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Resumo A pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil atingiu níveis alarmantes. Na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, ela encontrou um cenário de desmonte da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) em meio à uma crise política, o que teve grande impacto nos territórios de maior vulnerabilidade. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar de que forma as favelas e equipes da APS organizaram-se para desenvolver ações comunitárias, ocupando espaços deixados pela falta de outras políticas públicas. Os resultados fazem parte da pesquisa qualitativa multicêntrica “Estratégias de abordagem dos aspectos subjetivos e sociais na Atenção Primária no contexto da pandemia”, onde foram analisados documentos orientadores públicos e 36 entrevistas em profundidade com trabalhadores e usuários da APS, organizadas em grades interpretativas. Como resultado, observou-se que houve iniciativas cogestoras dos trabalhadores e usuários da APS, a partir do surgimento de coletivos organizados e ativismo social, para o enfrentamento da pandemia, independente das normativas da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e demais instâncias governamentais. A APS se apresentou como único equipamento público nos territórios de alta vulnerabilidade, onde a violência armada esteve presente mesmo durante a pandemia.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has reached alarming levels in Brazil. In Rio de Janeiro city, it arrived in a scenario in which Primary Health Care (PHC) was being dismantled in the midst of a political crisis, which had major impact on the most vulnerable territories. This study examined how favelas and PHC teams organised community-based action and occupy the vacuum left by the lack of public policies. The results form part of the multi-centre qualitative study “Strategies for approaching subjective and social aspects of Primary Care in the pandemic context”, using public guidance documents and 36 in-depth interviews of PHC workers and users, which were categorised into interpretive grids. Co-management initiatives by PHC workers and users were found to have arisen out of organised groups and social activism, to face the pandemic, independently of regulations from the Municipal Health Department and other government bodies. PHC figured as the only public facility in highly vulnerable territories, where armed violence was ongoing even during the pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232812.04812023

COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV: Peering through the waves
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Sales, Thaís Lorenna Souza

; Souza-Silva, Maíra Viana Rego

; Delfino-Pereira, Polianna

; Neves, João Victor Baroni

; Sacioto, Manuela Furtado

; Assis, Vivian Costa Morais de

; Duani, Helena

; Oliveira, Neimy Ramos de

; Sampaio, Natália da Cunha Severino

; Ramos, Lucas Emanuel Ferreira

; Schwarzbold, Alexandre Vargas

; Jorge, Alzira de Oliveira

; Scotton, Ana Luiza Bahia Alves

; Castro, Bruno Mateus de

; Silva, Carla Thais Cândida Alves da

; Ramos, Carolina Marques

; Anschau, Fernando

; Botoni, Fernando Antonio

; Grizende, Genna Maira Santos

; Nascimento, Guilherme Fagundes

; Ruschel, Karen Brasil

; Menezes, Luanna Silva Monteiro

; Castro, Luís César de

; Nasi, Luiz Antônio

; Carneiro, Marcelo

; Godoy, Mariana Frizzo de

; Nogueira, Matheus Carvalho Alves

; Guimarães Júnior, Milton Henriques

; Ziegelmann, Patricia Klarmann

; Almeida, Rafaela Charão de

; Francisco, Saionara Cristina

; Silveira Neto, Sidney Teodoro

; Araújo, Silvia Ferreira

; Avelino-Silva, Thiago Junqueira

; Aliberti, Márlon Juliano Romero

; Pires, Magda Carvalho

; Silva, Eduardo Sérgio da

; Marcolino, Milena Soriano

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100223

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective To evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected with HIV, and to compare with a paired sample without HIV infection. Methods This is a substudy of a Brazilian multicentric cohort that comprised two periods (2020 and 2021). Data was obtained through the retrospective review of medical records. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation, and death. Patients with HIV and controls were matched for age, sex, number of comorbidities, and hospital of origin using the technique of propensity score matching (up to 4:1). They were compared using the Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon for numerical variables. Results Throughout the study, 17,101 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized, and 130 (0.76%) of those were infected with HIV. The median age was 54 (IQR: 43.0;64.0) years in 2020 and 53 (IQR: 46.0;63.5) years in 2021, with a predominance of females in both periods. People Living with HIV (PLHIV) and their controls showed similar prevalence for admission to the ICU and invasive mechanical ventilation requirement in the two periods, with no significant differences. In 2020, in-hospital mortality was higher in the PLHIV compared to the controls (27.9% vs. 17.7%; p = 0.049), but there was no difference in mortality between groups in 2021 (25.0% vs. 25.1%; p > 0.999). Conclusions Our results reiterate that PLHIV were at higher risk of COVID-19 mortality in the early stages of the pandemic, however, this finding did not sustain in 2021, when the mortality rate is similar to the control group.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100223

Coletivos organizados, ativismo social e narrativas da pandemia em territórios vulneráveis na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Gutiérrez, Adriana Coser

