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Active surveillance for influenza virus and coronavirus infection in Antarctic birds and mammals in environmental fecal samples, South Shetland Islands
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GOMES, FERNANDA

; PRADO, TATIANA

; DEGRAVE, WIM

; MOREIRA, LUCAS

; MAGALHÃES, MAITHÊ

; MAGDINIER, HARRISON

; VILELA, ROBERTO

; SIQUEIRA, MARILDA

; BRANDÃO, MARTHA

; OGRZEWALSKA, MARIA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Suppl. 3 elocation e20230741

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Numerous Antarctic species are recognized as reservoirs for various pathogens, and their migratory behavior allows them to reach the Brazilian coast, potentially contributing to the emergence and circulation of new infectious diseases. To address the potential zoonotic risks, we conducted surveillance of influenza A virus (IAV) and coronaviruses (CoVs) in the Antarctic Peninsula, specifically focusing on different bird and mammal species in the region. During the summer of 2021/2022, as part of the Brazilian Antarctic Expedition, we collected and examined a total of 315 fecal samples to target these respiratory viruses. Although we did not detect the viruses of interest during this particular expedition, previous research conducted by our team has shown the presence of the H11N2 subtype of influenza A virus in penguin fecal samples from the same region. Given the continuous emergence of new viral strains worldwide, it is crucial to maintain active surveillance in the area, contributing to strengthening integrated One Health surveillance efforts.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230741

Microbiome and virome on indoor surfaces of an Antarctic research ship
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Prado, Tatiana

; Magalhães, Maithê Gaspar Pontes

; Moreira, Daniel Andrade

; Brandão, Martha Lima

; Fumian, Tulio Machado

; Ferreira, Fernando Cesar

; Chame, Marcia

; Leomil, Luciana

; Degrave, Wim Maurits Sylvain

; Leite, José Paulo Gagliardi

; Miagostovich, Marize Pereira

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volume 118 elocation e230084

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Few studies have focused on microbial diversity in indoor environments of ships, as well as the role of the microbiome and its ecological interconnections. In this study, we investigated the microbiome and virome present on the internal surfaces of a polar ship in different stages (beginning, during, and at the end) of the Brazilian Antarctic expedition in order to evaluate abundance of microorganisms in different periods. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We used shotgun metagenomic analysis on pooled samples from sampling surfaces in the ship’s interior to track the microbial diversity. FINDINGS Considering the total fraction of the microbiome, the relative abundance of bacteria, eukaryotes, viruses, and archaea was 83.7%, 16.2%, 0.04%, and 0.002%, respectively. Proteobacteria was the most abundant bacterial phyla, followed by Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Concerning the virome, the greatest richness of viral species was identified during the middle of the trip, including ten viral families after de novo assembly: Autographiviridae, Chrysoviridae, Genomoviridae, Herelleviridae, Myoviridae, Partitiviridae, Podoviridae, Potyviridae, Siphoviridae, and Virgaviridae. MAIN CONCLUSIONS This study contributed to the knowledge of microbial diversity in naval transportation facilities, and variations in the abundance of microorganisms probably occurred due to factors such as the number of passengers and activities on the ship.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230084

Transforming growth factor-ß as a therapeutic target for the cardiac damage of Chagas disease
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Waghabi, Mariana Caldas

; Ferreira, Roberto Rodrigues

; Abreu, Rayane da Silva

; Degrave, Wim

; de Souza, Elen Mello

; Bailly, Sabine

; Feige, Jean-Jacques

; de Araújo-Jorge, Tania C

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2022, Volume 117 elocation e210395

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is deeply involved on the pathogenesis of Chagas disease. Our group has been investigating the participation of this pleiotropic cytokine in different aspects of Chagas disease over the last 20 years. Important observations have been made, such as: (i) the ability of Trypanosoma cruzi in activating latent TGF-β; (ii) the potential involvement of TGF-β pathway on T. cruzi invasion of host cells; (iii) association of TGF-β with parasite intracellular replication; (iv) cardiac fibrosis development and maintenance; (v) disruption of Connexin-43 plaque structures and (vi) inflammation and immune response. In this perspective article we intend to discuss the advances of the potential use of new therapies targeting TGF-β to treat the cardiac alterations of Chagas disease-affected patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760210395

