ABSTRACT Among species of the genus Dyckia Schult. & Schult. f. there are 13 endemic species of the Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina informally treated as the Dyckia selloa complex. This study employed standard plant anatomy techniques to investigate variation in leaf morphology of species belonging to the genus Dyckia with a focus of establishing characters that help delimit the Dyckia selloa complex. The results allowed the survey of morphological and anatomical characters important for the characterization of species. Such characters include color of spines, the presence of water-storage parenchyma and mechanical hypodermis on both leaf surfaces, and the presence of tetracytic stomata on only the abaxial surface. Analyses support the current delimitation of the complex and recommend the investigation of reproductive and/or vegetative organs to better understand the relationships among these species of Dyckia.

Resumen La triada sombría de la personalidad -narcisismo, maquiavelismo y psicopatía- retrata características antagonistas, insensibles y socialmente aversivas. Es sabido que la personalidad, tanto saludable como patológica, afecta diversos factores en la vida de los individuos. Este estudio buscó comprender la capacidad explicativa de la triada sombría en los afectos positivos y negativos y en el locus de control. Por esto fueron realizados dos estudios. Conformaron el primero de ellos 154 participantes, con promedio de edad de 27.14 años (DP = 9.28) que respondieron al Dirty Dozen y la Escala de Afectos Positivos y Negativos. El segundo estudio estuvo compuesto por 660 participantes, con edad promedio de 22.83 años (DP = 7.21) que fueron evaluados por el short Dark Triad y la Escala Multidimensional de Locus de Control. Los resultados indicaron que la triada sombría explica positivamente los afectos negativos, mientras que el maquiavelismo explica negativamente el locus de control externo, y el narcisismo y la psicopatía explican el locus de control interno -de manera negativa y positiva, respectivamente-. Tales resultados son posibles explicaciones para los desenlaces aversivos en individuos con altos puntajes en la triada sombría, de modo que estos viven más disgusto y rabia, como también se eximen de sus responsabilidades emocionales y se satisfacen al notar que causan daños a terceros.

Abstract The Dark Triad of personality -narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy- portrays antagonistic, insensitive, and socially aversive characteristics. It is known that personality, both healthy and pathological, affects several factors in the lives of individuals. This study aimed to understand the explanatory capacity of the Dark Triad in positive and negative affects and in the locus of control. For this purpose, two studies were carried out. The first of them comprised 154 participants, with an average age of 27.14 years (SD = 9.28) who answered the Dirty Dozen and the Positive and Negative Affections Scale. The second study consisted of 660 participants, with a mean age of 22.83 years (SD = 7.21) who were evaluated by the Short Dark Triad and the Multidimensional Scale of Locus of Control. The results indicated that the Dark Triad positively explains negative affects, while Machiavellianism negatively explains locus of external control. Narcissism and psychopathy clarify the locus of internal control -negatively and positively, respectively. Such findings are possible explanations for the aversive outcomes in individuals with high scores in the Dark Triad, so that they experience more displeasure and anger, as well as exempt themselves from their emotional responsibilities and are satisfied when they notice that they cause harm to others.

Resumo A tríade sombria da personalidade - narcisismo, maquiavelismo e psicopatía - retrata características antagonistas, insensíveis e socialmente aversivas. É sabido que a personalidade, tanto saudável quanto patológica, afeta diversos fatores na vida dos indivíduos. Este estudo buscou compreender a capacidade explicativa da tríade sombria nos afetos positivos e negativos e no lócus de controle. Para tanto foram realizados dois estudos. Compuseram o primeiro deles 154 participantes, com média de idade de 27.14 anos (DP = 9.28) que responderam ao Dirty Dozen e a Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos. O segundo estudo foi composto por 660 participantes, com média de idade de 22.83 anos (DP = 7.21) que foram avaliados pelo Short Dark Triad e a Escala Multidimensional de Lócus de Controle. Os resultados indicaram que a tríade sombria explica positivamente os afetos negativos, enquanto maquiavelismo explica negativamente lócus de controle externo, e, narcisismo e psicopatia explicam o lócus de controle interno -de maneira negativa e positiva, respectivamente-. Tais achados são possíveis explicações para os desfechos aversivos em indivíduos com altos escores na tríade sombria, de modo que estes vivenciam mais desprazer e raiva, como também se eximem de suas responsabilidades emocionais e se satisfazem ao notarem que causam danos em terceiros.

