Abstract: Sarcopenia (the loss of muscle mass, strength and skeletal muscle function) increases mortality and the risk of hospitalization in the older population. Although it is known that older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk of dynapenia and sarcopenia, few studies have investigated these conditions in middle-aged populations. The objective of this study was to investigate whether T2DM, its duration, the presence of albuminuria, and glycemic control are associated with sarcopenia and its components in adults. The cross-sectional analysis was based on data from visit 2 of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (2012-2014). The 2018 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria were used to define dynapenia, low appendicular muscle mass (LAMM), and sarcopenia (absent/probable/confirmed). The explanatory variables were: T2DM; duration of T2DM; T2DM according to the presence of albuminuria; and glycemic control (HbA1C < 7%) among people with T2DM. A total of 12,132 participants (mean age = 55.5, SD: 8.9 years) were included. The odds ratio for LAMM was greater among those with T2DM, T2DM duration from 5 to 10 years, and T2DM without albuminuria. Chances of dynapenia were higher among those with T2DM, T2DM duration > 10 years, and T2DM with and without albuminuria. The variables T2DM, T2DM ≥ 10 years, and T2DM with albuminuria increased the odds of probable sarcopenia, and T2DM duration from 5 to 10 years increased the odds of confirmed sarcopenia. The results support the importance of frequently monitoring the musculoskeletal mass and strength of individuals with T2DM to prevent sarcopenia and related outcomes.

Resumen: La sarcopenia (pérdida de masa muscular, fuerza y función muscular esquelética) aumenta la mortalidad y el riesgo de hospitalización en ancianos. Los ancianos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) presentan un mayor riesgo de sufrir dinapenia y sarcopenia, pero pocos estudios han investigado poblaciones de mediana edad. El objetivo fue investigar si la DMT2, su duración, la presencia de albuminuria y el control glucémico están asociados con la sarcopenia y sus componentes en adultos. Análisis transversal basado en los datos de la visita 2 del Estudio Longitudinal de Salud del Adulto en Brasil (2012-2014). Se utilizaron los criterios del European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People [Grupo de Trabajo Europeo sobre Sarcopenia en Personas Mayores] del 2018 para definir dinapenia, baja masa muscular apendicular y sarcopenia (ausente/probable/confirmada). Las variables explicativas fueron las siguientes: DMT2; duración de la DMT2; DMT2 según la presencia de albuminuria; y control glucémico (HbA1c < 7%) entre personas con DMT2. Se incluyeron 12.132 participantes (edad media = 55,5, DE: 8,9 años). La razón de probabilidades de masa muscular apendicular baja fue mayor entre personas con DMT2, duración de la DMT2 entre 5 y 10 años y DMT2 sin albuminuria. Las probabilidades de dinapenia fueron mayores entre las personas con DMT2, duración de la DMT2 > 10 años y DMT2 con y sin albuminuria. Las condiciones de DMT2, DMT2 ≥ 10 años y DMT2 con albuminuria aumentaron las probabilidades de sarcopenia probable y la duración de la DMT2 entre 5 y 10 años las probabilidades de sarcopenia confirmada. Los resultados refuerzan la importancia del monitoreo frecuente de la masa y de la fuerza musculoesquelética en individuos con DMT2 para prevenir la sarcopenia y los desenlaces relacionados.

Resumo: A sarcopenia (perda de massa muscular, força e função muscular esquelética) aumenta a mortalidade e o risco de hospitalização em idosos. Idosos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) apresentam risco elevado de desenvolver dinapenia e sarcopenia, mas poucos estudos investigaram populações de meia-idade. O objetivo foi investigar se DMT2, sua duração, a presença de albuminúria e o controle glicêmico estão associados à sarcopenia e seus componentes em adultos. Análise transversal baseada nos dados da segunda visita do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (2012-2014). Os critérios do European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People [Grupo de Trabalho Europeu sobre Sarcopenia em Pessoas Idosas] de 2018 foram usados para definir dinapenia, baixa massa muscular apendicular e sarcopenia (ausente/provável/confirmada). As variáveis explicativas foram: DMT2; duração do DMT2; DMT2 de acordo com a presença de albuminúria; e controle glicêmico (HbA1c < 7%) entre pessoas com DMT2. Foram incluídos 12.132 participantes (idade média de 55,5; DP: 8,9 anos). A razão de chances para baixa massa muscular apendicular foi maior entre pessoas com DMT2, duração do DMT2 entre 5 e 10 anos e DMT2 sem albuminúria. As chances de dinapenia foram maiores entre pessoas com DMT2, duração do DMT2 > 10 anos e DMT2 com e sem albuminúria. DMT2, DMT2 ≥ 10 anos e DMT2 com albuminúria aumentaram as chances de sarcopenia provável e duração do DMT2 entre 5 e 10 anos aumentaram as chances de sarcopenia confirmada. Os resultados reforçam a importância do monitoramento frequente da massa e da força muscular em indivíduos com DMT2 para prevenir a sarcopenia e desfechos relacionados.