Brazilian Response to Global End TB Strategy : The National Tuberculosis Research Agenda
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Kritski, Afranio

; Barreira, Draurio

; Junqueira-Kipnis, Ana Paula

; Moraes, Milton Ozorio

; Campos, Maria Martha

; Degrave, Wim Mauritz

; Miranda, Silvana Spindola

; Krieger, Marco Aurelio

; Chimara, Erica

; Morel, Carlos

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; Evangelista, Maria do Socorro Nantua

; Villa, Teresa Scatena

; Sanchez, Mauro

; Costa, Fernanda Dockhorn

; Queiroz, Inacio

; Oliveira, Martha Maria

; Souza Junior, Ruy

; Silva, Jose Roberto Lapa e

; Ruffino-Netto, Antonio

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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feb 2016, Volume 49 N. 1 Pages 135 - 145

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0330-2015 3881 downloads

In vitro and in vivo experimental models for drug screening and development for Chagas disease
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Romanha, Alvaro José

; Castro, Solange Lisboa de

; Soeiro, Maria de Nazaré Correia

; Lannes-Vieira, Joseli

; Ribeiro, Isabela

; Talvani, André

; Bourdin, Bernadette

; Blum, Bethania

; Olivieri, Bianca

; Zani, Carlos

; Spadafora, Carmenza

; Chiari, Egler

; Chatelain, Eric

; Chaves, Gabriela

; Calzada, José Eduardo

; Bustamante, Juan Manuel

; Freitas-Junior, Lucio H

; Romero, Luz I

; Bahia, Maria Terezinha

; Lotrowska, Michel

; Soares, Milena

; Andrade, Sonia Gumes

; Armstrong, Tanya

; Degrave, Wim

; Andrade, Zilton de Araújo

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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mar 2010, Volume 105 N. 2 Pages 233 - 238

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Chagas disease, a neglected illness, affects nearly 12-14 million people in endemic areas of Latin America. Although the occurrence of acute cases sharply has declined due to Southern Cone Initiative efforts to control vector transmission, there still remain serious challenges, including the maintenance of sustainable public policies for Chagas disease control and the urgent need for better drugs to treat chagasic patients. Since the introduction of benznidazole and nifurtimox approximately 40 years ago, many natural and synthetic compounds have been assayed against Trypanosoma cruzi, yet only a few compounds have advanced to clinical trials. This reflects, at least in part, the lack of consensus regarding appropriate in vitro and in vivo screening protocols as well as the lack of biomarkers for treating parasitaemia. The development of more effective drugs requires (i) the identification and validation of parasite targets, (ii) compounds to be screened against the targets or the whole parasite and (iii) a panel of minimum standardised procedures to advance leading compounds to clinical trials. This third aim was the topic of the workshop entitled Experimental Models in Drug Screening and Development for Chagas Disease, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on the 25th and 26th of November 2008 by the Fiocruz Program for Research and Technological Development on Chagas Disease and Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative. During the meeting, the minimum steps, requirements and decision gates for the determination of the efficacy of novel drugs for T. cruzi control were evaluated by interdisciplinary experts and an in vitro and in vivo flowchart was designed to serve as a general and standardised protocol for screening potential drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease.

12866 downloads Cited 9 times in SciELO

Inhibition of Trypanosoma cruzi proline racemase affects host-parasite interactions and the outcome of in vitro infection
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Coutinho, Leticia

; Ferreira, Marcelo Alves

; Cosson, Alain

; Batista, Marcos Meuser

; Batista, Denise da Gama Jaén

; Minoprio, Paola

; Degrave, Wim M

; Berneman, Armand

; Soeiro, Maria de Nazaré Correia

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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dec 2009, Volume 104 N. 8 Pages 1055 - 1062

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Proline racemase is an important enzyme of Trypanosoma cruzi and has been shown to be an effective mitogen for B cells, thus contributing to the parasite's immune evasion and persistence in the human host. Recombinant epimastigote parasites overexpressing TcPRAC genes coding for proline racemase present an augmented ability to differentiate into metacyclic infective forms and subsequently penetrate host-cells in vitro. Here we demonstrate that both anti T. cruzi proline racemase antibodies and the specific proline racemase inhibitor pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid significantly affect parasite infection of Vero cells in vitro. This inhibitor also hampers T. cruzi intracellular differentiation.