; Campos, Gastão Wagner de Sousa

; Cunha, Marcela Silva da

; Mattos, Mauricio Pereira de

; Costa, Patricia dos Santos da

; Silva, Rafaela Oliveira Lopes da

; Pereira, Ana Carolina dos Santos Rangel

; Campos, Adilson Rocha

; Guerra, Cyntia Amorim

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2023, Volume 28 N. 12 Pages 3533 - 3542

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320232812.04812023

A vigilancia farmacológica no cenário brasileiro do sáculo 21
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Alencar, Feliphe Lacerda Souza De

; Costa, Rafaela dos Santos

; Amaral, Viviane Souza Do

; Navoni, Julio Alejandro

Acta toxicológica argentina

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sep 2022, Volume 30 N. 2 Pages 1 - 10

Abstract: En Pt Es | Text: En Pt Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es

Abstract Studies in pharmacological and ecopharmacological surveillance make it possible to monitor, identify and minimize harmful effects arising from the use of drugs. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe the current scenario of pharmacoepidemiology and ecopharmacovigilance in Brazil, about the production, registration, marketing, and use of medicines. A systematic survey was carried out through the PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, and SciELO databases, whose theme involved research in pharmacoeconomics, pharmacovigilance, ecopharmacovigilance, and the study of drug use in Brazil from 2001 to 2019. Publications were unevenly distributed between Brazilian regions. Hypertensive patients, cancer patients, and pregnant women were the most cited risk groups, and antimicrobials, psychotropics, and antineoplastics were the most discussed pharmacological groups. Cost of health care was the most discussed topic in the context of pharmacoeconomics and most of the work was aimed at analyzing and obtaining data regarding the use of drugs and their adverse reactions. Regarding ecopharmacovigilance, no publications were found in Brazil covering this area. Despite advances in pharmacoepidemiological legislation and improvements in inspection processes, regarding the surveillance of the production, registration, commercialization, and use of medicines, there are still gaps regarding the contribution of a directed scientific vision, especially to the management and different uses of resources. therapeutic and economic aspects of the Brazilian health system, as well as an environmental vision regarding the use of medicines.

Resumo Os estudos em vigilancia farmacológica e ecofarmacológicas possibilitam o monitoramento, identificagao e minimi-zagao de efeitos nocivos advindos do uso de medicamentos. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever o cenário atual da farmacoepidemiologia e ecofarmacovigilancia no Brasil, no que se refere a produgao, registro, comerciali-zagao e uso de medicamentos. Foi realizado um levantamento sistemático, através dos bancos de dados PubMed/Medline, Lilacs e SciELO, cuja temática envolveu pesquisas em farmacoeconomia, farmacovigilancia, ecofarmacovigilancia e estudo da utilizagao de medicamentos no Brasil de 2001 a 2019. As publicagóes distribuíram-se de forma desigual entre as regióes brasileiras. Pacientes hipertensos, oncológicos e as gestantes foram os grupos de risco mais citados e os antimicrobianos, psicotrópicos e antineoplásicos os grupos farmacológicos mais discutidos. Custo de cuidados em saúde foi a temática mais abordada no contexto da farmacoeconomia e grande parte dos trabalhos destinou-se a análise e obtengao de dados referentes ao uso de medicamentos e suas reagóes adversas. Em relagao a ecofarmacovigilancia nao foram encontradas publicagóes no Brasil que contemplem essa área. Apesar dos avangos da legislagao farmacoepidemiológica e melhorias nos processos de fiscalizagao, no que tange a vigilancia da produgao, registro, comercializagao e uso de medicamentos, ainda permanecem carencias, quanto ao aporte de uma visao científica direcionada, sobretudo ao gerenciamento e diferentes usos dos recursos terapéuticos, e económicos do sistema de saúde brasileiro, bem como uma visao ambiental referente ao uso de medicamentos.

Resumen Los estudios de vigilancia farmacológica y ecofarmacológica permiten controlar, identificar y minimizar los efectos nocivos derivados del uso de los medicamentos. Ante esto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el escenario actual de la farmacoepidemiología y la ecofarmacovigilancia en Brasil, en relación con la producción, el registro, la comercialización y el uso de los medicamentos. Se realizó una encuesta sistemática, a través de las bases de datos PubMed/Medline, Lilacs y SciELO, cuya temática involucró investigaciones sobre farmacoepidemiología, farmacovigilancia, ecofarmacovigilancia y estudio del uso de medicamentos en Brasil desde 2001 hasta 2019. Las publicaciones se distribuyeron de forma desigual entre las regiones brasileñas. Los pacientes hipertensos, los pacientes oncológicos y las mujeres embarazadas fueron los grupos de riesgo más citados y los antimicrobianos, los psicotrópicos y los antineoplásicos fueron los grupos farmacológicos más discutidos. El coste de la asistencia sanitaria fue el tema más abordado en el contexto de la farmacoeconomía y la mayoría de los trabajos estaban dirigidos a analizar y obtener datos sobre el uso de los medicamentos y sus reacciones adversas. En cuanto a la ecofarmacovigilancia, no se encontraron publicaciones en Brasil que aborden esta área. A pesar de los avances en la legislación farmacoepidemiológica y de las mejoras en los procesos de inspección, en lo que respecta a la vigilancia de la producción, registro, comercialización y uso de los medicamentos, todavía falta una visión científica dirigida, sobre todo, a la gestión y a los diferentes usos de los recursos terapéuticos y económicos del sistema de salud brasileño, así como una visión ambiental en cuanto al uso de los medicamentos.