Abstract We examine racial differentials in abortion among women in Brazil using data from three editions of the Brazilian National Abortion Survey (PNA), 2016, 2019 and 2021. We test the difference in means in data from separate surveys, combined surveys without reweighting, and combined and reweighted surveys. We also use logistic models for the chance of having an abortion. The results indicate that there is a consistent racial differential in the three editions of PNA, with the percentage of abortions among Black women being higher than among white women. In the combined and reweighted surveys, among Black women of all ages the probability of having had an abortion is 11.03% while among white women it is 7.55%. This means a difference of 3.5 percentage points, which translates into a 46% higher probability for Black women, statistically significant values for a 5% interval. Logistic regressions produce similar results, with an average predicted probability of 12.61% for Black women and 8.90% for white women, also significant. Racial differences remain statistically significant for various combinations of PNA editions. However, in the separate surveys, the difference in means tests are only statistically significant in 2016. Black refers to the group formed by Black and Brown women (pretas and pardas). Due to the small sample size, it is not possible to say much about the differences with Asian and Indigenous women.

Resumo Examinamos a realização do aborto segundo cor ou raça das mulheres no Brasil usando dados de três edições da PNA, 2016, 2019 e 2021. Comparamos diferenciais raciais aplicando testes de diferenças de médias a dados de levantamentos separados, levantamentos combinados sem reponderação, e levantamentos combinados e reponderados. Na comparação usamos ainda modelos logísticos para a chance de realização de aborto. Os resultados indicam que há diferencial racial consistente nas três edições da PNA, com os percentuais de aborto entre as mulheres negras sendo mais elevados do que entre as mulheres brancas. Nos levantamentos combinados e reponderados, entre as mulheres negras de todas as idades a probabilidade de ter feito um aborto é de 11,03% enquanto entre as mulheres brancas é de 7,55%. Isso significa uma diferença de 3,5 pontos percentuais, que se traduz em uma probabilidade 46% maior para as negras, valores estatisticamente significantes para um intervalo de 5%. Regressões logísticas produzem resultados similares, com probabilidade média predita das mulheres negras de 12,61% e das mulheres brancas de 8,90%, também significantes. As diferenças raciais persistem estatisticamente significantes para várias combinações de edições da PNA. Porém, nos levantamentos isolados os testes de diferenças de média são estatisticamente significantes apenas em 2016.

Abstract The National Abortion Survey 2021 (PNA 2021) utilized face-to-face structured interviews and a self-administered questionnaire placed in a sealed box to collect data on abortions in Brazil. Interviews were held with a nationally representative sample of 2,000 women, randomly selected from among literate women ages 18 to 39 residing in urban areas. We compared some of the results with previous waves of the survey, PNA 2010 and PNA 2016. Findings show that abortion is in decline but remains a major public health issue. Around 10% of the women interviewed in 2021 said they had had at least one abortion in their lives (compared to 15% in 2010). We estimate that nearly one in every seven women (15%) have had an abortion by the age of 40. We identified a decline in the proportion of women who needed to be hospitalized to finalize their abortions (55% in 2010; 43% in 2021; p = 0.003) and in the proportion of women who used medication for the abortion (48% in 2010; 39% in 2021; p = 0.028). Abortion is an event that generally happens early on in women’s reproductive lives: the PNA 2021 found that 52% of women were 19 years old or younger when they had their first abortion. Higher rates were detected among respondents with lower educational levels, Black and Indigenous women, and women residing in poorer regions.