2114 downloads

A new approach for potential drug target discovery through in silico metabolic pathway analysis using Trypanosoma cruzi genome information
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Alves-Ferreira, Marcelo

; Guimarães, Ana Carolina Ramos

; Capriles, Priscila Vanessa da Silva Zabala

; Dardenne, Laurent E

; Degrave, Wim M

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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dec 2009, Volume 104 N. 8 Pages 1100 - 1110

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The current drug options for the treatment of chronic Chagas disease have not been sufficient and high hopes have been placed on the use of genomic data from the human parasite Trypanosoma cruzi to identify new drug targets and develop appropriate treatments for both acute and chronic Chagas disease. However, the lack of a complete assembly of the genomic sequence and the presence of many predicted proteins with unknown or unsure functions has hampered our complete view of the parasite's metabolic pathways. Moreover, pinpointing new drug targets has proven to be more complex than anticipated and has revealed large holes in our understanding of metabolic pathways and their integrated regulation, not only for this parasite, but for many other similar pathogens. Using an in silicocomparative study on pathway annotation and searching for analogous and specific enzymes, we have been able to predict a considerable number of additional enzymatic functions in T. cruzi. Here we focus on the energetic pathways, such as glycolysis, the pentose phosphate shunt, the Krebs cycle and lipid metabolism. We point out many enzymes that are analogous to those of the human host, which could be potential new therapeutic targets.

5510 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Community Health Centers of Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil
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Oelemann, Maraníbia C

; Fontes, Amanda NB

; Pereira, Marcia A da Silva

; Bravin, Yolanda

; Silva, Guida

; Degrave, Wim

; Carvalho, Anna Cristina

; Brito, Rossana C

; Kritski, Afrânio L

; Suffys, Philip N

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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jun 2007, Volume 102 N. 4 Pages 455 - 462

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from tuberculosis (TB) patients attended in Community Health Centers (CHCs) of Rio de Janeiro was performed to verify possible risk factors for TB transmission. A prospective community-based study was performed during the period of July 1996 to December 1996 by collecting sputum samples of 489 patients in 11 different CHCs in four different planning areas (APs) of the city. Bacteriological, clinical, and epidemiological information was collected and M. tuberculosis genotypes defined after restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110-RFLP) and double repetitive element (DRE) fingerprinting of RFLP-clustered cases. Risk factors for TB transmission were looked for using three levels of cluster stringency. Among 349 (71%) positive cultures obtained, IS6110-RFLP typing could be performed on strains from 153 different patients. When using identity of RFLP patterns as cluster definition, 49 (32%) of the strains belonged to a cluster and none of the clinical or epidemiologic characteristics was associated with higher clustering levels. However, higher clustering level was observed in the AP including the central region of the city when compared to others. This strongly suggests that more recent transmission occurs in that area and this may be related with higher incidence of TB and HIV in this region.

1846 downloads

Marcadores séricos e espectrometria de massa no diagnóstico do câncer
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Carvalho, Paulo Costa

; Fischer, Juliana de Saldanha da Gama

; Degrave, Wim M.

; Carvalho, Maria da Gloria da Costa

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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dec 2006, Volume 42 N. 6 Pages 431 - 436

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Esta revisão abrange as principais técnicas, limitações e utilidades da espectrometria de massa aplicada à análise de fluidos biológicos para buscar biomarcadores com potencialidade de diagnóstico médico. Atualmente esse método é capaz de discernir, em segundos, padrões moleculares diferencialmente expressos entre indivíduos controles e com câncer. Resultados da literatura apontam a espectrometria de massa como metodologia promissora no futuro do diagnóstico.