Potential control of invasive species of orange cup coral Tubastrea coccinea Lesson, 1829 using a synthetic natural compound
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Costa, Rafaela dos Santos

; Batista, Daniela

; Batista, William Romão

; Neves, Maria Helena Baeta

; Lopes, Cláudio Cerqueira

; Lopes, Rosangela Sabattini Capella

; Braga, Esther Faria

; Nascimento, Thiana Santiago

; Dobretsov, Sergey

; Coutinho, Ricardo

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2022, Volume 70 elocation e22017

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Non-toxic defence against marine biofouling species including invasive species is urgently required. The effect of a synthetic natural compound “1-hydroxy-2-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine” was tested against larvae of the invasive orange cup coral T. coccinea Lesson, 1829. The larvae were placed in 24-well microtiter plates immediately after their release and subjected to the compound at concentrations of 0.5, 5, 10, 50, and 100 μg mL-1 and three treatments (copper sulfate, solvents, and seawater). Larval mortality ranged from 35% (100 μg mL-1) to 3% (5 μg mL-1), and their average of lethal concentration (LC50) was 142.2 μg mL-1. The results of this study show that compound is a potential option to be applied in the management and control of T. coccinea on artificial structures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824070.21069rdsc

Immunocastrated female pigs’ social and feeding behaviour
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Klein, Daniela Regina

; Batista, Daniela Cardoso

; Kunzler, Josué Sebastiany

; Medeiros, Janaina Martins de

; Spagnol, Rafaela dos Santos

; Muniz, Henrique da Costa Mendes

; Quadros, Arlei Rodrigues Bonet de

; Verardi, Amanda D’avila

; Oliveira, Vladimir de

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2022, Volume 51 elocation e20200183

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT This study compared the social and feeding behaviour of immunocastrated female pigs using different immunocastration protocols. We used seventy-two gilts from industrial crossbreeding (Agroceres × Topigs) at 15 weeks of age. The pigs were distributed in a randomised design with three treatments. The second dose of the immunocastration vaccine was applied in two groups, six weeks before slaughter (I6) and four weeks before slaughter (I4). A non-immunised group (NI) was used for comparison. Due to the divergence in the time of immunisation between the two groups, an individual comparison of each immunocastrated group with the control group (NI vs. I6 and NI vs. I4) was performed. Social behaviour was analysed through the collection of images by a monitoring camera, and the analysis period was from 6:00 to 18:00 h, with behaviour observed every ten minutes. Feeding behaviour data were collected by the automated FIRE® system. Anti-GnRH immunisation and the different protocols of application did not influence most social and feeding behaviours.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5120200183

CHALLENGES AT THE FRONT: EXPERIENCES OF PROFESSIONALS IN ADMITTING PATIENTS TO THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
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Pereira, Joelmara Furtado dos Santos

; Carvalho, Ruth Helena de Souza Britto Ferreira de

; Pinho, Judith Rafaelle Oliveira

; Thomaz, Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca

; Lamy, Zeni Carvalho

; Soares, Rafaela Duailibe

; Santos, Jéssica Mendes Costa de Freitas

; Britto e Alves, Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de

Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem

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2022, Volume 31 elocation e20220196

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer perspectivas, práticas e desafios na tomada de decisão para admissão de pacientes em leitos de Unidades de Terapia Intensiva na pandemia da Covid-19. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido em dois hospitais públicos do Maranhão, Brasil, de novembro/2020 a janeiro/2021. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas individuais guiadas por roteiro. Participaram do estudo 22 profissionais: enfermeiros e médicos que atuaram em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e Regulação de Leitos na primeira onda da pandemia. Empregou-se a Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade temática, com apoio do Qualitative Data Analysis Software para categorização dos dados. A teoria da Responsabilidade pela Razoabilidade norteou o estudo. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias principais: “Contexto do processo decisório - o paradoxo das altas celestiais” e “Tomada de decisão para admissão”. No cenário de alta demanda, insuficiência de leitos e de incertezas da “nova doença”, decidir quem ocuparia o leito era árduo e conflitante. Critérios clínicos e não clínicos, como gravidade, chance de sobrevivência, distância a ser percorrida e condições do transporte foram considerados. Constatou-se que a ambivalência de sentimentos atribuídos à morte e ao cuidado, naquele momento da pandemia, marcaram o ambiente social e técnico da terapia intensiva. Conclusões: evidenciou-se a complexidade do processo decisório para admissão em unidade de terapia intensiva, demonstrando a importância de analisar a alocação de recursos críticos em cenários pandêmicos. Conhecer as perspectivas dos profissionais e as reflexões deles sobre as experiências naquele período podem auxiliar no planejamento de alocação de recursos de saúde em cenários emergenciais futuros.