The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal trend of leptospirosis incidence according to rainfall levels in Santa Catarina State between 2005 and 2015. This is an ecological time-series study involving data on leptospirosis incidence and rainfall indexes in Santa Catarina State Health Regions. The distribution of leptospirosis, rainfall indexes, and cases/rainfall ratios, according to seasonality and stratified by Health Regions, were evaluated. There were 5,274 cases, with an average rate of 7.03 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year, varying from 24 to 1,458 cases (Serra Catarinense and Northeast regions, respectively) in Santa Catarina, revealing an increase in the rates of 0.70 cases/100,000 inhabitants in Serra Catarinense and 13.99 cases/100,000 inhabitants in the Northeast. Four regions (Foz do Rio Itajaí, Médio Vale do Itajaí, Grande Florianópolis and Northeast) were responsible for 71.8% of the cases, particularly in the Northeast region (38.5%). The five regions with the highest rates presented greater risk of leptospirosis (RR > 1), ranging from 10.9 to 19.9 more new cases of the disease. The average rainfall volume for Santa Catarina State was 158.69 mm, ranging from 136.44 mm in Laguna to 186.81 mm in the Northeast. The five regions contributed with 32.8% of the rainfall index accumulated in the period. In conclusion, leptospirosis occurred all around Santa Catarina State, differing its temporal trend according to the Health Regions. The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal trend of leptospirosis incidence according to rainfall levels in Santa Catarina State between 2005 and 2015. This is an ecological time-series study involving data on leptospirosis incidence and rainfall indexes in Santa Catarina State Health Regions. The distribution of leptospirosis, rainfall indexes, and cases/rainfall ratios, according to seasonality and stratified by Health Regions, were evaluated. There were 5,274 cases, with an average rate of 7.03 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year, varying from 24 to 1,458 cases (Serra Catarinense and Northeast regions, respectively) in Santa Catarina, revealing an increase in the rates of 0.70 cases/100,000 inhabitants in Serra Catarinense and 13.99 cases/100,000 inhabitants in the Northeast. Four regions (Foz do Rio Itajaí, Médio Vale do Itajaí, Grande Florianópolis and Northeast) were responsible for 71.8% of the cases, particularly in the Northeast region (38.5%). The five regions with the highest rates presented greater risk of leptospirosis (RR > 1), ranging from 10.9 to 19.9 more new cases of the disease. The average rainfall volume for Santa Catarina State was 158.69 mm, ranging from 136.44 mm in Laguna to 186.81 mm in the Northeast. The five regions contributed with 32.8% of the rainfall index accumulated in the period. In conclusion, leptospirosis occurred all around Santa Catarina State, differing its temporal trend according to the Health Regions.

Resumo Analisar os fatores associados à demência em idosos atendidos em um ambulatório de memória da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul). Estudo transversal com análise de dados de prontuário no período de 01/2013 a 04/2016. O desfecho foi o diagnóstico clínico de demência. As variáveis de controle foram: nível sérico de vitamina D na época do diagnóstico, sexo, cor da pele, escolaridade, idade, diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão arterial e depressão. Foi realizada análise bruta e ajustada com regressão logística. Amostra de 287 idosos, com predominância de idade entre 60 e 69 anos (48,78%), sexo feminino (79,09%), cor da pele branca (92,33%). A média de anos de estudo foi de 6,95 anos (DP ± 4,95) e da vitamina D 26,09 ng/mL (DP ± 9,20). A prevalência de idosos com demência foi de 16,72%. Dentre as morbidades a depressão foi a de maior prevalência seguida pela hipertensão arterial. Estiveram independentemente associadas à demência: vitamina D (OR = 0,92 IC 95% 0,88;0,97), depressão (OR = 4,09 IC95% 1,87;8,94), hipertensão arterial (OR = 2,65 IC95% 1,15;6,08) e indivíduos com idade igual e maior que 80 anos. A prevalência de demência foi alta, e houve associação de níveis mais baixos de vitamina D com diagnóstico de demência. Sendo a vitamina D um fator modificável, abrindo importantes perspectivas para políticas de saúde pública.