Resumo A Pesquisa Nacional de Aborto 2021 (PNA 2021) empregou questionários estruturados face a face e um questionário autoadministrado depositado em uma urna para coletar informações sobre aborto no Brasil. As entrevistas foram realizadas em uma amostra representativa de 2.000 mulheres selecionadas aleatoriamente com idades entre 18 e 39 anos e residentes em áreas urbanas. Comparamos alguns dos resultados com ondas anteriores da pesquisa, PNA 2010 e PNA 2016. O aborto está em declínio, porém segue como importante questão de saúde pública. Cerca de 10% das mulheres em 2021 disseram ter feito ao menos um aborto na vida (15% em 2010). Estimamos que aproximadamente uma em cada sete mulheres (15%) teve um aborto aos 40 anos. Houve declínio na proporção de mulheres que foram hospitalizadas para finalizar o aborto (55% em 2010; 43% em 2021; p = 0,003) e na proporção de mulheres que usaram medicamentos para o aborto (48% em 2010; 39% em 2021; p = 0,028). O aborto é um evento que ocorre no início na vida reprodutiva das mulheres: a PNA 2021 constatou que 52% tinham 19 anos ou menos quando fizeram o primeiro aborto. Taxas mais altas foram detectadas entre as entrevistadas com menor escolaridade, negras e indígenas e residentes em regiões mais pobres.

Abstract The National Abortion Survey 2021 (PNA 2021) utilized face-to-face structured interviews and a self-administered questionnaire placed in a sealed box to collect data on abortions in Brazil. Interviews were held with a nationally representative sample of 2,000 women, randomly selected from among literate women ages 18 to 39 residing in urban areas. We compared some of the results with previous waves of the survey, PNA 2010 and PNA 2016. Findings show that abortion is in decline but remains a major public health issue. Around 10% of the women interviewed in 2021 said they had had at least one abortion in their lives (compared to 15% in 2010). We estimate that nearly one in every seven women (15%) have had an abortion by the age of 40. We identified a decline in the proportion of women who needed to be hospitalized to finalize their abortions (55% in 2010; 43% in 2021; p = 0.003) and in the proportion of women who used medication for the abortion (48% in 2010; 39% in 2021; p = 0.028). Abortion is an event that generally happens early on in women’s reproductive lives: the PNA 2021 found that 52% of women were 19 years old or younger when they had their first abortion. Higher rates were detected among respondents with lower educational levels, Black and Indigenous women, and women residing in poorer regions.

Resumo A Pesquisa Nacional de Aborto 2021 (PNA 2021) empregou questionários estruturados face a face e um questionário autoadministrado depositado em uma urna para coletar informações sobre aborto no Brasil. As entrevistas foram realizadas em uma amostra representativa de 2.000 mulheres selecionadas aleatoriamente com idades entre 18 e 39 anos e residentes em áreas urbanas. Comparamos alguns dos resultados com ondas anteriores da pesquisa, PNA 2010 e PNA 2016. O aborto está em declínio, porém segue como importante questão de saúde pública. Cerca de 10% das mulheres em 2021 disseram ter feito ao menos um aborto na vida (15% em 2010). Estimamos que aproximadamente uma em cada sete mulheres (15%) teve um aborto aos 40 anos. Houve declínio na proporção de mulheres que foram hospitalizadas para finalizar o aborto (55% em 2010; 43% em 2021; p = 0,003) e na proporção de mulheres que usaram medicamentos para o aborto (48% em 2010; 39% em 2021; p = 0,028). O aborto é um evento que ocorre no início na vida reprodutiva das mulheres: a PNA 2021 constatou que 52% tinham 19 anos ou menos quando fizeram o primeiro aborto. Taxas mais altas foram detectadas entre as entrevistadas com menor escolaridade, negras e indígenas e residentes em regiões mais pobres.

Abstract We examine racial differentials in abortion among women in Brazil using data from three editions of the Brazilian National Abortion Survey (PNA), 2016, 2019 and 2021. We test the difference in means in data from separate surveys, combined surveys without reweighting, and combined and reweighted surveys. We also use logistic models for the chance of having an abortion. The results indicate that there is a consistent racial differential in the three editions of PNA, with the percentage of abortions among Black women being higher than among white women. In the combined and reweighted surveys, among Black women of all ages the probability of having had an abortion is 11.03% while among white women it is 7.55%. This means a difference of 3.5 percentage points, which translates into a 46% higher probability for Black women, statistically significant values for a 5% interval. Logistic regressions produce similar results, with an average predicted probability of 12.61% for Black women and 8.90% for white women, also significant. Racial differences remain statistically significant for various combinations of PNA editions. However, in the separate surveys, the difference in means tests are only statistically significant in 2016. Black refers to the group formed by Black and Brown women (pretas and pardas). Due to the small sample size, it is not possible to say much about the differences with Asian and Indigenous women.