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the perspectives, practices and challenges in decision-making for admitting patients into the Intensive Care Unit during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: a qualitative study developed in two public hospitals in Maranhão, Brazil, from November/2020 to January/2021. Data collection took place through individual interviews guided by a script. A total of 22 professionals participated in the study: nurses and doctors who worked in the Intensive Care Unit and Bed Regulation in the first wave of the pandemic. Content Analysis was used in the thematic mode, with support from the Qualitative Data Analysis software program for data categorization. The theory of Responsibility for Reasonableness guided the study. Results: two main categories emerged: “The context of the decision-making process - the paradox of celestial discharges” and “Decision-making for admission”. In the scenario of high demand, a lack of beds, and the uncertainties of the “new disease”, deciding who would occupy the bed was arduous and conflicting. Clinical and non-clinical criteria such as severity, chance of survival, distance to be covered and transport conditions were considered. It was found that the ambivalence of feelings attributed to death and care at that moment of the pandemic marked the social and technical environment of intensive care. Conclusions: the complexity of the decision-making process for admission to an intensive care unit was evidenced, demonstrating the importance of analyzing the allocation of critical resources in pandemic scenarios. Knowing the perspectives of professionals and their reflections on the experiences in that period can help in planning the allocation of health resources in future emergency scenarios.

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer perspectivas, prácticas y desafíos en la toma de decisiones para el ingreso de pacientes a camas en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos en la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: un estudio cualitativo, desarrollado en dos hospitales públicos de Maranhão, Brasil, de noviembre/2020 a enero/2021. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas individuales guiadas por un guión. Un total de 22 profesionales participaron en el estudio: enfermeros y médicos que actuaban en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y Regulación de Camas en la primera ola de la pandemia. Se utilizó el Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad temática, con apoyo del Software de Análisis Cualitativo de Datos para la categorización de los datos. La teoría de la Responsabilidad por la Razonabilidad guió el estudio. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías principales: “El contexto del proceso de toma de decisiones - la paradoja de los altos celestes” y “Toma de decisiones para la admisión”. En el escenario de alta demanda, escasez de camas e incertidumbres de la “nueva enfermedad”, decidir quién ocuparía la cama fue arduo y conflictivo. Se consideraron criterios clínicos y no clínicos, como gravedad, probabilidad de supervivencia, distancia a recorrer y condiciones de transporte. Se constató que la ambivalencia de los sentimientos atribuidos a la muerte y al cuidado, en ese momento de la pandemia, marcaron el ambiente social y técnico de la terapia intensiva. Conclusiones: se evidenció la complejidad del proceso de toma de decisiones para el ingreso a una unidad de cuidados intensivos, demostrando la importancia de analizar la asignación de recursos críticos en escenarios de pandemia. Conocer las perspectivas de los profesionales y sus reflexiones sobre las experiencias en ese período puede ayudar en la planificación de la asignación de recursos de salud en futuros escenarios de emergencia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2022-0196en

Effect of supplementation of ewes in the final third of gestation on the development of their lambs
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Campos, Nathália Rafaela Fidelis

; Difante, Gelson dos Santos

; Gurgel, Antonio Leandro Chaves

; Costa, Carolina Marques

; Montagner, Denise Baptaglin

; Emerenciano Neto, João Virgínio

; Ítavo, Luís Carlos Vinhas

; Ítavo, Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira

; Carvalho Netto, Roldão Teixeira de

; Véras, Emmanuel Lievio de Lima

; Costa, Ana Beatriz Graciano da

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2022, Volume 51 elocation e20210094

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study examined the effect of different supplementation strategies for ewes in the last third of gestation, kept on a deferred Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture, on their performance and the growth curve of their lambs. A total of 54 ewes, of no defined breed, with an average weight of 41.10±3.10 kg, were used in a completely randomized design, divided into three groups (18 ewes per treatment). In total, 61 lambs were born, 28 females and 33 males, with 3.70±0.55 and 3.68±0.69 kg birth weight, respectively. Treatments were as follows: multiple mixture ad libitum, concentrate supplement at 0.4% live weight (LW), and concentrate supplement at 0.8% LW. Average daily weight gain (ADG, g/animal/day) and total weight gain (TWG, kg/animal) were evaluated in ewes and lambs. Reproductive efficiency indices were measured in the ewes and biometric variables in the lambs. The ADG and TWG of ewes in the last third of gestation were higher in animals supplemented at 0.8% LW. Reproductive efficiency results were superior in ewes supplemented at 0.4% LW. The effect of ewe supplementation on lamb growth curve as estimated by the Gompertz model did not reveal differences between the curves of lambs born to ewes that received supplementation at 0.4 and 0.8% LW. However, supplementing ewes with a multiple mixture induced a reduction in the growth curve parameters of their lambs. The use of concentrated supplementation, at levels of 0.4 and 0.8% of LW, provides greater productive and reproductive performance for ewes and lambs.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5120210094

Evaluation of a rapid detection method of Salmonella in comparison with the culture method and microbiological quality in fish from the Brazilian Amazon
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SANTOS, Paula Hellayne Costa dos

; FIGUEIREDO, Hamilton M.

; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da

; SILVA, Rafaela Santos Oliveira da

; CARDOSO, Gabrielle Virginia Ferreira

; MORAES, Carina Martins

; RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz

Food Science and Technology

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mar 2021, Volume 41 N. 1 Pages 151 - 157

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Microbiological safety of fish is a concern of consumers, industries and regulatory agencies worldwide. Among the pathogenic microorganisms, Salmonella spp. is one of the main agents of foodborne diseases and should be absent in animal products. Rapid and accurate identification of pathogens in the supply chain is important for both quality assurance and tracking infectious agents within the chain. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the equivalence of two rapid detection tests, as alternative methods to the conventional Salmonella detection method, as well as to verify the microbiological quality parameters of two commercially important fish species in the Amazon biome. The plate count of aerobic bacteria ranged from 7.76 x 104 to 8.71 x 107 CFU.g-1 for mesophiles and 1.70 x 106 to 4.27 x 108 CFU.g-1 for psychrotrophic whereas the maximum for this group of microorganisms in fresh fish is 106 CFU.g-1. Regarding the Staphylococcus count, the two species presented variations between 1.35 x 104 to 1.51 x 105 CFU.g-1. This represents unsatisfactory conditions of handling, storage and conservation of fish species. The immunoenzymatic and molecular methods have been shown to be reliable, fast and effective in the detection of Salmonella and for its high index of agreement with the conventional detection method. We also emphasize the convenience of multiplex PCR application due to the high sensitivity, specificity, speed and accuracy of Salmonella detection.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.38719 452 downloads

10.

História da enfermagem obstétrica na Escola de Enfermagem Carlos Chagas: análise sob a perspectiva freidsoniana
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Schreck, Rafaela Siqueira Costa

; Frugoli, Alice Gomes

; Santos, Biannka Melo dos

; Carregal, Fernanda Alves dos Santos

; Silva, Kênia Lara da

; Santos, Fernanda Batista Oliveira

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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2021, Volume 55 elocation e03762

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a oferta da primeira especialização em enfermagem do estado de Minas Gerais, denominada “Curso de Pós-Graduação em Obstetrícia”, pela Escola de Enfermagem Carlos Chagas, em 1966, e sua contribuição para a profissionalização da enfermagem obstétrica. Método Estudo sócio-histórico documental, pautado na Sociologia das Profissões segundo Eliot Freidson. Resultados Os dados coletados possibilitaram a seguinte composição temática: organização acadêmica do curso de especialização e diferenciais e descontinuidades da primeira especialização da Escola de Enfermagem Carlos Chagas, sendo delineadas duas categorias: “Construção de conhecimento próprio para a enfermagem obstétrica” e “Fortalecimento do saber especializado para notoriedade científica”. Conclusão A primeira oferta de um curso de especialização em enfermagem pela Escola de Enfermagem Carlos Chagas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais representou um marco na história da enfermagem mineira e da própria instituição por ser pioneira e ter atraído estudantes de fora do estado, com repercussão pelo Brasil. Este protagonismo apoiou o curso da profissionalização no estado e no país, contribuindo para notoriedade científica da instituição e da categoria profissional.

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the offering of the first graduate certificate program in nursing in the state of Minas Gerais, called “Graduate Certificate Course in Obstetrics” (Curso de Pós-Graduação em Obstetrícia), by the Nursing School Carlos Chagas, in 1966, and its contribution to the professionalization of obstetric nursing. Method this is a documentary, socio-historical study, based on the Sociology of Professions by Freidson. Results the data collected allowed the following thematic composition: academic organization of the graduate certificate program and differentials and discontinuities of the first graduate certificate program at the Nursing School Carlos Chagas, with two categories delineated: “Construction of specific knowledge for obstetric nursing” and “Enhancement of specialized knowledge for scientific notoriety”. Conclusion The first offering of a graduate certificate program in nursing by the Nursing School Carlos Chagas at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais was a milestone in the history of nursing in Minas Gerais and of the institution itself for being groundbreaking and having attracted students from other states, with repercussions in Brazil. This protagonism supported the professionalization course in the state and in the country, contributing to the scientific notoriety of the institution and of the professional category.

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar la oferta del primer curso de especialización en enfermería de la provincia de Minas Gerais, denominado “Curso de postgrado en Obstetricia”, ofertado por la Escuela de Enfermería Carlos Chagas en 1966 y su contribución para la profesionalización de la enfermería obstétrica. Método Estudio socio-histórico documental basado en la Sociología de las Profesiones de Elliot Freidson. Resultados Los datos colectados permitieron la siguiente composición temática: Organización académica del curso de especialización y diferenciales y discontinuidades de la primera especialización de la Escuela de Enfermería Carlos Chagas en dos categorías: “Construcción de conocimiento propio para la enfermería obstétrica” y “Fortalecimiento del saber especializado para notoriedad científica”. Conclusión La primera oferta de un curso de especialización en enfermería por la Escuela de Enfermería Carlos Chagas de la Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais representó un hito de la enfermería minera y de la propia institución, por ser pionera y haber captado estudiantes de otras provincias con repercusión por el país. Este protagonismo apoyó la trayectoria de la profesionalización en la provincia y en Brasil con contribución científica y profesional.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2020014703762 284 downloads

11.