Abstract We analyzed the factors associated with dementia in the elderly attended at a memory outpatient clinic of the University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL). This is a cross-sectional study with data analysis of medical records from January 2013 to April 2016. The outcome was the clinical diagnosis of dementia. The control variables were: serum vitamin D level at the time of diagnosis, gender, skin color, schooling, age, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and depression. We performed a crude and adjusted analysis with logistic regression. The sample consisted of 287 elderly, with the predominance of age between 60 and 69 years (48.78%), female (79.09%) and white (92.33%). The mean number of years of study was 6.95 years (SD ± 4.95) and mean vitamin D was 26.09 ng/mL (SD ± 9,20). The prevalence of elderly with dementia was 16.72%. Depression was the most prevalent (42.50%) among the morbidities, followed by hypertension (31.71%). The following were independently associated with dementia: vitamin D (OR = 0.92, 95%CI, 0.88;0.97), depression (OR = 4.09, 95%CI, 1.87;8.94), hypertension (OR = 2.65, 95%CI, 1.15;6.08) and individuals aged 80 years and over (OR = 3.97 95%CI, 1.59;9.91). Dementia prevalence was high and diagnosed dementia was associated with lower levels of vitamin D. Vitamin D is a modifiable factor, opening up essential perspectives for public health policies.

Resumo Analisar os fatores associados à demência em idosos atendidos em um ambulatório de memória da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul). Estudo transversal com análise de dados de prontuário no período de 01/2013 a 04/2016. O desfecho foi o diagnóstico clínico de demência. As variáveis de controle foram: nível sérico de vitamina D na época do diagnóstico, sexo, cor da pele, escolaridade, idade, diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão arterial e depressão. Foi realizada análise bruta e ajustada com regressão logística. Amostra de 287 idosos, com predominância de idade entre 60 e 69 anos (48,78%), sexo feminino (79,09%), cor da pele branca (92,33%). A média de anos de estudo foi de 6,95 anos (DP ± 4,95) e da vitamina D 26,09 ng/mL (DP ± 9,20). A prevalência de idosos com demência foi de 16,72%. Dentre as morbidades a depressão foi a de maior prevalência seguida pela hipertensão arterial. Estiveram independentemente associadas à demência: vitamina D (OR = 0,92 IC 95% 0,88;0,97), depressão (OR = 4,09 IC95% 1,87;8,94), hipertensão arterial (OR = 2,65 IC95% 1,15;6,08) e indivíduos com idade igual e maior que 80 anos. A prevalência de demência foi alta, e houve associação de níveis mais baixos de vitamina D com diagnóstico de demência. Sendo a vitamina D um fator modificável, abrindo importantes perspectivas para políticas de saúde pública.

Abstract We analyzed the factors associated with dementia in the elderly attended at a memory outpatient clinic of the University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL). This is a cross-sectional study with data analysis of medical records from January 2013 to April 2016. The outcome was the clinical diagnosis of dementia. The control variables were: serum vitamin D level at the time of diagnosis, gender, skin color, schooling, age, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and depression. We performed a crude and adjusted analysis with logistic regression. The sample consisted of 287 elderly, with the predominance of age between 60 and 69 years (48.78%), female (79.09%) and white (92.33%). The mean number of years of study was 6.95 years (SD ± 4.95) and mean vitamin D was 26.09 ng/mL (SD ± 9,20). The prevalence of elderly with dementia was 16.72%. Depression was the most prevalent (42.50%) among the morbidities, followed by hypertension (31.71%). The following were independently associated with dementia: vitamin D (OR = 0.92, 95%CI, 0.88;0.97), depression (OR = 4.09, 95%CI, 1.87;8.94), hypertension (OR = 2.65, 95%CI, 1.15;6.08) and individuals aged 80 years and over (OR = 3.97 95%CI, 1.59;9.91). Dementia prevalence was high and diagnosed dementia was associated with lower levels of vitamin D. Vitamin D is a modifiable factor, opening up essential perspectives for public health policies.

Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade física, identificar os contaminantes de sementes de espécies forrageiras e graníferas no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir dos resultados obtidos a partir de amostras de lotes de sementes coletadas pelo Programa Estadual de Inspeção, da Divisão de Inspeção de Insumo da Secretaria Estadual de Defesa Vegetal, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Lotes de sementes de azevém (Lolium multiflorum) (nacional), aveia preta (Avena strigosa), aveia (Avena sativa) e capim-sudão (Sorghum sudanense) comercializadas em Santa Catarina entre os anos de 2013 a 2015 apresentam não conformidades quanto à presença de outras sementes por número em relação a regulamentação brasileira. Dentro dos lotes de sementes forrageiras comercializadas em Santa Catarina, apenas lotes de sementes de milheto (Setaria italica) e azevém (importadas) apresentaram número de outras sementes abaixo do limite legal, mantendo-se dentro dos padrões de comercialização, independente do ano analisado.