This manuscript reviews mass spectrometry methods and limitations for analisys of biological fluids in the search for biomarkers that can aid medical diagnosis. Currently, mass spectrometry has the ability to discriminate differentially expressed molecular patterns among cancer patients and control subjects. Results in the literature point mass spectrometry as having a major role in the future of medical diagnosis.

5809 downloads

10.

Detecção de potenciais marcadores moleculares séricos da doença de Hodgkin
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Carvalho, Paulo Costa

; Fischer, Juliana de Saldanha da Gama

; Silva, Marcelo Soares da Mota e

; Musacchio, Juliane

; Spector, Nelson

; Degrave, Wim Maurits

; Carvalho, Maria da Gloria da Costa

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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jun 2005, Volume 41 N. 3 Pages 165 - 168

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

MOTIVAÇÃO: Neste trabalho foi analisado o perfil de proteínas séricas de pacientes com doença de Hodgkin (DH) localizada e avançada em busca de novos e potenciais biomarcadores para o diagnóstico médico. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O perfil de proteínas presentes no soro de 14 indivíduos saudáveis, 14 pacientes com DH avançada e 15 pacientes com DH localizada, assim como pools de soro dos respectivos grupos, foi analisado em gel desnaturante de poliacrilamida a 12% corado pela prata. A densitometria e a intensidade média das bandas de interesse foram estudadas utilizando-se o Kodak 1D Scientific Imaging System. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: O perfil protéico apresentou acentuada variação entre os pacientes examinados; entretanto foi observada a indução predominante de determinadas proteínas (aproximadamente 26kDa e 18kDa), cuja expressão foi substancialmente diferente quando em comparação com os controles (p < 0,01). Estas proteínas podem potencialmente constituir-se em marcadores moleculares de acompanhamento da evolução e do tratamento da doença.

AIM: In this work the serum protein profile of patients with localized and advanced Hodgkin's disease (HD) was analyzed to search for new potential biomarkers of medical interest. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The serum protein profile of 14 healthy donors, 14 patients with advanced disease, 15 patients with localized disease and serum pools of the respective groups, were analyzed using silver stained 12% denaturating polyacrylamide gel. The densitometry and mean band intensity from the bands of interest were analyzed using the Kodak 1D Scientific Imaging System. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The patients' protein profiles presented heterogenous variations; however over-expressed proteins of approximately 26kDa and 18kDa were proven to be statistically different when compared to healthy donors. Such proteins could potentially constitute in molecular markers for diagnosis and patient treatment follow-up.

2653 downloads

11.

Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA by polymerase chain reaction in the blood of individuals, eight years after completion of anti-leprosy therapy
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Santos, Adalberto Rezende

; Balassiano, Vivian

; Oliveira, Maria Leide W

; Pereira, Marcia Aparecida da Silva

; Santos, Patricia Barros

; Degrave, Wim Maurits

; Suffys, Philip Noel

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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nov 2001, Volume 96 N. 8 Pages 1123 - 1133

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Thirty eight patients with indeterminate leprosy (HI), at least 4 to 6 years after discharge from multibacillary (MB) or paucibacillary (PB) schemes of anti leprosy multidrug therapy (MDT), were submitted to traditional diagnostic procedures for leprosy and to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of different clinical samples for detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA. No significant difference was observed for any of the parameters analyzed between PB or MB schemes of treatment and no indications were found for more efficient outcome of HI using the MB scheme. Remarkably, 18 (54.5%) of the individuals were PCR positive in at least one of the samples: positivity of PCR was highest in blood samples and four individuals were PCR positive in blood and some other sample. Upon comparison of PCR results with clinical and histopathological parameters, no correlation was found between PCR-positivity and eventual relapse. This is the first report on detection of M. leprae DNA in PB patients, more than half a decade after completion of MDT, suggesting that live bacilli are present and circulating much longer than expected, although reinfection of the individuals can not be excluded. Overall, we feel that because of the high sensitivity of the assay, extreme care should be taken about association of PCR results, efficacy of treatment and disease status.

2331 downloads Cited 7 times in SciELO

12.