Exome sequencing and targeted gene panels: a simulated comparison of diagnostic yield using data from 158 patients with rare diseases
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Quaio, Caio Robledo D’Angioli Costa

; Obando, María José Rivadeneira

; Perazzio, Sandro Felix

; Dutra, Aurelio Pimenta

; Chung, Christine Hsiaoyun

; Moreira, Caroline Monaco

; Novo Filho, Gil Monteiro

; Sacramento-Bobotis, Patricia Rossi

; Penna, Michele Groenner

; Souza, Rafaela Rogerio Floriano de

; Cintra, Vivian Pedigone

; Carnavalli, Juliana Emilia Prior

; Silva, Rafael Alves da

; Santos, Monize Nakamoto Provisor

; Paixão, Daniele

; Baratela, Wagner Antonio da Rosa

; Olivati, Caroline

; Spolador, Gustavo Marquezani

; Pintao, Maria Carolina

; Fornari, Alexandre Ricardo dos Santos

; Burger, Matheus

; Ramalho, Rodrigo Fernandes

; Pereira, Otavio Jose Eulalio

; Ferreira, Elisa Napolitano e

; Mitne-Neto, Miguel

; Kim, Chong Ae

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 4 elocation 20210061

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has altered clinical genetic testing by widening the access to molecular diagnosis of genetically determined rare diseases. However, physicians may face difficulties selecting the best diagnostic approach. Our goal is to estimate the rate of possible molecular diagnoses missed by different targeted gene panels using data from a cohort of patients with rare genetic diseases diagnosed with exome sequencing (ES). For this purpose, we simulated a comparison between different targeted gene panels and ES: the list of genes harboring clinically relevant variants from 158 patients was used to estimate the theoretical rate of diagnoses missed by NGS panels from 53 different NGS panels from eight different laboratories. Panels presented a mean rate of missed diagnoses of 64% (range 14%-100%) compared to ES, representing an average predicted sensitivity of 36%. Metabolic abnormalities represented the group with highest mean of missed diagnoses (86%), while seizure represented the group with lowest mean (46%). Focused gene panels are restricted in covering select sets of genes implicated in specific diseases and they may miss molecular diagnoses of rare diseases compared to ES. However, their role in genetic diagnosis remains important especially for well-known genetic diseases with established genetic locus heterogeneity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0061 205 downloads

12.

Chronic use of hydroxychloroquine did not protect against COVID-19 in a large cohort of patients with rheumatic diseases in Brazil
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Pileggi, Gecilmara Salviato

; Ferreira, Gilda Aparecida

; Gomides Reis, Ana Paula Monteiro

; Reis Neto, Edgard Torres

; Abreu, Mirhelen Mendes

; Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires

; Araújo, Nafice Costa

; Bacchiega, Ana Beatriz

; Bianchi, Dante Valdetaro

; Bica, Blanca

; Bonfa, Eloisa Duarte

; Borba, Eduardo Ferreira

; Brito, Danielle Christinne Soares Egypto

; Duarte, Ângela Luzia Branco Pinto

; Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro Espírito

; Fernandes, Paula Reale

; Guimarães, Mariana Peixoto

; Gomes, Kirla Wagner Poti

; Kakehasi, Adriana Maria

; Klumb, Evandro Mendes

; Lanna, Cristina Costa Duarte

; Marques, Claudia Diniz Lopes

; Monticielo, Odirlei André

; Mota, Licia Maria Henrique

; Munhoz, Gabriela Araújo

; Paiva, Eduardo Santos

; Pereira, Helena Lucia Alves

; Provenza, José Roberto

; Ribeiro, Sandra Lucia Euzébio

; Rocha Junior, Laurindo Ferreira

; Sampaio, Camila Santana Justo Cintra

; Sampaio, Vanderson Souza

; Sato, Emília Inoue

; Skare, Thelma

; de Souza, Viviane Angelina

; Valim, Valeria

; Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães

; Xavier, Ricardo Machado

; Pinheiro, Marcelo Medeiros

Advances in Rheumatology

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2021, Volume 61 elocation 60