This study aimed to evaluate the physical quality, identify and quantify the contaminants of seeds of forage species in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. It was created a data collection with the results obtained from samples of seeds lots collected by the State Inspection Program, from the Input Inspection Division of the State Department of Vegetal Defense, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Batches of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) seeds (national), black oat (Avena strigosa), oat (Avena sativa) and Sudan grass (Sorghum sudanense) Pers.) commercialized in Santa Catarina among the years 2013 to 2015 presented nonconformities to the presence of other seeds in relation to the Brazilian regulation. Within the lots of forage seeds commercialized in Santa Catarina, only lots of pearl millet (Setaria italica) and ryegrass seeds (imported) presented number of other seeds below the legal limit, staying within the commercialization standards, independent of the analyzed year.

Resumo Introdução: A hiperfosfatemia está associada a desfechos desfavoráveis, e o percentual de pacientes que apresentam essa condição em unidades de hemodiálise (HD) de uma mesma instituição no estado de Santa Catarina (SC) é historicamente maior que o de pacientes do estado do Tocantins (TO). Objetivo: Conhecer a frequência do consumo das principais fontes dietéticas de fósforo e compará-las entre os dois estados. Metodologia: Estudo transversal do qual participaram 123 pacientes, 66 de SC e 57 do TO: 52% homens; idade=46,9±15,7 anos; tempo de HD=48 (57-71) meses. Foi aplicado um questionário de frequência alimentar (QFA) com 33 itens, fontes dietéticas de fósforo. Uma pontuação de consumo foi calculada para fontes de fósforo orgânico, inorgânico e total, e obtida a média semestral da fosfatemia. Resultados: A média da fosfatemia dos pacientes de SC foi maior (6,2±1,5 vs 4,7±1,3 mg/dl; p<0001), bem como a prevalência de hiperfosfatemia (62% vs 28%; p<0001). Na amostra total, os alimentos mais frequentemente consumidos foram leite e feijão. Comparando a frequência de consumo entre os dois estados, houve diferença significativa em 17 itens. Em TO, maior frequência de consumo de carne bovina e feijão, e em SC, de outros quatorze itens do QFA (carne suína, embutidos, laticínios, etc.). A fosfatemia se correlacionou com a pontuação de frequência de consumo de fontes de fósforo inorgânico. Conclusão: a frequência de consumo de vários itens foi diferente entre os estados, e esse achado pode ser uma das razões que explicam as disparidades na fosfatemia entre as duas regiões.

Abstract Introduction: Hyperphosphatemia is associated with unfavorable outcomes, and the percentage of patients presenting with this condition in hemodialysis (HD) in kidney foundation units in the state of Santa Catarina (SC) is historically higher than that of patients in the state of Tocantins (TO). Objective: To assess the frequency of consumption of the main dietary sources of phosphorus and to compare them between the two states. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 123 patients, 66 of SC and 57 of TO: 52% were men, average age was 46.9 ± 15.7 years, and mean HD time 48 (57-71) months. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 33 items that are dietary sources of phosphorus was applied. A consumption score was calculated for sources of organic, inorganic, and total phosphorus, and the six-month average of phosphatemia was obtained. Results: The mean phosphatemia of SC patients was higher (6.2 ± 1.5 vs 4.7 ± 1.3 mg/dL, p <0001) than TO patients, as well as the prevalence of hyperphosphatemia (62% vs 28%; p <10001). In the total sample, the foods most frequently consumed were milk and beans. Comparing the frequency of consumption between the two states, a significant difference was found in 17 items. In TO, beef and beans were the foods most frequently consumed, and in SC, fourteen other items of the FFQ (pork, sausages, dairy products, etc.) were the most frequently consumed. Phosphatemia correlated with the frequency of consumption of inorganic phosphorus sources. Conclusion: the frequency of consumption of several items was different between the states, and this explains the differences in phosphatemia between the two regions.

