The prevalence of MO was 29.3%. There was a spread pattern between the types of MO and positive detachment (p<0,05). Non-white adolescents (OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.24-1.42), with less years of schooling (OR=1.30, 95%CI: 1.22-1.42), with teeth extracted due to caries (OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.03-1.88) were more likely to have MO. Adolescent access to dental consultation did not contribute to reducing the chance of developing MO, regardless of whether the dental consultation occurred less (OR=2.02, 95%CI: 1.65-2.47) or more than one year before (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.31-2.03). Thus, the occurrence of MO is unequally distributed in the state of São Paulo and associated with sociodemographic conditions, access to consultations and tooth loss due to caries.

Resumo O objetivo foi analisar a distribuição espacial da má oclusão (MO) em adolescentes, estimar a prevalência e avaliar os fatores associados. Estudo com dados de 5.558 adolescentes entre 15 e 19 anos de idade do inquérito - SB São Paulo 2015. O desfecho foi a MO. As variáveis independentes foram os aspectos sociodemográficos, acesso aos serviços odontológicos, cárie e perdas dentárias. Foram incluídos 162 municípios do estado de São Paulo e aplicadas técnicas de estatística espacial. Foram realizados modelos de regressão logística hierarquizada. A prevalência de MO foi de 29,3%. Houve um padrão de espalhamento entre os tipos de MO e correlação espacial positiva (p<0,05). Adolescentes não brancos (OR=1,32, IC95%: 1,24-1,42), com menor tempo de estudo (OR=1,30, IC95%: 1,22-1,42) e com dentes extraídos por cárie (OR=1,40, IC95%: 1,03-1,88) tiveram mais chances de apresentarem MO. O acesso dos adolescentes à consulta odontológica não contribuiu para reduzir a chance de apresentar a MO, independentemente de a consulta ao dentista ter ocorrido há menos (OR=2,02, IC95%: 1,65-2,47) ou há mais de um ano (OR=1,63, IC95%: 1,31-2,03). Assim, a ocorrência de MO é desigualmente distribuída no estado de São Paulo, e associada a condições sociodemográficas de acesso à consulta e perda dentária por cárie.

ABSTRACT Purpose Bladder endometriosis (BE) accounts for 84% of cases of urinary tract involvement. The use of cystoscopy for preoperative evaluation is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of preoperative dynamic cystoscopy (DC) in patients undergoing surgery for deep endometriosis and to describe the main findings and their impact on surgical planning. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January 2011 to March 2022. DC findings were divided into two groups according to the depth of involvement. To estimate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), laparoscopic findings of bladder involvement and histopathological report were used as the gold standard. Results We included 157 patients in this study. 41 had abnormalities in DC. Of these, 39 had abnormalities that were confirmed intraoperatively. The sensitivity and specificity of the test were 58.21% and 97.78%, respectively. PPV was 95.12%, and NPV was 75.86%. The presence of any lesions in the DC had a diagnostic odds ratio (OR) of 61.28 for BE. Patients with BE type 2 had a higher rate of partial cystectomy than those with BE type 1 lesions (OR 9.72 CI 95% 1.9-49.1) Conclusion DC appears to be a highly specific test with lower sensitivity. DC abnormalities are associated with a higher ratio of bladder surgery for the treatment of deep endometriosis, and BE type 2 seems to be associated with a greater ratio (9.72) of partial cystectomy.

ABSTRACT The ecological structure of forest fragments is closely related to the dynamics of biological flows directly dependent on the decomposition of the litterfall, which is the main mechanism of recycling nutrients to plants. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to quantify the annual litterfall productionduring the period from April 2013 to March 2014 in Mata do Bebo, an Atlantic Forest fragment located in Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte. 10 conical collectors were used to obtain the data on the litter contribution, with an average opening area of 0.128 m2, placed 1 m above the ground. The material was collected monthly, dried at air temperature for 48 h, and separated into four fractions: leaves, bark and branches, reproductive material; and miscellaneous material. After separation, the fractions were weighed and stored. The total contribution of litter was uninterrupted and totaled 5,038.72 kg ha-1 yea-1, with the highest production in September, at the beginning of the dry season, and the lowest in July. The foliar fraction made the largest contribution, with 3,744.26 kg ha-1 yean1, followed by the reproductive material, which reached 846.29 kg ha-1 year-1, branches and bark, with 396.10 kg ha-1 year-1, and miscellaneous material, with 52,069 kg ha-1 year-1. The correlations of litterfall production with rainfall and temperature were negative. The litterfall production in the fragment was lower than that obtained in other remaining Atlantic Forest areas, possibly because it is located in a region considered an ecotone between the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest biomes, besides the anthropic effect to which it has been submitted for decades.