Resumo Examinamos a realização do aborto segundo cor ou raça das mulheres no Brasil usando dados de três edições da PNA, 2016, 2019 e 2021. Comparamos diferenciais raciais aplicando testes de diferenças de médias a dados de levantamentos separados, levantamentos combinados sem reponderação, e levantamentos combinados e reponderados. Na comparação usamos ainda modelos logísticos para a chance de realização de aborto. Os resultados indicam que há diferencial racial consistente nas três edições da PNA, com os percentuais de aborto entre as mulheres negras sendo mais elevados do que entre as mulheres brancas. Nos levantamentos combinados e reponderados, entre as mulheres negras de todas as idades a probabilidade de ter feito um aborto é de 11,03% enquanto entre as mulheres brancas é de 7,55%. Isso significa uma diferença de 3,5 pontos percentuais, que se traduz em uma probabilidade 46% maior para as negras, valores estatisticamente significantes para um intervalo de 5%. Regressões logísticas produzem resultados similares, com probabilidade média predita das mulheres negras de 12,61% e das mulheres brancas de 8,90%, também significantes. As diferenças raciais persistem estatisticamente significantes para várias combinações de edições da PNA. Porém, nos levantamentos isolados os testes de diferenças de média são estatisticamente significantes apenas em 2016.

Abstract Objective The Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) is a cost-free 75 question-questionnaire developed by an Italian group to collect information from parents on the behavior of children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years. It assesses different areas of children's behavior and psychopathology, including internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and can be used to identify children at risk of mental disorders both in clinical and epidemiological settings. In this study, the authors present a Brazilian-Portuguese adaptation of the CABI and its psychometric properties. Methods First, the authors conducted a rigorous transcultural adaptation of CABI's questions and instructions for the Brazilian context. In an online sample of 598 parents, the authors found high reliability (internal consistency) for the CABI's main subscales. Results Validity was supported by exploratory factor analysis (the authors found 6 factors representing several aspects of psychopathology both according to the DSM and HiTop models) and significant differences in most CABI's subscales between children with parent-reported psychopathology and typically developing ones. The present study suggests that the adapted version of CABI is a valid and reliable measure that can be used in Brazil. Conclusions The CABI can be useful to the pediatrician to get fast but wide information from parents on the behavioral condition of their children or adolescents, and also to decide whether it is appropriate to consult a mental health professional.

Abstract Studies that explore the use of lipids and their effects on animal nutrition have become increasingly abundant, producing a mass of information. The review was carried out on a parity basis through a survey of articles in the bibliographic databases: Web of Science and Periodicals Capes, using search terms associated or not, in the plural or singular, in English and Portuguese, such as: “lipids” AND “rabbits" AND "nutrition". After analyzing the files in the two scientific databases, certain files were excluded because they did not fit the theme or because they did not meet the inclusion criteria and repeated articles. A relevance test was carried out for the use of the articles, where they should deal with the subject: articles that report the use of lipids in the nutrition of non-ruminant animals; articles made available in complete form; articles that had at least one of the keywords; articles where the main subject is related to lipids. The articles were selected and tabulated in an Excel® spreadsheet with relevant information for exploration in the review. The use of oils and fats is a favorable point in the nutrition of non-ruminant animals, presenting benefits in the enrichment of final products such as: providing higher levels of omega-3 and omega-6, and thus obtaining meat products with lower levels of saturated fat and higher unsaturated fat contents promoting benefits to human health through its consumption, reduction of food costs, improvement in palatability and appearance of foods. These are nutritional strategies used in hot seasons of the year due to the low calorific increment produced.