ABSTRACT Santa Catarina is a Brazilian State that has reported the lowest prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1/2) in blood donors (0.04%). Although it presents ports, airports and roads that facilitate the entrance and dissemination of new infectious agents, no information exists concerning the HTLV-1/2 infections in HIV/AIDS patients. This study searched for HTLV-1/2 antibodies in plasma samples of 625 HIV/AIDS patients from the municipality of Tubarao (Southern Santa Catarina), and disclosed 1.1% of positivity (0.48% HTLV-1, 0.48% HTLV-2 and 0.16% untypeable HTLV), and a positive correlation with the male sex (OR 4.16) and intravenous drug use (OR 35.18). Although the percentage of 1.1% appears to be low, it is 27.5 times higher than the percentage detected in blood donors. Since HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 are circulating in HIV-infected individuals in Southern Santa Catarina, and these retroviruses could cause a differently impact on the HIV/AIDS outcomes, the surveillance of HTLV-1/2 is necessary, and it could support public health policies in preventing the transmission and dissemination of these viruses in this State.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a validade de um sistema de bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA, análise de impedância bioelétrica) com oito eletrodos de contato presente em uma balança doméstica para a avaliação da composição corporal total de pacientes com DPOC. Métodos: Dezessete pacientes com DPOC (média de idade = 67 ± 8 anos; média do VEF1 = 38,6 ± 16,1% do previsto; média de índice de massa corpórea = 24,7 ± 5,4 kg/m2) foram submetidos à avaliação da composição corporal por dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA, absorciometria por dupla emissão de raios X) e por um sistema BIA com oito eletrodos de contato. Resultados: Houve forte correlação intermétodos para massa gorda (r = 0,95), massa livre de gordura (r = 0,93) e massa magra (r = 0,93), mas correlação moderada para conteúdo mineral ósseo (r = 0,73; p < 0,01 para todos). Na análise de concordância, os valores entre DEXA e o sistema BIA diferiram em apenas 0,15 kg (−6,39 a 6,70 kg), 0,26 kg (−5,96 a 6,49 kg), −0,13 kg (−0,76 a 0,50 kg) e −0,55 kg (−6,71 a 5,61 kg) para massa livre de gordura, massa magra, conteúdo mineral ósseo e massa gorda, respectivamente. Conclusões: O sistema BIA com oito eletrodos de contato mostrou-se uma ferramenta válida na avaliação da composição corporal total em nossa amostra de pacientes com DPOC.

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the validity of an eight-contact electrode bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) system within a household scale for assessing whole body composition in COPD patients. Methods: Seventeen patients with COPD (mean age = 67 ± 8 years; mean FEV1 = 38.6 ± 16.1% of predicted; and mean body mass index = 24.7 ± 5.4 kg/m2) underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and an eight-contact electrode BIA system for body composition assessment. Results: There was a strong inter-method correlation for fat mass (r = 0.95), fat-free mass (r = 0.93), and lean mass (r = 0.93), but the correlation was moderate for bone mineral content (r = 0.73; p < 0.01 for all). In the agreement analysis, the values between DEXA and the BIA system differed by only 0.15 kg (−6.39 to 6.70 kg), 0.26 kg (−5.96 to 6.49 kg), −0.13 kg (−0.76 to 0.50 kg), and −0.55 kg (−6.71 to 5.61 kg) for fat-free mass, lean mass, bone mineral content, and fat mass, respectively. Conclusions: The eight-contact electrode BIA system showed to be a valid tool in the assessment of whole body composition in our sample of patients with COPD.

O objetivo foi verificar a associação entre o ambiente construído, a renda contextual e a obesidade em idosos de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Estudo transversal com amostra de 1.197 idosos (≥ 60 anos), avaliados na coorte EpiFloripa Idoso em 2013/2014. Os desfechos foram a obesidade geral, a obesidade abdominal, a circunferência da cintura (CC) e o índice de massa corporal (IMC). A renda contextual do setor censitário e as características do ambiente construído foram analisadas por meio dos dados do Instituto de Planejamento Urbano de Florianópolis (IPUF) e do Censo Demográfico de 2010. Utilizou-se modelos de regressão logística e linear multinível. Para as mulheres, a renda média intermediária foi associada às menores chances de obesidade abdominal e geral, e o maior percentual de ruas pavimentadas às menores chances de obesidade abdominal; o incremento de cada ponto percentual de comércio diminuiu 0,20cm a CC, e no de ruas pavimentadas diminuiu 0,43cm a CC e 0,22kg/m2 o IMC. Para os homens, a maior conectividade das ruas e o percentual de comércio intermediário foram associados às menores chances de obesidade geral; o incremento na densidade de ruas diminuiu 0,34cm na CC e 0,10kg/m2 no IMC; já no percentual de iluminação aumentou 0,51cm a CC e 0,11kg/m2 o IMC. Verificaram-se associações distintas de acordo com o sexo e o desfecho analisado, fazendo-se necessárias novas pesquisas que explorem variáveis contextuais adicionais e relevantes a esses desfechos entre os idosos.