RESUMEN La estructura ecológica de un fragmento de bosque está estrechamente relacionada con la dinámica de los flujos biológicos, ya que depende directamente de la descomposición de la hojarasca, que representa el principal mecanismo de disponibilidad y retorno de nutrientes a las plantas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue cuantificar la producción anual de hojarasca en un fragmento de Bosque Atlántico en el noreste de Brasil. Para obtener datos sobre la producción de hojarasca se utilizaron 10 colectores cónicos con una superficie media de 0,128 m 2 , situados a 1 m de altura. El material se recogía mensualmentg, se secaba a temperatura ambiente durante 48 h y se separaba en fracciones: hojas, corteza, ramas, material de reproducción y miscelánea. Después de la separación las fracciones fueron pesadas y almacenadas. La producción de hojarasca fue ininterrumpida y ascendió a un total de 5.038,72 kg ha -1 .año~ 1 , con la mayor producción en septiembre, al comienzo del período seco, y la menor en julio. La fracción foliar fue la que presentó el mayor aporte en la producción de la hojarasca, con 3.744,26 kg ha -1 año- 1 , seguida del material de reproducción que alcanzó a 846,29 kg ha -1 año -1 , las ramas y las cáscaras con 396,10 kg ha -1 añoy material misceláneo con 52.069 kg ha -1 año -1 . Las correlaciones de la producción de hojarasca con la lluvia y la temperatura resultaron negativas. La producción de hojarasca en el fragmento fue menor que la obtenida en otras zonas del Bosque Atlántico, posiblemente porque se encuentra en una región considerada un ecotono con la Caatinga, además del efecto antrópico al que ha estado sometido durante décadas.

ABSTRACT The insertion of the tree component in coffee production is a strategy from an economic and environmental perspective. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal influence on the agronomic and productive performance of the coffee crop under the interference of different tree species as a function of spacing. The experiment was set in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Amparo-MG, in 2012, and conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were: cultivar ‘Catuai Vermelho IAC 99’ in monoculture (3.40 m x 0.65 m) and intercropped with African mahogany, teak and pink cedar, in two spacings (9 x 13.6 m and 18 x 13.6 m), in coffee rows. Three coffee rows were fixed between rows, totaling 13.6 m. The following variables were evaluated: height (m), stem diameter (cm), crown diameter (m), productivity (bags ha-1) and yield (l/sc) for coffee. From the evaluations, there is a significant effect of height, productivity and yield for the coffee crop. The system intercropped with tree species did not influence coffee productivity and yield until the 3rd harvest and, for the 5th harvest, intercropping with mahogany favored productivity, although the accumulated productivity did not show any treatment effect.

Abstract Introduction Dysphonia and lower pitch after surgery of Reinke edema are common. They are caused especially due to chronic smoking but, probably, other factors should be associated. Objectives To evaluate the results of laryngeal microsurgery in patients with Reinke edema, following a standardized postoperative guidance protocol in our service. Methods Retrospective study. Thirty patients (3 males; 27 females) were included, 70% between 41 and 60 years old. The parameters analyzed in the pre- and postoperative (between 4 and 6 months) of patients undergoing laryngeal microsurgery for Reinke edema were: smoking, vocal symptoms, videolaryngostroboscopy, voice therapy, perceptual and acoustic vocal evaluation, histopathological report. Results Smoking was reported by 100% of the patients and maintained in the postoperative period by 80%. Complete improvement of symptoms in the postoperative period was reported by 43% of them, partial improvement by 40%, and maintenance by 17%. There was low adherence to voice therapy in the pre- and postsurgery. Postoperative videolaryngoscopy indicated congestion (19), atrophy and bowed vocal fold (1), subepithelial edema (2), and normal findings (8). The histological findings were subepithelial edema, enlargement of vessels, inflammation, epithelial hyperplasia, and thickening of the basement membrane. The perceptual and acoustic vocal analyzes indicated improvement of the analyzed parameters. Conclusions The maintenance of some vocal symptoms and laryngeal alterations in videolaryngoscopy after microsurgery of Reinke edema is frequent, even in patients who follow the recommendations of vocal rest and control of gastroesophageal reflux. Vocal symptoms are attributed to changes in the laryngeal mucosa caused by chronic smoking, aggravated by the maintenance of addiction in the postoperative period.