Resumo Estudos que exploram o uso de lipídios e seus efeitos na nutrição animal têm se tornado cada vez mais abundantes, produzindo uma grande quantidade de informações. A revisão foi realizada de forma paritária por meio de uma pesquisa de artigos nas bases bibliográficas: Web of Science e Periódicos Capes, utilizando termos de busca associados ou não, no plural ou no singular, em inglês e português, tais como: "lipídios" E "coelhos" E "nutrição". Após analisar os arquivos nas duas bases científicas, determinados arquivos foram excluídos porque não se adequavam ao tema ou não atendiam aos critérios de inclusão, além de artigos repetidos. Um teste de relevância foi realizado para a seleção dos artigos, nos quais eles deveriam tratar do assunto: artigos que relatam o uso de lipídios na nutrição de animais não-ruminantes; artigos disponibilizados na forma completa; artigos que possuíam pelo menos uma das palavras-chave; artigos nos quais o assunto principal está relacionado a lipídios. Os artigos foram selecionados e tabulados em uma planilha do Excel® com informações relevantes para exploração na revisão. O uso de óleos e gorduras é um ponto favorável na nutrição de animais não-ruminantes, apresentando benefícios no enriquecimento de produtos finais, tais como: fornecer níveis mais altos de ômega-3 e ômega-6, e assim obter produtos de carne com menores teores de gordura saturada e maiores teores de gordura insaturada, promovendo benefícios para a saúde humana por meio do consumo, redução dos custos alimentares, melhoria na palatabilidade e aparência dos alimentos. Essas são estratégias nutricionais usadas nas estações quentes do ano devido ao baixo incremento calórico produzido.

Abstract Objective: To translate and validate the version for children and adolescents of the UPPS-P scale into Brazilian Portuguese. Method: After a five-step translation process, the final draft was submitted to a panel of 12 different specialties experts. Subsequently, the application of the scale was applied concomitantly with the "Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Scale - Version IV" (SNAP-IV) and the "Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory" (CABI) scale to analyze the correlation between them. Content Validity Index (CVI) and reliability were estimated by calculating internal consistency and analyzing its test-retest stability. Results: The items whose CVI was lower than 80% underwent a detailed analysis to verify the reason for the bad evaluation. Five items (3, 7, 11, 22 and 35) scored below 80% and were reassessed. There was high internal consistency in all parameters: Lack of premeditation (McDonald's omega = 0.806; Cronbach's alpha = 0.801), Negative Urgency (McDonald's omega = 0.838; Cronbach's alpha = 0.836), Sensation seeking (McDonald's omega = 0.826; Cronbach's alpha = 0.810), Lack of Perseverance (McDonald's omega = 0.800; Cronbach's alpha = 0.799) and Positive Urgency (McDonald's omega = 0.936; Cronbach's alpha = 0.934). A strong correlation was observed between UPPS-P features and impulsivity in behavioral assessments. Conclusions: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the UPPS-P scale is a good instrument to assess impulsivity in children and adolescents.

Abstract The Parauapebas Formation and Igarapé Cigarra Formation constitute two Neoarchean extrusive units inserted in the metavolcanosedimentary sequence (~2.76 Ga) of the Grão Pará Group, Itacaiúnas Supergroup, being represented by basaltic seeps underlain and overlain by jaspillites, rhyolites, volcanoclastic rocks, and gabbro dikes/sills, thus being inserted in the Serra Sul district in the Mineral Province of Carajás, Pará. This study aimed to understand the igneous processes involved in the genesis of these basalts from both geological formations, supported by field, petrographic, and geochemical data. Inserted in the metavolcanosedimentary sequence of the Grão Pará Group (Carajás Domain), the basalts and basalt andesites, the most abundant types of the Parauapebas and Igarapé Cigarra Formations, occur as successions of massive and amygdaloidal lava flows. The study of core samples from nine stratigraphic holes that intersected basaltic rocks of the two geological formations in body S11D (Serra Sul) showed that these rocks reach thick layers with different characteristics, ranging from aphanitic to phaneritic. The basalts are dark green, aphanitic, phaneritic, thin to medium, and hypocrystalline. They show preserved igneous texture being commonly seriated as inequigranular, intersertal, ophitic, subophytic, intergranular, branching, and swallow tail. Its essential primary constituents are plagioclase, orthopyroxene, and clinopyroxene, and its accessory constituents are titanite and apatite. Chlorite, epidote, quartz, and calcite occur as secondary phases and are interpreted as the products of ocean-bottom hydrothermal alteration and/or incipient metamorphism. In general, the studied volcanic rocks stand out for SiO2 content between 47.00 and 56.04%, high alkali contents (4.70–7.50%), K2O contents between 0.40 and 3.97%, TiO2 (< 1.0%), and MgO between 4.90 and 8.16%. In the classification diagrams, the samples are situated in the fields of basalts, basalt andesites, trachyandesite, and trachybasalt basalts, in the transition of the toleitic and calc-alkaline series. The basalts of the Parauapebas and Igarapé Cigarra Formations were probably formed in an intraplate continental environment influenced by subduction zones. Therefore, the Grão-Pará Basin was probably formed in a convergent regime related to a subduction-type environment. The geochemical data indicate that the studied rocks of the Parauapebas Formation and the Igarapé Cigarra Formation correspond to basalts of calc-alkaline affinity. Two facies were identified in the Parauapebas Formation, namely, the Amendoim and Violão facies. In the Igarapé Cigarra Formation as well, the following facies were identified: Jacaré and Três Marias. Based on the geochemical interpretation, it is assumed that the rocks studied are arc-like continental basalts, which are formed in a subduction environment with influence from a possible asthenospheric source and modified by crustal contamination.