The objective was to verify the association between built environment, contextual income, and obesity in older adults in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study in a sample of 1,197 older people (≥ 60 years) evaluated in the EpiFloripa Older Adults Cohort in 2013/2014. The outcomes were overall obesity, abdominal obesity, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI). Contextual income in the census tract and characteristics of the built environment were analyzed using data from the Florianópolis Institute of Urban Planning (IPUF) and the 2010 Population Census. Logistic and multilevel linear regression models were used. For older women, intermediate mean income was associated with lower odds of abdominal and overall obesity, while higher percentage of paved streets in the census tract was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity; one percentage point increment in local commerce decreased WC by 0.20cm, and a one percentage point increase in paved streets decreased WC by 0.43cm and BMI by 0.22kg/m2. For older men, better street connectivity and intermediate percentage of local commerce were associated with lower odds of overall obesity; the increment in street density decreased WC by 0.34cm and BMI by 10kg/m2; a one-point increment in lighting increased WC by 0.51cm and BMI by 0.11kg/m2. The results showed different associations according to sex and target outcome, highlighting the need for further studies to explore additional relevant contextual variables for these outcomes in older adults.

El objetivo fue verificar la asociación entre el ambiente construido, la renta contextual y la obesidad en ancianos de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Estudio transversal con una muestra de 1.197 ancianos (≥ 60 años), evaluados en la cohorte EpiFloripa Idoso en 2013/2014. Los desenlaces fueron: obesidad general, obesidad abdominal, circunferencia de la cintura (CC) e índice de masa corporal (IMC). La renta contextual del sector censal y las características del ambiente construido se analizaron mediante los datos del Instituto de Planificación Urbana de Florianópolis (IPUF) y del Censo de 2010. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística y lineal multinivel. En el caso de las mujeres, una renta media intermedia se asoció a unas menores oportunidades de obesidad abdominal y general, y el mayor porcentaje de calles pavimentadas a unas menores oportunidades de obesidad abdominal; el incremento de cada punto porcentual de comercio disminuyó 0,20cm la CC, y en el de calles pavimentadas disminuyó a 0,43cm la CC y 0,22kg/m2 el IMC. Para los hombres, la mayor conectividad de las calles y el porcentaje de comercio medio estuvieron asociados a unas menores oportunidades de obesidad general; el incremento en la densidad de calles disminuyó 0,34cm en la CC y 0,10kg/m2 en el IMC; en el caso del porcentaje de iluminación aumentó 0,51cm la CC y 0,11kg/m2 el IMC. Se verificaron asociaciones distintas, de acuerdo con el sexo y el desenlace analizado, haciéndose necesarias nuevas investigaciones que exploren variables contextuales adicionales y relevantes a estos desenlaces entre los ancianos.

O objetivo foi verificar a associação entre o ambiente construído, a renda contextual e a obesidade em idosos de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Estudo transversal com amostra de 1.197 idosos (≥ 60 anos), avaliados na coorte EpiFloripa Idoso em 2013/2014. Os desfechos foram a obesidade geral, a obesidade abdominal, a circunferência da cintura (CC) e o índice de massa corporal (IMC). A renda contextual do setor censitário e as características do ambiente construído foram analisadas por meio dos dados do Instituto de Planejamento Urbano de Florianópolis (IPUF) e do Censo Demográfico de 2010. Utilizou-se modelos de regressão logística e linear multinível. Para as mulheres, a renda média intermediária foi associada às menores chances de obesidade abdominal e geral, e o maior percentual de ruas pavimentadas às menores chances de obesidade abdominal; o incremento de cada ponto percentual de comércio diminuiu 0,20cm a CC, e no de ruas pavimentadas diminuiu 0,43cm a CC e 0,22kg/m2 o IMC. Para os homens, a maior conectividade das ruas e o percentual de comércio intermediário foram associados às menores chances de obesidade geral; o incremento na densidade de ruas diminuiu 0,34cm na CC e 0,10kg/m2 no IMC; já no percentual de iluminação aumentou 0,51cm a CC e 0,11kg/m2 o IMC. Verificaram-se associações distintas de acordo com o sexo e o desfecho analisado, fazendo-se necessárias novas pesquisas que explorem variáveis contextuais adicionais e relevantes a esses desfechos entre os idosos.

The objective was to verify the association between built environment, contextual income, and obesity in older adults in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study in a sample of 1,197 older people (≥ 60 years) evaluated in the EpiFloripa Older Adults Cohort in 2013/2014. The outcomes were overall obesity, abdominal obesity, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI). Contextual income in the census tract and characteristics of the built environment were analyzed using data from the Florianópolis Institute of Urban Planning (IPUF) and the 2010 Population Census. Logistic and multilevel linear regression models were used. For older women, intermediate mean income was associated with lower odds of abdominal and overall obesity, while higher percentage of paved streets in the census tract was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity; one percentage point increment in local commerce decreased WC by 0.20cm, and a one percentage point increase in paved streets decreased WC by 0.43cm and BMI by 0.22kg/m2. For older men, better street connectivity and intermediate percentage of local commerce were associated with lower odds of overall obesity; the increment in street density decreased WC by 0.34cm and BMI by 10kg/m2; a one-point increment in lighting increased WC by 0.51cm and BMI by 0.11kg/m2. The results showed different associations according to sex and target outcome, highlighting the need for further studies to explore additional relevant contextual variables for these outcomes in older adults.