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: There is a lack of information on the role of chronic use of hydroxychloroquine during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Our aim was to compare the occurrence of COVID-19 between rheumatic disease patients on hydroxychloroquine with individuals from the same household not taking the drug during the first 8 weeks of community viral transmission in Brazil. Methods: This baseline cross-sectional analysis is part of a 24-week observational multi-center study involving 22 Brazilian academic outpatient centers. All information regarding COVID-19 symptoms, epidemiological, clinical, and demographic data were recorded on a specific web-based platform using telephone calls from physicians and medical students. COVID-19 was defined according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health (BMH) criteria. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Exact Fisher tests were used for statistical analysis and two binary Final Logistic Regression Model by Wald test were developed using a backward-stepwise method for the presence of COVID-19. Results: From March 29th to May 17st, 2020, a total of 10,443 participants were enrolled, including 5166 (53.9%) rheumatic disease patients, of whom 82.5% had systemic erythematosus lupus, 7.8% rheumatoid arthritis, 3.7% Sjögren’s syndrome and 0.8% systemic sclerosis. In total, 1822 (19.1%) participants reported flu symptoms within the 30 days prior to enrollment, of which 3.1% fulfilled the BMH criteria, but with no significant difference between rheumatic disease patients (4.03%) and controls (3.25%). After adjustments for multiple confounders, the main risk factor significantly associated with a COVID-19 diagnosis was lung disease (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.03-2.58); and for rheumatic disease patients were diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (OR 2.8; 95% CI 1.19-6.63) and glucocorticoids above 10 mg/ day (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.31-3.19). In addition, a recent influenza vaccination had a protective effect (OR 0.674; 95% CI 0.46-0.98). Conclusion: Patients with rheumatic disease on hydroxychloroquine presented a similar occurrence of COVID-19 to household cohabitants, suggesting a lack of any protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC; RBR - 9KTWX6).

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-021-00217-0 22 downloads

13.

Método Alternativo de Zoneamento Agroclimático do Milho para o Estado de Alagoas
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Lima, Clóvis Isaac Silva de

; Silva, Fabrício Daniel dos Santos

; Freitas, Ismael Guidson Farias de

; Pinto, David Duarte Cavalcante

; Costa, Rafaela Lisboa

; Gomes, Heliofábio Barros

; Silva, Ewerton Hallan de Lima

; Silva, Lindenberg Lucena da

; Silva, Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da

; Silva, Bruce Kelly da Nóbrega

Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia

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dec 2020, Volume 35 N. spe Pages 1057 - 1067

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O cultivo de milho em regime de sequeiro no estado de Alagoas é determinado pela variabilidade climática, especialmente sob as recorrentes secas que influenciam a recarga dos recursos hídricos em toda a região Nordeste do Brasil. Uma das formas de minimizar o risco de perdas é estabelecer uma janela climática ótima para o plantio. Nessa pesquisa utilizou-se um modelo agrometeorológico de penalização por déficit hídrico para simular a produtividade em todos os municípios de Alagoas no período de 1980 a 2015. A alta correlação entre simulações e observações, e o erro médio absoluto baixo para estações de referência validaram o modelo. Há diferentes janelas favoráveis ao plantio, mais curta no sertão durante o mês de abril, entre o terceiro decêndio de março e o terceiro decêndio de maio no agreste, e entre o primeiro decêndio de março e o segundo decêndio de junho no leste alagoano. Em média, as perdas relativas de produtividade no sertão são de 45%, no agreste de 40% a 45%, e em torno de 20% no leste. Estes resultados podem auxiliar o Zoneamento Agrícola de Risco Climático de Culturas do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, a estabelecer um calendário mais criterioso para a semeadura do milho no estado de Alagoas.

The cultivation of corn under a rainfed regime along the state of Alagoas is deeply influenced by climate variability, especially when considering the recurring droughts affecting the entire Northeast region of Brazil. One way of minimizing the risk of losses is establishing a climate window that is optimal for the sowing time. This study resorted to an agrometeorological model of damages by water deficit to simulate the productivity in every municipality of Alagoas from 1980 to 2015. The high correlation between simulations and observations, and the low absolute mean error for reference stations validated the model. There are different windows favourable to planting, shorter in the hinterland during the month of April, between the third ten days of March and the third ten days of May in the wild, and between the first ten days of March and the second ten days of June in eastern Alagoas. On average, relative productivity losses are about 45% in “Sertão”, 40-45% in “Agreste”, and around 20% in the coast. Such results can aid the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply, in the elaboration of its Agricultural Climate Risk Zoning of Crops, potentially resulting in a more considerate calendar for corn sowing in Alagoas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-778635500113 304 downloads

14.

Cenários Climáticos e Produtividade do Algodão no Nordeste do Brasil. Parte II: Simulação Para 2020 a 2080
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Silva, Fabrício Daniel dos Santos

; Costa, Rafaela Lisboa

; Rocha Júnior, Rodrigo Lins da

; Gomes, Heliofábio Barros

; Azevedo, Pedro Vieira de

; Silva, Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da

; Monteiro, Leonardo Amaral

Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia

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dec 2020, Volume 35 N. spe Pages 913 - 929

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal gerar cenários climáticos futuros, e avaliar os impactos na produtividade do algodão herbáceo através de um modelo agrometeorólogico, quando comparada com a produtividade atual observada. Um downscaling estatístico foi empregado para obter as series futuras das variáveis meteorológicas necessárias para o cálculo da produtividade, obtido com um modelo agrometeorólogico devidamente calibrada para a realidade do algodão na região semiárida do Nordeste brasileiro. As series temporais das variáveis meteorológicas tiveram suas falhas devidamente preenchidas e passaram por um rigoroso sistema de controle de qualidade. As projeções futuras calculadas para os cenários climáticos A1B e A2, dos modelos ECHAM5-OM e HadGEM2-ES foram unanimes em apontar redução significativa das chuvas e aumento das temperaturas. A evapotranspiração, consequentemente, também apresenta tendência de aumento para o horizonte futuro estudado, de 2020 a 2080. Como impacto para a cultura do algodão, prevê-se, para 23 municípios estudados do semiárido nordestino, redução significativa da produtividade, que pode ser reduzida a aproximadamente metade da produtividade atual observada.