Objective: To compare the distress level among Brazilian healthcare professionals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and estimate risks by sex, age, and occupation. Methods: In a longitudinal cohort design, a nationally distributed online survey was used to collect data from 10,490 active healthcare professionals who worked during the pandemic. Participants were mostly female, aged 18 to 82 years; 13 different health professions and all states of Brazil were represented. Results: The most frequent professions were psychology, dentistry, and nursing. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) score suggested an increased distress perception among health professionals. Females showed poorer mental health than males, but the absolute rise in Global Severity Index (GSI) score was larger in males than in females. Younger adults reported more symptoms of psychological distress than older adults. The most impacted age group was between 30-39 years. Nurse technicians presented the highest risk of distress. Conclusion: Health professionals are essential to overcoming the pandemic; thus, their mental health status should be monitored, and features associated with increased distress should be identified. Our findings suggest distress risk should be stratified by occupation, age, and sex. Health professionals showed an increased distress perception. Women, individuals between the ages of 30 and 39, nursing personnel, and physicians were more likely to report distress compared with other health professionals.

Abstract Introduction The existence of a general factor related to psychiatric symptoms is supported by studies using a variety of methods in both clinical and non-clinical samples. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the replicability of the internal structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory in a large Brazilian sample. Methods Participants were 6,427 Brazilian subjects (81% female). Mean age was 42.1 years (standard deviation [SD] = 13.6, Min = 13, Max = 80). All participants completed the online version of the Brief Symptom Inventory. This scale presents a general score (GSI) and nine specific clusters of symptoms (depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, interpersonal sensibility, psychoticism, paranoid ideation, obsessive-compulsive behavior, hostility, and somatization symptoms). Results Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess the factor structure of the BSI. The results showed that the best-fitting model was a bifactor solution and the general factor was the main dimension explaining most of the reliable variability in the data. Conclusion The findings suggest that the BSI’s internal structure was replicated in a non-clinical sample and that the general factor is the most reliable score. However, it is necessary to better understand the meaning of the general factor scores in a non-clinical sample to increase interpretability of scores.

Abstract This study sought to understand the role of continental influence on ocean productivity along the late Quaternary based on the comparison between continental palynomorphs and paleoproductivity proxies from the marine sediment core SIS188. Retrieved from the slope of the Pelotas Basin at a depth of 1,514 m, the core documents the time interval between 47.8 and 7.4 cal ka BP, including the Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3, 2 and 1. The palynological content found in the core SIS188 indicates a typical flora of the southern Brazil highlands, which is at the same latitude as the core. Thus, continental input sources, such as wind-borne dust and discharges from the Mampituba and Araranguá rivers, would more likely account for the palynological content than the Brazilian Coastal Current (BCC). During the glacial intervals (MIS 3 and MIS 2), paleoproductivity (indicated by the proxies coccolith numbers, N Ratio, and TOC content) suggest the intensification of upwelling and transport of wind dust, the latter of which may have transported pollen grains to the core region. There is a concentration decrease of continental palynomorphs at the end of MIS 2, which is accentuated during MIS 1 when the sea level is higher. Paleoproductivity was high during MIS 1, especially from the Holocene onwards, although the concentration of continental-derived palynomorphs decreases sharply, showing that the rise in sea level interferes with the fertilization of marine waters far from the coast by continental input.