El objetivo fue verificar la asociación entre el ambiente construido, la renta contextual y la obesidad en ancianos de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Estudio transversal con una muestra de 1.197 ancianos (≥ 60 años), evaluados en la cohorte EpiFloripa Idoso en 2013/2014. Los desenlaces fueron: obesidad general, obesidad abdominal, circunferencia de la cintura (CC) e índice de masa corporal (IMC). La renta contextual del sector censal y las características del ambiente construido se analizaron mediante los datos del Instituto de Planificación Urbana de Florianópolis (IPUF) y del Censo de 2010. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística y lineal multinivel. En el caso de las mujeres, una renta media intermedia se asoció a unas menores oportunidades de obesidad abdominal y general, y el mayor porcentaje de calles pavimentadas a unas menores oportunidades de obesidad abdominal; el incremento de cada punto porcentual de comercio disminuyó 0,20cm la CC, y en el de calles pavimentadas disminuyó a 0,43cm la CC y 0,22kg/m2 el IMC. Para los hombres, la mayor conectividad de las calles y el porcentaje de comercio medio estuvieron asociados a unas menores oportunidades de obesidad general; el incremento en la densidad de calles disminuyó 0,34cm en la CC y 0,10kg/m2 en el IMC; en el caso del porcentaje de iluminación aumentó 0,51cm la CC y 0,11kg/m2 el IMC. Se verificaron asociaciones distintas, de acuerdo con el sexo y el desenlace analizado, haciéndose necesarias nuevas investigaciones que exploren variables contextuales adicionales y relevantes a estos desenlaces entre los ancianos.

This study aimed to obtain a bifunctional fabric from the point of view of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity for biomedical applications. To achieve this, both sides of a fabric of polylactic acid (PLA) were subjected to a plasma treatment. While in a side the oxygen was introduced to the other side, simultaneously, was added methane. The plasma treatment was performed at 100 W, 1.8 mbar, during 30 minutes. By Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) morphological analysis, it became evident that the fabric side facing the oxygen inlet showed micropittings, while the reverse side had smooth surfaces. Analysis by X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed an increase in the amount of oxygen in the surface of the PLA on both sides of the fabric. The surface function was characterized by measurements of water absorption rate, where it was determined that one fabric side was more hydrophilic than the other side. The results indicated achievement of a bifunctional fabric through orientation of working gases during a plasma treatment.

RESUMO A partir da vigência da Lei nº 11.428/06 criou-se uma expectativa se regras mais restritas de uso e conservação da Mata Atlântica seriam suficientes para a redução dos desmatamentos. Na mesma ótica, os órgãos de fiscalização ficaram em evidência, cobrando-se a aplicação desse instrumento legal. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: 1) analisar o histórico de desmatamento no Planalto Serrano do Estado de Santa Catarina, cuja cobertura florestal é caracterizada por Floresta Ombrófila Mista, após a Lei 11.428/06; 2) verificar a aplicação da Lei nas ocorrências de desmatamento, e 3) identificar os motivos que ocasionaram os desmatamentos. Foi realizada pesquisa documental em 543 procedimentos criminais instaurados pela Polícia Militar Ambiental por desmatamento entre dezembro de 2006 e dezembro de 2015. Em cada processo criminal foram extraídos os seguintes dados: data, número de ocorrência por ano e município, tamanho, estágio sucessional, motivo e uso do solo das áreas desmatadas. Os resultados indicaram que houve grande redução (58%) no número de desmatamento entre 2007 e 2015. No entanto, o corte seletivo de Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze ainda foi predominante com 62,07% do número total de ocorrências. Verificou-se também que 71,46% dos desmatamentos atingiram o estágio médio de regeneração da floresta. Na maioria dos casos (33%), o motivo do desmatamento foi para fins comerciais. A lei de proteção ao Bioma Mata Atlântica, aliado ao trabalho de fiscalização, contribuiu para a redução do número de desmatamentos e do corte de araucárias. Porém, avanços ainda são necessários, em especial na recuperação das áreas desmatadas, pois apenas 28% das áreas desmatadas foram efetivamente restauradas.