Abstract This paper had as its primary objective the generation of future climatic scenarios and the evaluation of impacts over the productivity of upland cotton through an agrometeorological model, when compared to the current productivity observed. A statistical downscaling was used to obtain the future series of meteorological variables needed for the calculation of productivity, obtained with an agrometeorological model appropriately calibrated for the reality of cotton in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil. The time series of the meteorological variables had their flaws properly completed and went through a rigorous quality control system. The future projections calculated for the climatic scenarios A1B and A2, of the models ECHAM5-OM and HadGEM2-ES were unanimous in pointing out the significant reduction in rainfall and temperature rising. The evapotranspiration, consequently, also presents an upward trend for the future horizon studied, from 2020 to 2080. As impact for the cotton crop, is predicted, for the 23 studied municipalities of the northeast semi-arid, a significant reduction in productivity, which can be reduced to approximately half of the current observed productivity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-77863550102 303 downloads

15.

Aplicabilidade do Indicador Técnico MACD à Previsibilidade da Vazão Média Anual do Rio Paraná
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Pinto, David Duarte Cavalcante

; Melo, Maria Luciene Dias de

; Silva, Fabrício Daniel dos Santos

; Molion, Luiz Carlos Baldicero

; Costa, Rafaela Lisboa

Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia

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dec 2020, Volume 35 N. spe Pages 861 - 870

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este artigo avalia a aplicabilidade e efetividade da ferramenta estatística “Convergência e Divergência de Médias Móveis” (MACD) à previsibilidade das vazões médias anuais do Rio Paraná medidas na cidade de Corrientes-Argentina, com amplitude temporal de 100 anos. Esta técnica é amplamente utilizada no mercado financeiro para previsão de tendências e reversões em valores de commodities e ações, tendo sofrido ajustes para uso nesse estudo. às médias móveis exponenciais (EMA) do oscilador, atribuíram-se períodos correspondentes a ciclos astronômicos que produzem efeitos na variável climatológica em estudo: o Ciclo solar de Schwabe, de periodicidade de 11,2 anos, o Ciclo Nodal Lunar, de 18,6 anos, e o Ciclo Apsidal Lunar, de 8,85 anos. Há um crescente entendimento científico de que tais parâmetros cíclicos astronômicos exercem influência no clima terrestre, inclusive sobre oscilações oceano-atmosféricas de escala global, como a Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico (ODP) e a El Niño-Oscilação Sul (ENOS), que, por sua vez, sabidamente se relacionam à variável, a qual é resposta das condições de pluviometria que levam águas a dois dos rios mais importantes da bacia do Prata: o Paraná e o Uruguai. Propriedades específicas da MACD obtiveram desempenho considerável na predição de tendências de aumento/diminuição em diversos períodos nessa série centenária de vazões. Encoraja-se a aplicação da MACD a outras variáveis climáticas, como precipitação, PNM e TSM, de modo a efetivá-la como mais uma ferramenta a fornecer esteio às previsões climáticas.

Abstract This article assesses the applicability and effectiveness of the statistical tool “Convergence and Divergence of Moving Averages” (MACD) to the predictability of the average annual flow of the Paraná River measured in the city of Corrientes-Argentina, with a time span of 100 years. This technique is widely used in the financial market for forecasting trends and reversals in commodities and stock prices. Given the versatile nature of this technique, its parameters were easily adapted to be implemented in this study. The periods assigned to the exponential moving averages (EMA), an inherent parameter of the oscillator, allude to astronomical cycles that produce effects on the climatological variable in the addressed timescale, namely, the Schwabe Solar Cycle, with a periodicity of 11.2 years, the Lunar Nodal Cycle, of 18.6 years, and the Apsidal Lunar Cycle, of 8.85 years. There is a growing scientific understanding that such astronomical cyclical parameters do influence the terrestrial climate, especially via the modulation of ocean-atmospheric oscillations of global scale, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (ODP) and El Niño-Oscilação Sul (ENOS), which are known to be related to the variable in study, which, in turn, is responsive to the rainfall conditions that supply water to two of the most important rivers in the La Plata basin: Paraná and Uruguay. Specific properties of MACD obtained considerable performance in predicting trends of increase/decrease in several periods of that centennial data series of river flow. The use of MACD for other climate variables, such as rainfall, Sea Level Pressure and Sea Surface Temperature, is highly encouraged, in order to consummate it as an additional tool to improve confidence in climate prediction.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-77863550013 272 downloads

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