RESUMO Objetivos: desenvolver e testar um jogo de tabuleiro para prevenção de quedas em idosos da comunidade. Métodos: estudo descritivo, realizado através da utilização dos elementos do design de jogos (narrativa, mecânica, estética e tecnologia), do Modelo de Promoção da Saúde, da avaliação por especialistas e testagem com pessoas idosas. Para avaliação, utilizou-se o Índice de Concordância, considerando-o maior que 80%. Resultados: desenvolveram-se três protótipos e a versão final. A narrativa do jogo foi embasada no modelo de promoção, compreendendo aspectos individuais, benefícios e barreiras no comportamento para prevenção de quedas. A mecânica delineou objetivos e regras. A estética abrangeu layout e ilustrações. A tecnologia envolveu tabuleiro, cartas, pino, roleta e manual de instrução. O jogo foi avaliado por 36 especialistas e 31 idosas da comunidade, com índice de concordância de 93,22% e 99%, respectivamente. Conclusões: o jogo desenvolvido e testado foi considerado uma estratégia educacional adequada para prevenção de quedas.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop and test a board game for fall prevention in older adults in the community. Methods: a descriptive study, carried out through the use of game design elements (narrative, mechanics, aesthetics and technology), the Health Promotion Model, assessment by experts and testing with older adults. For assessment, the Concordance Index was used, considering it greater than 80%. Results: three prototypes and the final version were developed. The game’s narrative was based on promotion model, comprising individual aspects, benefits and barriers in behavior to prevent falls. The mechanics outlined goals and rules. Aesthetics encompassed layout and illustrations. The technology involved board, cards, pin, roulette and instruction manual. The game was assessed by 36 experts and 31 older women from the community, with a Concordance Index of 93.22% and 99%, respectively. Conclusions: the game developed and tested was considered an adequate educational strategy for fall prevention.

RESUMEN Objetivos: desarrollar y probar un juego de mesa para la prevención de caídas en ancianos de la comunidad. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, realizado mediante el uso de elementos de diseño de juegos (narrativa, mecánica, estética y tecnología), el Modelo de Promoción de la Salud, evaluación por expertos y testeo con ancianos. Para la evaluación se utilizó el Índice de Concordancia, considerándose mayor al 80%. Resultados: se desarrollaron tres prototipos y la versión final. La narrativa del juego se basó en el modelo de promoción, que comprende aspectos individuales, beneficios y barreras en el comportamiento para prevenir caídas. La mecánica delineó objetivos y reglas. La estética abarcó el diseño y las ilustraciones. La tecnología involucró tablero, cartas, pin, ruleta y manual de instrucciones. El juego fue evaluado por 36 expertos y 31 ancianas de la comunidad, con un Índice de Concordancia de 93,22% y 99%, respectivamente. Conclusiones: el juego desarrollado y probado fue considerado una estrategia educativa adecuada para la prevención de caídas.

Resumo Durante a estação fria, episódios de uma ventania conhecida como Vento Norte (VNOR) são frequentes na região central do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). O fenômeno é caracterizado por intensas rajadas de vento de direção norte, acompanhadas de um aumento abrupto de temperatura e acentuado secamento. O estudo aponta que uma metodologia, baseada nas observações do desvio padrão de temperatura, permite identificar o início e término do fenômeno. Adicionalmente, o estudo mostra resultados de diferentes variáveis micrometeorológicas durante a ocorrência do evento. Perfis atmosféricos de início da manhã e de início da noite exibem uma camada mistura elevada sobre o centro do RS em associação com os fortes ventos do VNOR, indicando a presença de mistura turbulenta forçada mecanicamente durante o período noturno.

Abstract During the cold season, episodes of a windstorm known as Vento Norte (VNOR) are frequently observed in the city of Santa Maria, situated in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The onset of this windstorm is characterized by strong gusts with northerly component which are accompanied by a sharp increase in temperature and abrupt drying. A methodology based on the observed behavior of the standard deviation of temperature during VNOR was successful in identifying the onset and demise of the windstorm. Additionally, the research shows the results of different micrometeorological variables during the event. Early morning and evening atmospheric profiles exhibit an elevated mixed layer over central RS in association with the strong VNOR winds, indicating the presence of mechanically-forced mixing during nighttime hours.