ABSTRACT Since the enactment of Law No. 11,428/06, an expectation was created as to whether more restricted rules on the use and conservation of the Atlantic Forest Biome would be sufficient to reduce deforestation. In the same sense, the inspection bodies stood out due to their responsibility in the application of this important legal instrument. In this context, the objectives of this study were: 1) to analyze the history of deforestation in the Planalto Serrano of the State of Santa Catarina, whose forest covered area is characterized by the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest, after the validity of Law 11,428/06; 2) to verify the application of the Law in the occurrence of deforestation, and 3) to identify the reasons for deforestation. A documentary research was carried out on 543 criminal procedures instituted by the Environmental Military Police for deforestation between December 2006 and December 2015. From each criminal case the following data were extracted: date, number of occurrences per year and municipality, size, successional stage of the deforested area, motive and land use of deforested areas. The results indicated that there was an accentuated reduction of 58% in the number of deforestation between 2007 and 2015. However, the selective cutting of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze was predominant with a percentage of 62.07% of the total number of occurrences. It was also verified that 71.46% of deforestation reached the middle stage of forest regeneration. In most case (33%), the reason for deforestation was for commercial purposes. The law for the protection of the Atlantic Forest Biome, conjunctly with the inspection, contributed to reduce deforestation and the cut of araucarias. Nevertheless, advancements are still needed, especially in the recovery of deforested areas, since only 28% of deforested areas were effectively restored.

RESUMO: O Greenstone Belt Faina está localizado na porção sul do Bloco Arqueano de Goiás e vem sendo pesquisado desde o século XVIII por conta dos seus depósitos auríferos. Estudos recentes revelaram o potencial polimetálico do cinturão, em razão dos valores anômalos de Ag, Cu, Fe e Co, além de Mn, Ba, Li, Ni, Cr e Zn. Este estudo foi desenvolvido por meio da caracterização de dois alvos selecionados, Cascavel e Tinteiro, utilizando dados multifonte, tais como aerogeofísica de alta resolução, geoquímica e geologia. Esses dados foram integrados para criar um mapa prospectivo final utilizando a técnica lógica fuzzy. A mineralização aurífera do alvo Cascavel está inserida em um sistema orogênico e ocorre em dois sistemas de veios de quartzo superpostos, denominados de Mestre-Cascavel e Cuca, encaixados em quartzitos e com espessura média de 50 cm e orientação N45º-60ºW/25ºSW com a presença de ouro livre em grãos de 2-3 mm até 3 cm. O mapa prospectivo criado para esse prospecto indicou quatro áreas mineralizadas com favorabilidade de primeira ordem e novos focos com média favorabilidade. O alvo Tinteiro, derivado de estudos realizados pela empresa Orinoco do Brasil Mineração Ltda., mostra uma mineralização polimetálica associada a depósito do tipo óxido de ferro-obre-ouro-(prata), posterior à mineralização do alvo Cascavel. Seu mapa prospectivo apontou 19 novos focos com alta potencialidade para mineralização de Au, Cu e Ag, sugerindo novas direções para futuros programas prospectivos.

ABSTRACT: The Faina Greenstone Belt is located in the southern sector of the Goiás Archean Block and has been investigated since the 18th century because of its gold deposits. Recent studies have revealed the polymetallic potential of the belt, which is indicated by anomalous levels of Ag, Cu, Fe and Co in addition to Mn, Ba, Li, Ni, Cr and Zn. This study was developed based on a detailed analysis of two selected target sites, Cascavel and Tinteiro, and multiple data sets, such as airborne geophysics, geochemistry and geological information. These datasets were used to create a final prospectivity map using the fuzzy logic technique. The gold mineralization of Cascavel target is inserted in an orogenic system and occurs in two overlapping quartz veins systems, called Mestre-Cascavel and Cuca, embedded in quartzite with an average thickness 50 cm and guidance N45º-60ºW/25ºSW with free coarse gold in grains 2-3 mm to 3 cm. The prospectivity map created for this prospect generated four first-order favorable areas for mineralization and new medium-favorability foci. The Tinteiro area, derived from studies conducted by Orinoco do Brasil Mineração Ltda., shows polymetallic mineralization associated with an iron oxide-copper-gold ore deposit (IOCG) system posterior to Cascavel target mineralization. Its prospectivity map generated 19 new target sites with the potential for Au, Cu and Ag mineralization, suggesting new directions for future prospecting programs.