Identification of Transcribed Sequences (ESTs) in the Trypanosoma cruzi Genome Project
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Brandão, Adeílton

; Urmenyi, Turan

; Rondinelli, Edson

; Gonzalez, Antonio

; Miranda, Antonio B de

; Degrave, Wim

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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nov 1997, Volume 92 N. 6 Pages 863 - 866

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Random single pass sequencing of cDNA fragments, also known as generation of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs), has been highly successful in the study of the gene content of higher organisms, and forms an integral part of most genome projects, with the objective to identify new genes and targets for disease control and prevention and to generate mapping probes. In the Trypanosoma cruzi genome project, EST sequencing has also been a starting point, and here we report data on the first 797 sequences obtained, partly from a CL Brener epimastigote non-normalized library, partly on a normalized library. Only around 30% of the sequences obtained showed similarity with Genbank and dbEST databases, half of which with sequences already reported for T. cruzi.

1667 downloads Cited 6 times in SciELO

13.

Parasite Genome Projects and the Trypanosoma cruzi Genome Initiative
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Degrave, Wim

; Levin, Mariano J

; Silveira, José Franco da

; Morel, Carlos M

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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nov 1997, Volume 92 N. 6 Pages 859 - 862

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Since the start of the human genome project, a great number of genome projects on other "model" organism have been initiated, some of them already completed. Several initiatives have also been started on parasite genomes, mainly through support from WHO/TDR, involving North-South and South-South collaborations, and great hopes are vested in that these initiatives will lead to new tools for disease control and prevention, as well as to the establishment of genomic research technology in developing countries. The Trypanosoma cruzi genome project, using the clone CL-Brener as starting point, has made considerable progress through the concerted action of more than 20 laboratories, most of them in the South. A brief overview of the current state of the project is given

1593 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

14.

TcruziDB, an Integrated Database, and the WWW Information Server for the Trypanosoma cruzi Genome Project
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Degrave, Wim

; Miranda, Antonio B de

; Alex, Amorim

; Brandão, Adeílton

; Aslett, Martin

; Vandeyar, Mark

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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nov 1997, Volume 92 N. 6 Pages 805 - 809

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Data analysis, presentation and distribution is of utmost importance to a genome project. A public domain software, ACeDB, has been chosen as the common basis for parasite genome databases, and a first release of TcruziDB, the Trypanosoma cruzi genome database, is available by ftp from ftp://iris.dbbm.fiocruz.br/pub/genomedb/TcruziDB as well as versions of the software for different operating systems (ftp://iris.dbbm.fiocruz.br/pub/unixsoft/). Moreover, data originated from the project are available from the WWW server at http://www.dbbm.fiocruz.br. It contains biological and parasitological data on CL Brener, its karyotype, all available T. cruzi sequences from Genbank, data on the EST-sequencing project and on available libraries, a T. cruzi codon table and a listing of activities and participating groups in the genome project, as well as meeting reports. T. cruzi discussion lists (tcruzi-l@iris.dbbm.fiocruz.br and tcgenics@iris.dbbm.fiocruz.br) are being maintained for communication and to promote collaboration in the genome project

1757 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

15.

The Trypanosoma cruzi Genome Project: Nuclear Karyotype and Gene Mapping of Clone CL Brener
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Santos, Marcia RM

; Cano, Maria I

; Schijman, Alejandro

; Lorenzi, Hernan

; Vázquez, Martin

; Levin, Mariano J

; Ramirez, José Luis

; Brandão, Adeílton

; Degrave, Wim M

; Silveira, José Franco da

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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nov 1997, Volume 92 N. 6 Pages 821 - 828

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

By using improved pulsed field gel electrophoresis conditions, the molecular karyotype of the reference clone CL Brener selected for Trypanosoma cruzi genome project was established. A total of 20 uniform chromosomal bands ranging in size from 0.45 to 3.5 Megabase pairs (Mbp) were resolved in a single run. The weighted sum of the chromosomal bands was approximately 87 Mbp. Chromoblots were hybridized with 39 different homologous probes, 13 of which identified single chromosomes. Several markers showed linkage and four different linkage groups were identified, each comprising two markers. Densitometric analysis suggests that most of the chromosomal bands contain two or more chromosomes representing either homologous chromosomes and/or heterologous chromosomes with similar sizes

3386 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

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